Saved copy of
US lifts some Venezuela sanctions to ease oil sales
Reuters · 2026-01-29
<!DOCTYPE html><html data-layout="regular-article" data-rdr-ts="1769742263098" data-site-lang="en" lang="en"><head><title>US eases some sanctions on Venezuelan oil industry | Reuters</title><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"/><meta name="apple-itunes-app" content="app-id=602660809, app-argument=https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/us-eases-sanctions-venezuelan-oil-industry-2026-01-29/?id=YDSSA5VK3NPR5FTEDUMIQLYOTU"/><script>(function(){
var current_location = window.location.href;
if (current_location.indexOf('/info-pages/supported-browsers/') === -1) {
var supportFetchApi = 'fetch' in window;
var supportCSSGrid = window.CSS && CSS.supports('display', 'grid');
if (!supportFetchApi && !supportCSSGrid) {
window.location.href = '/info-pages/supported-browsers/';
}
}
})()</script><script>
window.BOOMR_CONSENT_CONFIG = { enabled: true, optInRequired: true };
!function(o){"use strict";if(void 0!==o.BOOMR_CONSENT_CONFIG&&!0===o.BOOMR_CONSENT_CONFIG.enabled){o.BOOMR=void 0!==o.BOOMR?o.BOOMR:{};var n=o.BOOMR;n.plugins=void 0!==n.plugins?n.plugins:{};if(!n.plugins.ConsentInlinedPlugin){var i={v:"2",OPT_COOKIE:"BOOMR_CONSENT",OPT_IN_COOKIE_VAL:"opted-in",OPT_OUT_COOKIE_VAL:"opted-out",COOKIE_EXP:31536e3,complete:!1,enabled:!0,firedPageReady:!1,deferredOptIn:!1,deferredOptOut:!1,rtCookieFromConfig:!1,bwCookieFromConfig:!1,optOut:function(){if(!n.utils.setCookie(i.OPT_COOKIE,i.OPT_OUT_COOKIE_VAL,i.COOKIE_EXP)){n.error("Can not set Opt Out cookie","ConsentInlinedPlugin");return!1}"function"==typeof n.disable&&n.disable();i.complete=!1;i.removeBoomerangCookies();return!0},optIn:function(){if(!0===i.complete)return!0;if(!n.utils.setCookie(i.OPT_COOKIE,i.OPT_IN_COOKIE_VAL,i.COOKIE_EXP)){n.error("Can not set Opt In value","ConsentInlinedPlugin");return!1}"function"==typeof n.wakeUp&&n.wakeUp();i.complete=!0;n.addVar("cip.in","1",!0);n.addVar("cip.v",i.v,!0);n.sendBeacon();return!0},removeBoomerangCookies:function(){var e=i.rtCookieFromConfig||"RT",o=i.bwCookieFromConfig||"BA";n.utils.removeCookie(e);n.utils.removeCookie(o)},onPageReady:function(){if(!i.firedPageReady){i.firedPageReady=!0;if(i.deferredOptIn){i.optIn();i.deferredOptIn=!1}if(i.deferredOptOut){i.optOut();i.deferredOptOut=!1}}}};o.BOOMR_OPT_OUT=function(){i.firedPageReady?i.optOut():i.deferredOptOut=!0};o.BOOMR_OPT_IN=function(){i.firedPageReady?i.optIn():i.deferredOptIn=!0};n.plugins.ConsentInlinedPlugin={init:function(e){void 0!==e.RT&&void 0!==e.RT.cookie&&(i.rtCookieFromConfig=e.RT.cookie);void 0!==e.BW&&void 0!==e.BW.cookie&&(i.bwCookieFromConfig=e.BW.cookie);n.subscribe("page_ready",i.onPageReady,null,i);n.subscribe("spa_navigation",i.onPageReady,null,i);if(o.BOOMR_CONSENT_CONFIG.optInRequired&&n.utils.getCookie(i.OPT_COOKIE)!==i.OPT_IN_COOKIE_VAL){i.complete=!1;return this}if(n.utils.getCookie(i.OPT_COOKIE)===i.OPT_OUT_COOKIE_VAL){void 0===e.RT&&(e.RT={});e.RT.cookie="";void 0===e.BW&&(e.BW={});e.BW.cookie="";i.complete=!1;return this}i.complete=!0;return this},is_complete:function(){return i.complete},debug:{wasPageReadyFired:function(){return i.firedPageReady},getDeferredOptInFlag:function(){return i.deferredOptIn},getDeferredOptOutFlag:function(){return i.deferredOptOut},getRtCookieFromConfig:function(){return i.rtCookieFromConfig},getBwCookieFromConfig:function(){return i.bwCookieFromConfig},isOptedIn:function(){return!(!o.BOOMR_CONSENT_CONFIG.optInRequired||-1===document.cookie.indexOf(i.OPT_COOKIE+'="'+i.OPT_IN_COOKIE_VAL+'"'))},isOptedOut:function(){return-1!==document.cookie.indexOf(i.OPT_COOKIE+'="'+i.OPT_OUT_COOKIE_VAL+'"')}}}}}}(window);
</script><script id="preload-ads" type="text/javascript" src="/pf/resources/dist/ads/js/main.js?d=346" async="" data-onetrust-script-id="38cb75bd-fbe1-4ac8-b4af-e531ab368caf" data-deployment-id="346" data-is-admin="false"></script><script src="/pf/resources/dist/reuters/js/main.js?d=346" async="" data-config="{"API_ORIGIN":"https://api-reuters-reuters-prod.cdn.arcpublishing.com","ADMIN":false,"BUSINESS_COUNTRIES":[],"CHARTBEAT_CONFIG":{"title":"US eases some sanctions on Venezuelan oil industry","authors":"Timothy Gardner,Marianna Parraga","section":"Energy","type":"regular-article","domain":"reuters.com"},"DEPLOYMENT":"346","ELOQUA_SITE_ID":"2124157686","MAX_NUMBER_OF_UNICODE_CHARS":256,"ONETRUST_SCRIPT_ID":"38cb75bd-fbe1-4ac8-b4af-e531ab368caf","SEGMENT_WRITE_KEY":"IEWBqQ8VWHijTQxb7lEBGFGS9uIJzigZ","SEGMENT_WRITE_KEY_MOBILE":"YlmAIaFBxsNtlVJdfuSV0ncE931ghRtS","GRAPHICS_PLUGIN_IFRAME_URL":"https://sphinx.thomsonreuters.com/search/?consumer=PageBuilder#/search/graphic","COMSCORE_CLIENT_ID":"37296053","PAGE_CATEGORY":"Energy","PAGE_TYPE":""}"></script><script src="https://www.reuters.com/arc/subs/p.min.js" async=""></script><script type="application/javascript">
!function(a,b,c,d,e,f){a.ddjskey=e;a.ddoptions=f||null;var m=b.createElement(c),n=b.getElementsByTagName(c)[0];m.async=1,m.src=d,n.parentNode.insertBefore(m,n)}(window,document,"script","https://dd.reuters.com/tags.js","2013457ADA70C67D6A4123E0A76873", { ajaxListenerPath: true });
