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52 U.S.C. § 20510, Civil enforcement and private right of action

Legal Information Institute, Cornell Law School · 1993-05-20

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						<h1 class="title" id="page_title"> 52 U.S. Code § 20510 - Civil enforcement and private right of action </h1>
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<div class="subsection indent2 firstIndent-2"><a name="a"></a><span class="num bold" value="a">(a)</span><span class="heading bold"> Attorney General</span>
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<p>The Attorney General may bring a civil action in an appropriate district court for such declaratory or injunctive relief as is necessary to carry out this chapter.</p>
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<div class="subsection indent2 firstIndent-2"><a name="b"></a><span class="num bold" value="b">(b)</span><span class="heading bold"> Private right of action</span>
<div class="paragraph indent0"><a name="b_1"></a><span class="num" value="1">(1)</span>
<div class="content"> A person who is aggrieved by a violation of this chapter may provide written notice of the violation to the chief <a aria-label="Definitions - election" class="colorbox-load definedterm" href="/definitions/uscode.php?width=840&amp;height=800&amp;iframe=true&amp;def_id=52-USC-17132519-1680128469&amp;term_occur=999&amp;term_src=title:52:subtitle:II:chapter:205:section:20510">election</a> official of the<a aria-label="Definitions -  State " class="colorbox-load definedterm" href="/definitions/uscode.php?width=840&amp;height=800&amp;iframe=true&amp;def_id=52-USC-80204913-1680128472&amp;term_occur=999&amp;term_src=title:52:subtitle:II:chapter:205:section:20510"> State </a>involved.</div>
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<div class="paragraph indent0"><a name="b_2"></a><span class="num" value="2">(2)</span>
<div class="content"> If the violation is not corrected within 90 days after receipt of a notice under paragraph (1), or within 20 days after receipt of the notice if the violation occurred within 120 days before the date of an <a aria-label="Definitions - election" class="colorbox-load definedterm" href="/definitions/uscode.php?width=840&amp;height=800&amp;iframe=true&amp;def_id=52-USC-17132519-1680128469&amp;term_occur=999&amp;term_src=title:52:subtitle:II:chapter:205:section:20510">election</a> for <a aria-label="Definitions - Federal office" class="colorbox-load definedterm" href="/definitions/uscode.php?width=840&amp;height=800&amp;iframe=true&amp;def_id=52-USC-980036161-1680128470&amp;term_occur=999&amp;term_src=title:52:subtitle:II:chapter:205:section:20510">Federal office</a>, the aggrieved person may bring a civil action in an appropriate district court for declaratory or injunctive relief with respect to the violation.</div>
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<div class="paragraph indent0"><a name="b_3"></a><span class="num" value="3">(3)</span>
<div class="content"> If the violation occurred within 30 days before the date of an <a aria-label="Definitions - election" class="colorbox-load definedterm" href="/definitions/uscode.php?width=840&amp;height=800&amp;iframe=true&amp;def_id=52-USC-17132519-1680128469&amp;term_occur=999&amp;term_src=title:52:subtitle:II:chapter:205:section:20510">election</a> for <a aria-label="Definitions - Federal office" class="colorbox-load definedterm" href="/definitions/uscode.php?width=840&amp;height=800&amp;iframe=true&amp;def_id=52-USC-980036161-1680128470&amp;term_occur=999&amp;term_src=title:52:subtitle:II:chapter:205:section:20510">Federal office</a>, the aggrieved person need not provide notice to the chief<a aria-label="Definitions -  election " class="colorbox-load definedterm" href="/definitions/uscode.php?width=840&amp;height=800&amp;iframe=true&amp;def_id=52-USC-17132519-1680128469&amp;term_occur=999&amp;term_src=title:52:subtitle:II:chapter:205:section:20510"> election </a>official of the<a aria-label="Definitions -  State " class="colorbox-load definedterm" href="/definitions/uscode.php?width=840&amp;height=800&amp;iframe=true&amp;def_id=52-USC-80204913-1680128472&amp;term_occur=999&amp;term_src=title:52:subtitle:II:chapter:205:section:20510"> State </a>under paragraph (1) before bringing a civil action under paragraph (2).</div>
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<div class="subsection indent2 firstIndent-2"><a name="c"></a><span class="num bold" value="c">(c)</span><span class="heading bold"> Attorney’s fees</span>
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<p>In a civil action under this section, the court may allow the prevailing party (other than the United <a aria-label="Definitions - States" class="colorbox-load definedterm" href="/definitions/uscode.php?width=840&amp;height=800&amp;iframe=true&amp;def_id=52-USC-80204913-1680128472&amp;term_occur=999&amp;term_src=title:52:subtitle:II:chapter:205:section:20510">States</a>) reasonable attorney fees, including litigation expenses, and costs.</p>
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<div class="subsection indent2 firstIndent-2"><a name="d"></a><span class="num bold" value="d">(d)</span><span class="heading bold"> Relation to other laws</span>
<div class="paragraph indent0"><a name="d_1"></a><span class="num" value="1">(1)</span>
<div class="content"> The rights and remedies established by this section are in addition to all other rights and remedies provided by law, and neither the rights and remedies established by this section nor any other provision of this chapter shall supersede, restrict, or limit the application of the <a href="/topn/voting_rights_act_of_1965">Voting Rights Act of 1965</a> (<a aria-label="42 U.S.C. 1973" href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42/1973">42 U.S.C. 1973</a> et seq.) [now <a aria-label="52 U.S.C. 10301" href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/52/10301">52 U.S.C. 10301</a> et seq.].</div>
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<div class="paragraph indent0"><a name="d_2"></a><span class="num" value="2">(2)</span>
<div class="content"> Nothing in this chapter authorizes or requires conduct that is prohibited by the <a href="/topn/voting_rights_act_of_1965">Voting Rights Act of 1965</a> (<a aria-label="42 U.S.C. 1973" href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42/1973">42 U.S.C. 1973</a> et seq.) [now <a aria-label="52 U.S.C. 10301" href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/52/10301">52 U.S.C. 10301</a> et seq.].</div>
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<div class="sourceCredit">(<a href="/rio/citation/Pub._L._103-31">Pub. L. 103–31, § 11</a>, <span class="date" date="1993-05-20">May 20, 1993</span>, <a href="/rio/citation/107_Stat._88">107 Stat. 88</a>.)</div>
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<span class="heading centered smallCaps">References in Text</span>
<p>The <a href="/topn/voting_rights_act_of_1965">Voting Rights Act of 1965</a>, referred to in subsec. (d), is <a href="/rio/citation/Pub._L._89-110">Pub. L. 89–110</a>, <span class="date" date="1965-08-06">Aug. 6, 1965</span>, <a href="/rio/citation/79_Stat._437">79 Stat. 437</a>, which is classified generally to chapters 103 (§ 10301 et seq.), 105 (§ 10501 et seq.), and 107 (§ 10701 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.</p>
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<div class="note" topic="codification"><span class="heading centered smallCaps">Codification</span>
<p>Section was formerly classified to <a href="/uscode/text/42/1973gg–9">section 1973gg–9 of Title 42</a>, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.</p>
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