</script><script src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client" defer=""></script><script subscriptions-control="manual" src="https://news.google.com/swg/js/v1/swg.js" async=""></script><script src="https://news.google.com/swg/js/v1/swg-gaa.js" async=""></script><meta property="fb:app_id" content="988502044532272"/><meta property="fb:pages" content="114050161948682"/><meta name="robots" content="noarchive, max-image-preview:large"/><meta name="CCBot" content="nofollow"/><link href="https://www.googletagmanager.com" rel="preconnect"/><link href="https://connect.facebook.net" rel="preconnect"/><meta property="og:title" content="US eases some sanctions on Venezuelan oil industry"/><meta property="og:type" content="article"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/MJIV2HU2ENOUPFSPTLESCV2LKU.jpg?auth=e02c014ad3abae3ec84d4152c3e42fe5874579ec230a0c3e2b6aa68c896e016c&height=1005&width=1920&quality=80&smart=true"/><meta property="og:url" content="https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/us-eases-sanctions-venezuelan-oil-industry-2026-01-29/"/><meta property="og:description" content="The Trump administration on Thursday eased some sanctions on Venezuela's oil industry to encourage U.S. investment, after U.S. forces ousted the South American country's President Nicolas Maduro earlier this month."/><meta property="og:locale" content="en_US"/><meta property="og:site_name" content="Reuters"/><meta name="article:published_time" content="2026-01-29T21:59:02.329Z"/><meta name="article:modified_time" content="2026-01-30T01:48:16.378Z"/><meta name="article:author" content="Timothy Gardner,Marianna Parraga"/><meta name="article:section" content="Energy"/><meta name="article:tag" content="REPI:EXPLORATION-PRODUCTION,CLJ,CMPNY,COM,CRIM,CRU,CWP,DIP,DRU,ENER,ENFF,ENG,ENQSVC,ENR,EXPRO,EXPRO1,GASU,GEN,NARC,NGASD,NRG,OILG,OILI,OILQ,OILQ1,POL,PUBL,REFI,REFI1,SECUR,UTIL,AMERS,US,VE,NAMER,EMRG,LATAM,SAMER,REPI:REFINING,BACT,BIZ,CPROD,TRD,TRDEMB,XPAND,REPI:FUEL-OIL,TOPIC:MARKETS-COMMODITIES-ENERGY,ENERGY,DEST:OUSNRG,DEST:OUSTPM,DEST:OCATPM,RULES:VENEZUELA,PACKAGE:US-TOP-NEWS,ASIA,EUROP,LATCRU,NEWS1,REGS,ES,IN,IT,TOPIC:ENERGY-OIL-GAS,AMCRU,SASIA,WEU,EZC,EMEA,ASXPAC,TOPNWS,CU,CARIBN,TOPCMB"/><meta property="og:image:url" content="https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/MJIV2HU2ENOUPFSPTLESCV2LKU.jpg?auth=e02c014ad3abae3ec84d4152c3e42fe5874579ec230a0c3e2b6aa68c896e016c&height=1005&width=1920&quality=80&smart=true"/><meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"/><meta property="og:image:height" content="628"/><meta property="og:image:alt" content="Installations at the El Palito refinery of Venezuelan state oil company PDVSA, after the National Assembly approved a major reform of the country's main oil law, in Puerto Cabello, Venezuela, January 22, 2026. REUTERS/Gaby Oraa"/><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/><meta name="twitter:site" content="@Reuters"/><meta name="twitter:creator" content="@Reuters"/><meta name="twitter:description" content="The Trump administration on Thursday eased some sanctions on Venezuela's oil industry to encourage U.S. investment, after U.S. forces ousted the South American country's President Nicolas Maduro earlier this month."/><meta name="twitter:title" content="US eases some sanctions on Venezuelan oil industry"/><meta name="twitter:image" content="https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/MJIV2HU2ENOUPFSPTLESCV2LKU.jpg?auth=e02c014ad3abae3ec84d4152c3e42fe5874579ec230a0c3e2b6aa68c896e016c&height=1005&width=1920&quality=80&smart=true"/><meta name="twitter:image:alt" content="Installations at the El Palito refinery of Venezuelan state oil company PDVSA, after the National Assembly approved a major reform of the country's main oil law, in Puerto Cabello, Venezuela, January 22, 2026. REUTERS/Gaby Oraa"/><meta name="keywords" content="REPI:EXPLORATION-PRODUCTION,CLJ,CMPNY,COM,CRIM,CRU,CWP,DIP,DRU,ENER,ENFF,ENG,ENQSVC,ENR,EXPRO,EXPRO1,GASU,GEN,NARC,NGASD,NRG,OILG,OILI,OILQ,OILQ1,POL,PUBL,REFI,REFI1,SECUR,UTIL,AMERS,US,VE,NAMER,EMRG,LATAM,SAMER,REPI:REFINING,BACT,BIZ,CPROD,TRD,TRDEMB,XPAND,REPI:FUEL-OIL,TOPIC:MARKETS-COMMODITIES-ENERGY,ENERGY,DEST:OUSNRG,DEST:OUSTPM,DEST:OCATPM,RULES:VENEZUELA,PACKAGE:US-TOP-NEWS,ASIA,EUROP,LATCRU,NEWS1,REGS,ES,IN,IT,TOPIC:ENERGY-OIL-GAS,AMCRU,SASIA,WEU,EZC,EMEA,ASXPAC,TOPNWS,CU,CARIBN,TOPCMB"/><meta name="description" content="The Trump administration on Thursday eased some sanctions on Venezuela's oil industry to encourage U.S. investment, after U.S. forces ousted the South American country's President Nicolas Maduro earlier this month."/><meta property="fb:admins" content="988502044532272"/><meta property="og:locale:alternate" content="en_US"/><meta name="analyticsAttributes.topicChannel" content="Business"/><meta name="analyticsAttributes.topicSubChannel" content="Energy"/><meta name="DCSext.DartZone" content="/4735792/reuters.com/business/energy/article"/><meta name="DCSext.ChannelList" content="Business;World;Americas;Energy;Commodities;Emerging Markets"/><meta property="og:article:modified_time" content="2026-01-30T01:48:16.378Z"/><meta property="og:updated_time" content="2026-01-30T01:48:16.378Z"/><meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2026-01-29T21:59:02.329Z"/><meta name="article:content_tier" content="metered"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/us-eases-sanctions-venezuelan-oil-industry-2026-01-29/"/><meta name="title" content="US eases some sanctions on Venezuelan oil industry | Reuters"/><meta name="sophi-content-id" content="YDSSA5VK3NPR5FTEDUMIQLYOTU"/><meta name="ad:template" content="article"/><meta name="analytics:page_layout" content="regular-article"/><meta name="analytics:ad_layout" content="leaderboard, right rail, sponsored"/><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","image":["https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/MJIV2HU2ENOUPFSPTLESCV2LKU.jpg?auth=e02c014ad3abae3ec84d4152c3e42fe5874579ec230a0c3e2b6aa68c896e016c&height=1005&width=1920&quality=80&smart=true","https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/MJIV2HU2ENOUPFSPTLESCV2LKU.jpg?auth=e02c014ad3abae3ec84d4152c3e42fe5874579ec230a0c3e2b6aa68c896e016c&height=628&width=1200&quality=80&smart=true","https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/MJIV2HU2ENOUPFSPTLESCV2LKU.jpg?auth=e02c014ad3abae3ec84d4152c3e42fe5874579ec230a0c3e2b6aa68c896e016c&height=1920&width=1920&quality=80&smart=true","https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/MJIV2HU2ENOUPFSPTLESCV2LKU.jpg?auth=e02c014ad3abae3ec84d4152c3e42fe5874579ec230a0c3e2b6aa68c896e016c&height=1200&width=1200&quality=80&smart=true","https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/MJIV2HU2ENOUPFSPTLESCV2LKU.jpg?auth=e02c014ad3abae3ec84d4152c3e42fe5874579ec230a0c3e2b6aa68c896e016c&height=2400&width=1920&quality=80&smart=true","https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/MJIV2HU2ENOUPFSPTLESCV2LKU.jpg?auth=e02c014ad3abae3ec84d4152c3e42fe5874579ec230a0c3e2b6aa68c896e016c&height=1500&width=1200&quality=80&smart=true"],"@type":"NewsArticle","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/us-eases-sanctions-venezuelan-oil-industry-2026-01-29/"},"articleSection":"Energy","keywords":["REPI:EXPLORATION-PRODUCTION","CLJ","CMPNY","COM","CRIM","CRU","CWP","DIP","DRU","ENER","ENFF","ENG","ENQSVC","ENR","EXPRO","EXPRO1","GASU","GEN","NARC","NGASD","NRG","OILG","OILI","OILQ","OILQ1","POL","PUBL","REFI","REFI1","SECUR","UTIL","AMERS","US","VE","NAMER","EMRG","LATAM","SAMER","REPI:REFINING","BACT","BIZ","CPROD","TRD","TRDEMB","XPAND","REPI:FUEL-OIL","TOPIC:MARKETS-COMMODITIES-ENERGY","ENERGY","DEST:OUSNRG","DEST:OUSTPM","DEST:OCATPM","RULES:VENEZUELA","PACKAGE:US-TOP-NEWS","ASIA","EUROP","LATCRU","NEWS1","REGS","ES","IN","IT","TOPIC:ENERGY-OIL-GAS","AMCRU","SASIA","WEU","EZC","EMEA","ASXPAC","TOPNWS","CU","CARIBN","TOPCMB"],"headline":"US eases some sanctions on Venezuelan oil industry","description":"The Trump administration on Thursday eased some sanctions on Venezuela's oil industry to encourage U.S. investment, after U.S. forces ousted the South American country's President Nicolas Maduro earlier this month.","dateCreated":"2026-01-29T21:59:02.329Z","datePublished":"2026-01-29T21:59:02.329Z","dateModified":"2026-01-30T01:48:16.378Z","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Timothy Gardner","sameAs":"https://www.reuters.com/authors/timothy-gardner/","image":["https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fs3.amazonaws.com%2Farc-authors%2Freuters%2F1bb7724b-8fde-4826-bdd0-f0f535c72cd1.png?auth=7bbb8c4ffa85576094b8fc43b04397dae6367ec3080896a1c0ed9c2869edb43a&height=1005&width=1920&quality=80&smart=true","https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fs3.amazonaws.com%2Farc-authors%2Freuters%2F1bb7724b-8fde-4826-bdd0-f0f535c72cd1.png?auth=7bbb8c4ffa85576094b8fc43b04397dae6367ec3080896a1c0ed9c2869edb43a&height=628&width=1200&quality=80&smart=true","https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fs3.amazonaws.com%2Farc-authors%2Freuters%2F1bb7724b-8fde-4826-bdd0-f0f535c72cd1.png?auth=7bbb8c4ffa85576094b8fc43b04397dae6367ec3080896a1c0ed9c2869edb43a&height=1920&width=1920&quality=80&smart=true","https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fs3.amazonaws.com%2Farc-authors%2Freuters%2F1bb7724b-8fde-4826-bdd0-f0f535c72cd1.png?auth=7bbb8c4ffa85576094b8fc43b04397dae6367ec3080896a1c0ed9c2869edb43a&height=1200&width=1200&quality=80&smart=true","https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fs3.amazonaws.com%2Farc-authors%2Freuters%2F1bb7724b-8fde-4826-bdd0-f0f535c72cd1.png?auth=7bbb8c4ffa85576094b8fc43b04397dae6367ec3080896a1c0ed9c2869edb43a&height=2400&width=1920&quality=80&smart=true","https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fs3.amazonaws.com%2Farc-authors%2Freuters%2F1bb7724b-8fde-4826-bdd0-f0f535c72cd1.png?auth=7bbb8c4ffa85576094b8fc43b04397dae6367ec3080896a1c0ed9c2869edb43a&height=1500&width=1200&quality=80&smart=true"]},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marianna Parraga","sameAs":"https://www.reuters.com/authors/marianna-parraga/","image":["https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fs3.amazonaws.com%2Farc-authors%2Freuters%2F30e89cdb-f8b7-42a0-876b-459747be0bf2.png?auth=ae3edfc2050cce7acb606f71bc188a8e85e817a12f59260a210fe5bd6fb0d60a&height=1005&width=1920&quality=80&smart=true","https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fs3.amazonaws.com%2Farc-authors%2Freuters%2F30e89cdb-f8b7-42a0-876b-459747be0bf2.png?auth=ae3edfc2050cce7acb606f71bc188a8e85e817a12f59260a210fe5bd6fb0d60a&height=628&width=1200&quality=80&smart=true","https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fs3.amazonaws.com%2Farc-authors%2Freuters%2F30e89cdb-f8b7-42a0-876b-459747be0bf2.png?auth=ae3edfc2050cce7acb606f71bc188a8e85e817a12f59260a210fe5bd6fb0d60a&height=1920&width=1920&quality=80&smart=true","https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fs3.amazonaws.com%2Farc-authors%2Freuters%2F30e89cdb-f8b7-42a0-876b-459747be0bf2.png?auth=ae3edfc2050cce7acb606f71bc188a8e85e817a12f59260a210fe5bd6fb0d60a&height=1200&width=1200&quality=80&smart=true","https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fs3.amazonaws.com%2Farc-authors%2Freuters%2F30e89cdb-f8b7-42a0-876b-459747be0bf2.png?auth=ae3edfc2050cce7acb606f71bc188a8e85e817a12f59260a210fe5bd6fb0d60a&height=2400&width=1920&quality=80&smart=true","https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fs3.amazonaws.com%2Farc-authors%2Freuters%2F30e89cdb-f8b7-42a0-876b-459747be0bf2.png?auth=ae3edfc2050cce7acb606f71bc188a8e85e817a12f59260a210fe5bd6fb0d60a&height=1500&width=1200&quality=80&smart=true"]}],"isAccessibleForFree":false,"hasPart":{"@type":"WebPageElement","isAccessibleForFree":false,"cssSelector":".paywall-B064F03B"},"publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","name":"Reuters"},"isPartOf":{"@type":["CreativeWork","Product"],"name":"Reuters","productID":"CAowt6AM:showcase"}}</script><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@id":"https://www.reuters.com","@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","name":"Reuters","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://www.reuters.com/pf/resources/images/reuters/logo-vertical-default-512x512.png?d=346","width":"512","height":"512"},"sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/Reuters/","https://twitter.com/reuters","https://www.instagram.com/reuters/","https://www.linkedin.com/company/reuters2/","https://www.tiktok.com/@reuters","https://www.youtube.com/user/ReutersVideo"],"address":{"@type":"PostalAddress","addressLocality":"London, United Kingdom","postalCode":"E14 5AQ","streetAddress":"5 Canada Square, Canary Wharf"},"url":"https://www.reuters.com","publishingPrinciples":"https://www.thomsonreuters.com/en/about-us/trust-principles.html","verificationFactCheckingPolicy":"https://www.reuters.com/fact-check/about","correctionsPolicy":"https://www.reutersagency.com/en/about/standards-values/","ethicsPolicy":"https://ir.thomsonreuters.com/static-files/f4169de5-ee8c-4c28-9971-75b0baf97365","diversityPolicy":"https://www.thomsonreuters.com/en/about-us/social-impact/social-impact-and-esg-report-2022.html#c7_Diversity%20%20inclusion","parentOrganization":"https://www.thomsonreuters.com/en.html"}</script><style data-testid="font-face-reuters">
@font-face {
font-family: knowledge-light;
font-display: swap;
src: url(https://www.reuters.com/static/fonts/knowledge/knowledge-light.woff2) format(woff2),
url(https://www.reuters.com/static/fonts/knowledge/knowledge-light.woff) format(woff);
}
@font-face {
font-family: knowledge-regular;
font-display: swap;
src: url(https://www.reuters.com/static/fonts/knowledge/knowledge-regular.woff2) format(woff2),
url(https://www.reuters.com/static/fonts/knowledge/knowledge-regular.woff) format(woff);
}
@font-face {
font-family: knowledge-medium;
font-display: swap;
src: url(https://www.reuters.com/static/fonts/knowledge/knowledge-medium.woff2) format(woff2),
url(https://www.reuters.com/static/fonts/knowledge/knowledge-medium.woff) format(woff);
}
@font-face {
font-family: knowledge-bold;
font-display: swap;
src: url(https://www.reuters.com/static/fonts/knowledge/knowledge-bold.woff2) format(woff2),
url(https://www.reuters.com/static/fonts/knowledge/knowledge-bold.woff) format(woff);
}
</style><script type="application/javascript" id="polyfill-script">if(!Array.prototype.includes||!(window.Object && window.Object.assign)||!window.Promise||!window.Symbol||!window.fetch){document.write('<script type="application/javascript" src="/pf/dist/engine/polyfill.js?d=346&mxId=00000000" defer=""><\/script>')}</script><script id="fusion-engine-react-script" type="application/javascript" src="/pf/dist/engine/react.js?d=346&mxId=00000000" defer=""></script><script id="fusion-engine-combinations-script" type="application/javascript" src="/pf/dist/components/combinations/article.js?d=346&mxId=00000000" defer=""></script><link rel="stylesheet" href="/pf/resources/css/article.css?d=346"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/pf/resources/dist/reuters/css/style.css?d=346"/><link rel="manifest" href="https://www.reuters.com/site-api/manifest/"/><link href="/pf/resources/images/reuters/favicon/tr_fvcn_kinesis_32x32_v2.ico?d=346" rel="icon" sizes="any"/><link href="/pf/resources/images/reuters/favicon/tr_kinesis_v2.svg?d=346" rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml"/><link href="/pf/resources/images/reuters/favicon/tr_fvcn_kinesis_180x180_v2.png?d=346" rel="apple-touch-icon"/><script>
(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':
new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],
j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src=
'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);
})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K5WTBZN');
</script><script src="//tru.am/scripts/custom/reuters.js" async=""></script>
<script>(window.BOOMR_mq=window.BOOMR_mq||[]).push(["addVar",{"rua.upush":"false","rua.cpush":"false","rua.upre":"false","rua.cpre":"false","rua.uprl":"false","rua.cprl":"false","rua.cprf":"false","rua.trans":"","rua.cook":"false","rua.ims":"false","rua.ufprl":"false","rua.cfprl":"false","rua.isuxp":"false","rua.texp":"norulematch","rua.ceh":"false","rua.ueh":"false","rua.ieh.st":"0"}]);</script>
<script>!function(e){var n="https://s.go-mpulse.net/boomerang/";if("False"=="True")e.BOOMR_config=e.BOOMR_config||{},e.BOOMR_config.PageParams=e.BOOMR_config.PageParams||{},e.BOOMR_config.PageParams.pci=!0,n="https://s2.go-mpulse.net/boomerang/";if(window.BOOMR_API_key="GUXHP-DSJ3S-GQA6N-F2B3E-4TCYW",function(){function e(){if(!o){var e=document.createElement("script");e.id="boomr-scr-as",e.src=window.BOOMR.url,e.async=!0,i.parentNode.appendChild(e),o=!0}}function t(e){o=!0;var n,t,a,r,d=document,O=window;if(window.BOOMR.snippetMethod=e?"if":"i",t=function(e,n){var t=d.createElement("script");t.id=n||"boomr-if-as",t.src=window.BOOMR.url,BOOMR_lstart=(new Date).getTime(),e=e||d.body,e.appendChild(t)},!window.addEventListener&&window.attachEvent&&navigator.userAgent.match(/MSIE [67]\./))return window.BOOMR.snippetMethod="s",void t(i.parentNode,"boomr-async");a=document.createElement("IFRAME"),a.src="about:blank",a.title="",a.role="presentation",a.loading="eager",r=(a.frameElement||a).style,r.width=0,r.height=0,r.border=0,r.display="none",i.parentNode.appendChild(a);try{O=a.contentWindow,d=O.document.open()}catch(_){n=document.domain,a.src="javascript:var d=document.open();d.domain='"+n+"';void(0);",O=a.contentWindow,d=O.document.open()}if(n)d._boomrl=function(){this.domain=n,t()},d.write("<bo"+"dy onload='document._boomrl();'>");else if(O._boomrl=function(){t()},O.addEventListener)O.addEventListener("load",O._boomrl,!1);else if(O.attachEvent)O.attachEvent("onload",O._boomrl);d.close()}function a(e){window.BOOMR_onload=e&&e.timeStamp||(new Date).getTime()}if(!window.BOOMR||!window.BOOMR.version&&!window.BOOMR.snippetExecuted){window.BOOMR=window.BOOMR||{},window.BOOMR.snippetStart=(new Date).getTime(),window.BOOMR.snippetExecuted=!0,window.BOOMR.snippetVersion=12,window.BOOMR.url=n+"GUXHP-DSJ3S-GQA6N-F2B3E-4TCYW";var i=document.currentScript||document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0],o=!1,r=document.createElement("link");if(r.relList&&"function"==typeof r.relList.supports&&r.relList.supports("preload")&&"as"in r)window.BOOMR.snippetMethod="p",r.href=window.BOOMR.url,r.rel="preload",r.as="script",r.addEventListener("load",e),r.addEventListener("error",function(){t(!0)}),setTimeout(function(){if(!o)t(!0)},3e3),BOOMR_lstart=(new Date).getTime(),i.parentNode.appendChild(r);else t(!1);if(window.addEventListener)window.addEventListener("load",a,!1);else if(window.attachEvent)window.attachEvent("onload",a)}}(),"".length>0)if(e&&"performance"in e&&e.performance&&"function"==typeof e.performance.setResourceTimingBufferSize)e.performance.setResourceTimingBufferSize();!function(){if(BOOMR=e.BOOMR||{},BOOMR.plugins=BOOMR.plugins||{},!BOOMR.plugins.AK){var n=""=="true"?1:0,t="",a="aowaczdijwqmm2l4eitq-f-5688928b5-clientnsv4-s.akamaihd.net",i="false"=="true"?2:1,o={"ak.v":"39","ak.cp":"1101835","ak.ai":parseInt("656997",10),"ak.ol":"0","ak.cr":1,"ak.ipv":4,"ak.proto":"http/1.1","ak.rid":"aec030d9","ak.r":41443,"ak.a2":n,"ak.m":"dscr","ak.n":"ff","ak.bpcip":"104.28.216.0","ak.cport":9172,"ak.gh":"104.80.194.217","ak.quicv":"","ak.tlsv":"tls1.3","ak.0rtt":"","ak.0rtt.ed":"","ak.csrc":"-","ak.acc":"bbr","ak.t":"1769742887","ak.ak":"hOBiQwZUYzCg5VSAfCLimQ==IyV5w3NI4sbzpLTaeWD3byEIdKWWHNPMyQvcT2iR/w1zevceUzA8QEuMTUysO613+wUr/4DpnpN3haILVXXEUD9bkdggEyfeNQcNuzAM05PNt06r15/yqGl368u022sRANKQNzWRjsC8bE8tQBxIeSA1nf0XmYCKq+HLCRYfOAZrdTiPgLiaaN6s/9DQ8rM6xtoiRAmsgKr5VVTziBdQEHVAbZuRgRQYCJ4rw0aP+QgV+TBQvQZg156gHcOALmXILF8wybtSX0u65kSX3KA4IAL5IItruVxGQ+FR8QumJucishSSRtHuK50EdIreF1H4Scx+pdUWWcLeyQh25957U9pl0DaLBWyzigx+pTnVxyrUPkvG5hnNU2qZuGop08SFyCaIXitJsg7Iv6Y4SjlXEquazlkgh2KQrHcHpOJr4rs=","ak.pv":"83","ak.dpoabenc":"","ak.tf":i};if(""!==t)o["ak.ruds"]=t;var r={i:!1,av:function(n){var t="http.initiator";if(n&&(!n[t]||"spa_hard"===n[t]))o["ak.feo"]=void 0!==e.aFeoApplied?1:0,BOOMR.addVar(o)},rv:function(){var e=["ak.bpcip","ak.cport","ak.cr","ak.csrc","ak.gh","ak.ipv","ak.m","ak.n","ak.ol","ak.proto","ak.quicv","ak.tlsv","ak.0rtt","ak.0rtt.ed","ak.r","ak.acc","ak.t","ak.tf"];BOOMR.removeVar(e)}};BOOMR.plugins.AK={akVars:o,akDNSPreFetchDomain:a,init:function(){if(!r.i){var e=BOOMR.subscribe;e("before_beacon",r.av,null,null),e("onbeacon",r.rv,null,null),r.i=!0}return this},is_complete:function(){return!0}}}}()}(window);</script></head><body><div id="fusion-app" class="fusion-app"><a href="#main-content" style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap" class="button-module__link__A3sD0 button-module__secondary__70gBu button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F text-button-module__container__i-tuI" data-testid="SkippableButton"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY"><span data-testid="Text" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__bold__chuBM text-module__button_label__4BCvX text-button-module__btn-text__DeEhy text-button-module__button_label__0SF4u">Skip to main content</span></span></a><div data-testid="LeaderboardSpace" class="leaderboard-space-module__leaderboard-space__VFflk"></div><div data-testid="RefinitivPromoBar" class="refinitiv-promo-bar-module__container__lbSKl" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="refinitiv-promo-bar-module__inner__5VwdI"><a data-testid="RefinitivPromoBarContent" aria-label="Exclusive news, data and analytics for financial market professionals from LSEG." referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/differentiator/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__white__kE5Pf text-module__bold__chuBM text-module__extra_small__8Buss link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC refinitiv-promo-bar-module__content__VB2d1"><span class="refinitiv-promo-bar-module__long__mtM5O">Exclusive news, data and analytics for financial market professionals</span><span class="refinitiv-promo-bar-module__short__ZE4X0">Learn more about<span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">Refinitiv</span></span><div data-testid="logoContainer" class="refinitiv-promo-bar-module__logo__0AamO"><svg class="lseg-logo-module__image__gMToG" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 54 20" role="presentation" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path fill="#001EFF" d="M0 0h53.265v20H0z"></path><g fill="#fff" clip-path="url(#a)"><path d="M15.55 15.815H8v-.083c.138-.24.25-.581.332-1.034.083-.452.13-.923.13-1.43V6.742a7.93 7.93 0 0 0-.13-1.431C8.25 4.858 8.138 4.517 8 4.277v-.083h3.295v.083c-.138.24-.249.581-.332 1.034-.083.452-.13.923-.13 1.43v7.367h1.062a10.9 10.9 0 0 0 2.022-.167 5.576 5.576 0 0 0 1.542-.507h.082v2.372h.01v.01Zm8.715-3.35c0 1.089-.388 1.957-1.163 2.584-.776.628-1.837.951-3.176.951a9.028 9.028 0 0 1-1.717-.175 6.87 6.87 0 0 1-1.56-.508v-2.548h.065c.554.517 1.098.877 1.615 1.099a4.23 4.23 0 0 0 1.68.332c.6 0 1.08-.12 1.403-.35.323-.232.48-.573.48-1.016 0-.277-.064-.508-.194-.702-.129-.194-.35-.369-.655-.526a5.603 5.603 0 0 0-.415-.212 19.924 19.924 0 0 0-1.071-.434c-.619-.24-1.08-.443-1.403-.619a3.689 3.689 0 0 1-.803-.544 2.743 2.743 0 0 1-.711-.97c-.157-.369-.23-.784-.23-1.264 0-1.108.378-1.975 1.135-2.603.756-.628 1.79-.96 3.101-.96.49 0 .96.046 1.412.13.453.082.859.202 1.237.368v2.354h-.064a5.192 5.192 0 0 0-1.311-.803 3.49 3.49 0 0 0-1.339-.258c-.581 0-1.024.12-1.329.36-.304.24-.461.581-.461 1.024 0 .277.064.508.194.702.129.194.35.37.655.526.11.065.258.139.415.212.157.074.517.222 1.071.434.619.24 1.08.443 1.403.619.323.175.59.35.803.544.314.287.554.61.711.979.157.36.23.784.23 1.264h-.008v.01Zm9.323 3.35h-7.81v-.083c.139-.24.25-.581.333-1.034a7.86 7.86 0 0 0 .13-1.43V6.742c0-.499-.047-.979-.13-1.431-.083-.453-.194-.794-.332-1.034v-.083h7.393V6.4h-.055c-.323-.166-.748-.295-1.274-.378-.526-.084-1.163-.12-1.883-.12h-1.348v3.027h1.311c.536 0 .997-.018 1.394-.055.397-.037.775-.092 1.135-.166h.065v2.252h-.065a6.716 6.716 0 0 0-1.089-.166 20.389 20.389 0 0 0-1.43-.046h-1.311v3.35h1.31c.767 0 1.44-.055 2.04-.166.6-.11 1.108-.267 1.533-.489h.083v2.372Zm8.169.185c-2.012 0-3.628-.545-4.846-1.625-1.21-1.08-1.819-2.529-1.819-4.338 0-1.81.573-3.295 1.708-4.394C37.935 4.553 39.468 4 41.397 4c.572 0 1.126.055 1.68.157.554.101 1.015.24 1.394.406v2.372h-.065a3.982 3.982 0 0 0-1.366-.812 5.001 5.001 0 0 0-1.67-.286c-1.21 0-2.152.36-2.816 1.08-.674.72-1.006 1.726-1.006 3.028 0 1.301.36 2.381 1.089 3.12.73.738 1.763 1.098 3.11 1.098.185 0 .36 0 .536-.028.175-.018.35-.046.517-.073V11.19c-.48 0-.886.018-1.228.046a5.984 5.984 0 0 0-.96.148h-.083V9.178h.083c.36.065.73.12 1.08.148.36.028.766.046 1.219.046h2.354v.065c-.056.138-.102.35-.139.628a8.049 8.049 0 0 0-.055 1.024v2.751c0 .341 0 .637.037.895.018.259.055.462.101.628v.065c-.489.157-1.061.295-1.717.397-.655.11-1.237.166-1.754.166h.019V16Z"></path></g><defs><clipPath id="a"><path fill="#fff" d="M8 4h37.265v12H8z"></path></clipPath></defs></svg></div></a></div></div><header data-testid="SiteHeader" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="site-header-module__container__ZZlrq site-header-module__show-nav__qS8U9 site-header-module__with-mobile-leaderboard__spZcP" style="--subnav-height:0px"><div class="site-header-module__scroll-container__x89h3"><div class="site-header-module__inner__ZZHFU site-header-module__inner-sticky__z3NK8"><div class="site-header-module__main-bar__pqa3o"><div class="site-header-module__logo-container__sMMjk"><a class="site-header-module__logo__1onpi" aria-label="Reuters home" href="/"><span data-testid="ReutersLogo"><svg aria-hidden="true" role="presentation" focusable="false" viewBox="0 0 147 40" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="#212223" d="M46.938 9.77h8.241c4.453 0 7.432 2.597 7.432 6.652 0 2.571-1.36 4.624-3.469 5.623l3.989 7.709H58.33l-3.415-6.71h-3.643v6.71h-4.34V9.77h.005zm4.34 3.567v6.138h3.559c2.053 0 3.353-1.199 3.353-3.056s-1.3-3.084-3.353-3.084h-3.559v.002zm12.473 9.105c0-4.569 3.035-7.535 7.633-7.535s7.461 2.739 7.519 7.05c0 .43-.028.912-.116 1.371H68v.198c.087 2.083 1.445 3.34 3.499 3.34 1.65 0 2.805-.714 3.153-2.083h4.021c-.464 2.855-3.035 5.139-7 5.139-4.946 0-7.922-2.94-7.922-7.48h.002-.001zm11.046-1.743c-.29-1.799-1.535-2.797-3.385-2.797s-3.095 1.057-3.325 2.797h6.71zm15.891-5.618h4.079v14.674h-3.615l-.374-1.771c-.954 1.141-2.254 1.941-4.368 1.941-3.063 0-5.9-1.513-5.9-6.71v-8.136h4.079v7.593c0 2.626.87 3.912 2.893 3.912s3.209-1.455 3.209-4.168v-7.337h-.002l.002.002h-.001zm6.491-4.101h4.079v4.11h3.385v3.398h-3.385v6.425c0 1.028.406 1.455 1.445 1.455h2.11v3.396h-3.385c-2.835 0-4.251-1.397-4.251-4.195V10.982l.002-.002zm8.306 11.462c0-4.569 3.035-7.535 7.636-7.535s7.461 2.739 7.519 7.05a7.77 7.77 0 0 1-.116 1.371h-10.788v.198c.084 2.083 1.445 3.34 3.499 3.34 1.649 0 2.805-.714 3.156-2.083h4.017c-.464 2.855-3.035 5.139-6.997 5.139-4.946 0-7.926-2.94-7.926-7.48zm11.05-1.743c-.29-1.799-1.535-2.797-3.385-2.797s-3.095 1.057-3.325 2.797h6.71zm14.97-5.62v3.656h-1.619c-2.431 0-3.354 1.597-3.354 3.826v7.194h-4.078V15.081h3.701l.377 2.196c.81-1.313 1.964-2.196 4.279-2.196h.694v-.002zm4.526 9.794c.145 1.284 1.271 2.169 3.269 2.169 1.705 0 2.747-.543 2.747-1.569 0-1.199-1.01-1.284-3.412-1.597-3.472-.4-6.162-1.171-6.162-4.195s2.575-4.825 6.39-4.795c3.989 0 6.74 1.743 6.942 4.737H141.9c-.113-1.171-1.244-1.885-2.891-1.885s-2.631.572-2.631 1.513c0 1.115 1.273 1.229 3.414 1.485 3.415.342 6.248 1.115 6.248 4.426 0 2.91-2.777 4.767-6.768 4.767s-6.939-1.915-7.115-5.051h3.875-.002v-.005h.001z"></path><path fill="#D64000" d="M34.579 5.368a2.69 2.69 0 0 1 .791 1.911 2.68 2.68 0 0 1-.791 1.911 2.7 2.7 0 0 1-3.817 0 2.69 2.69 0 0 1-.791-1.911c0-.723.279-1.401.791-1.911a2.69 2.69 0 0 1 1.909-.792c.691 0 1.384.264 1.909.792h-.001zM5.378 34.624a2.71 2.71 0 0 1 0-3.821 2.68 2.68 0 0 1 1.909-.792 2.67 2.67 0 0 1 1.909.792 2.71 2.71 0 0 1 0 3.821 2.68 2.68 0 0 1-1.909.792c-.72 0-1.4-.28-1.909-.792zM25.955 5.58l-.019-.008c-.574-.243-1.023-.694-1.26-1.272a2.34 2.34 0 0 1 0-1.811 2.36 2.36 0 0 1 1.279-1.28c.293-.121.598-.182.905-.182a2.34 2.34 0 0 1 .904.182A2.37 2.37 0 0 1 29.042 4.3c-.498 1.206-1.883 1.779-3.087 1.28zM13.108 34.239c.306 0 .611.061.902.179a2.37 2.37 0 0 1 1.279 3.091 2.35 2.35 0 0 1-1.279 1.28c-.583.243-1.223.243-1.809 0a2.37 2.37 0 0 1-1.279-3.091 2.35 2.35 0 0 1 2.184-1.462l.002.002zm8.895-32.212c0 1.087-.86 1.977-1.932 2.027h-.092a2.03 2.03 0 0 1-2.025-2.027A2.03 2.03 0 0 1 19.978 0c1.115 0 2.025.914 2.025 2.029v-.002zm-4.052 35.946a2.03 2.03 0 0 1 2.025-2.027 2.03 2.03 0 0 1 2.025 2.027A2.03 2.03 0 0 1 19.976 40a2.03 2.03 0 0 1-2.025-2.027zM13.76 4.956a1.68 1.68 0 0 1-1.292 0 1.67 1.67 0 0 1-.915-.916 1.69 1.69 0 0 1 .915-2.209 1.67 1.67 0 0 1 .643-.129c.664 0 1.292.396 1.563 1.045.172.42.172.879 0 1.293a1.66 1.66 0 0 1-.915.916zm12.436 30.087a1.69 1.69 0 0 1 .649-.132 1.72 1.72 0 0 1 .645.129c.419.174.744.499.915.916a1.69 1.69 0 0 1 0 1.293 1.66 1.66 0 0 1-.915.916 1.69 1.69 0 0 1-1.294 0 1.66 1.66 0 0 1-.915-.916c-.172-.42-.172-.876 0-1.293s.496-.742.915-.913v.001zM8.239 6.342c.52.52.527 1.357.026 1.887l-.03.03a1.36 1.36 0 0 1-1.915 0 1.36 1.36 0 0 1 0-1.916 1.35 1.35 0 0 1 1.915 0h.002l.001-.001zM31.703 31.75a1.34 1.34 0 0 1 .954-.396 1.35 1.35 0 0 1 .957.396c.256.254.395.594.395.955a1.35 1.35 0 0 1-2.308.958 1.35 1.35 0 0 1-.395-.958c0-.359.14-.699.395-.955h.002zM2.747 14.682c-.862-.357-1.271-1.349-.915-2.209a1.66 1.66 0 0 1 .915-.916 1.75 1.75 0 0 1 .649-.129 1.68 1.68 0 0 1 .645.129c.862.357 1.271 1.349.915 2.209a1.66 1.66 0 0 1-.915.916 1.68 1.68 0 0 1-1.292 0h-.002zm34.469 10.642a1.66 1.66 0 0 1 .915.916c.172.42.172.876 0 1.293a1.69 1.69 0 0 1-2.207.914 1.66 1.66 0 0 1-.915-.916c-.172-.42-.172-.876 0-1.293.269-.649.899-1.043 1.563-1.043a1.7 1.7 0 0 1 .643.129zM0 20.011a2.03 2.03 0 0 1 2.025-2.027 2.03 2.03 0 0 1 2.025 2.027 2.03 2.03 0 0 1-2.025 2.027A2.03 2.03 0 0 1 0 20.011zm35.907 0a2.03 2.03 0 0 1 2.025-2.027 2.03 2.03 0 0 1 2.025 2.027 2.03 2.03 0 0 1-2.025 2.027 2.03 2.03 0 0 1-2.025-2.027zM1.199 27.783a2.37 2.37 0 0 1 1.279-3.091c.583-.243 1.223-.243 1.808 0a2.36 2.36 0 0 1 1.279 1.28 2.34 2.34 0 0 1 0 1.811 2.36 2.36 0 0 1-1.279 1.28c-.583.243-1.223.243-1.808 0a2.36 2.36 0 0 1-1.279-1.28zm33.174-13.759a2.36 2.36 0 0 1 1.279-3.087 2.31 2.31 0 0 1 .899-.182c.928 0 1.809.549 2.186 1.459a2.37 2.37 0 0 1-1.279 3.091c-.583.243-1.223.243-1.808 0s-1.036-.697-1.279-1.28h.002v-.001zm-8.65 11.726a1.9 1.9 0 0 0 0 2.684c.741.742 1.943.742 2.684 0a1.88 1.88 0 0 0 .556-1.341 1.88 1.88 0 0 0-.556-1.34c-.37-.37-.854-.555-1.339-.555a1.91 1.91 0 0 0-1.344.551v.001zM9.902 18.851c-.802-.213-1.276-1.039-1.062-1.842a1.5 1.5 0 0 1 .701-.914 1.48 1.48 0 0 1 .746-.204c.129 0 .261.015.391.05.387.105.712.353.912.702s.253.755.15 1.143a1.5 1.5 0 0 1-1.84 1.063h.002zm19.37 5.197c-.387-.105-.712-.353-.912-.702s-.253-.755-.15-1.143a1.5 1.5 0 0 1 .701-.914 1.49 1.49 0 0 1 .748-.203 1.52 1.52 0 0 1 .322.034l.071.019c.802.213 1.276 1.043 1.062 1.842a1.5 1.5 0 0 1-.701.913c-.348.2-.754.256-1.141.151v.002.001zm-20.14-1.14a1.21 1.21 0 0 1 .783-1.457l.069-.019c.641-.174 1.302.211 1.474.852.084.312.043.636-.121.916a1.21 1.21 0 0 1-.731.562c-.309.084-.632.042-.915-.122a1.21 1.21 0 0 1-.561-.731l.002-.002zm19.923-4.455l-.052-.032c-.251-.164-.43-.409-.507-.699-.172-.644.208-1.304.851-1.478s1.302.211 1.474.852-.208 1.304-.851 1.476c-.311.084-.632.039-.915-.121v.002zm-15.496 9.233l-.034.034c-.353.353-.928.353-1.281 0s-.353-.927 0-1.28.928-.353 1.281 0a.9.9 0 0 1 .266.641.89.89 0 0 1-.232.604v.001zm14.142-15.427a.9.9 0 0 1 0 1.282c-.353.353-.928.353-1.281 0a.9.9 0 0 1 0-1.282c.171-.172.398-.267.641-.267s.469.092.641.264v.002l-.001.001zm-9.277 16.83c.161.277.203.604.121.916s-.282.57-.561.731-.604.203-.915.121c-.641-.172-1.023-.834-.851-1.475.084-.312.282-.57.561-.731a1.2 1.2 0 0 1 .915-.122c.311.084.57.282.731.562v-.002l-.001-.001zm3.1-18.173c-.161-.277-.204-.604-.122-.916s.282-.57.561-.731a1.21 1.21 0 0 1 .598-.161c.105 0 .208.013.314.039a1.19 1.19 0 0 1 .73.562c.161.277.204.604.122.916-.172.641-.833 1.024-1.474.852a1.19 1.19 0 0 1-.73-.562zm1.808 17.48l.064.037a1.5 1.5 0 0 1 .636.873c.213.802-.262 1.628-1.062 1.842-.391.106-.793.05-1.141-.15s-.596-.525-.701-.913a1.5 1.5 0 0 1 1.062-1.846 1.58 1.58 0 0 1 .393-.05 1.49 1.49 0 0 1 .748.203l.002.002v.001zm-5.56-16.633a1.51 1.51 0 0 1-1.84-1.063c-.213-.802.261-1.628 1.062-1.842a1.52 1.52 0 0 1 .387-.05c.664 0 1.273.443 1.453 1.114.213.802-.262 1.628-1.062 1.842zm-4.883 3.022c1.046 0 1.893-.848 1.893-1.895s-.848-1.895-1.893-1.895-1.893.848-1.893 1.895.848 1.895 1.893 1.895z"></path></svg></span></a></div><div class="site-header-module__nav-bar__P5Xno"><nav aria-label="Main"><ul class="nav-bar-module__nav-list__QcaFB"><li class="nav-bar-module__nav-item__EUpy4 nav-bar-module__category__bRFMO"><div class="nav-bar-module__nav-button__mCZoN"><a data-testid="Body" href="/world/" data-nav="World" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__graphite__fZRmg text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__extra_small__8Buss body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__extra_small_body__Bfz20 link">World</a><button data-testid="DropDownButton" type="button" class="nav-bar-module__button__YVhxE" tabindex="0" data-react-aria-pressable="true" aria-label="World" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 15 9" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="SvgChevronDown" class="nav-bar-module__arrow__D1LfD chevron-down"><path d="M14.093.337c-.411-.45-1.028-.45-1.44 0L7.2 6.3 1.749.337c-.411-.45-1.028-.45-1.44 0a1.16 1.16 0 0 0 0 1.576l6.171 6.75c.206.225.515.337.72.337.205 0 .515-.112.72-.338l6.172-6.75a1.16 1.16 0 0 0 0-1.575h.001Z"></path></svg></button></div><div class="nav-bar-module__hidden__1Qi40" data-testid="sectionDropdownContainer"><span data-focus-scope-start="true" hidden=""></span><div data-testid="World" class="nav-bar-module__dropdown__bsmM6" id="react-aria-:R1deam:"><div class="nav-dropdown-module__container__X8zm-" data-testid="NavDropdownContainer"><div class="nav-dropdown-module__inner__VS6zv"><div class="nav-dropdown-module__submenu__-HR75"><div class="nav-dropdown-module__inner__VS6zv"><h2 data-testid="Heading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6__-zrtS"><a data-testid="SectionDropdown" href="/world/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__graphite__fZRmg text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__body__9d61E body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__body_alt__0ewNU nav-dropdown-module__section-link__Mvj6r">Browse World</a></h2><div class="nav-dropdown-module__sections__i94UN"><ul class="nav-dropdown-module__sections-group__CPSAa"><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/world/africa/" data-subnav="World_Africa" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Africa</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/world/americas/" data-subnav="World_Americas" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Americas</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/world/asia-pacific/" data-subnav="World_Asia Pacific" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Asia Pacific</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/world/china/" data-subnav="World_China" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">China</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/world/europe/" data-subnav="World_Europe" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Europe</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/world/india/" data-subnav="World_India" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">India</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/world/israel-hamas/" data-subnav="World_Israel and Hamas at War" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Israel and Hamas at War</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/world/japan/" data-subnav="World_Japan" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Japan</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/world/middle-east/" data-subnav="World_Middle East" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Middle East</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/world/ukraine-russia-war/" data-subnav="World_Ukraine and Russia at War" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Ukraine and Russia at War</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/world/uk/" data-subnav="World_United Kingdom" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">United Kingdom</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/world/us/" data-subnav="World_United States" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">United States</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/world/reuters-next/" data-subnav="World_Reuters NEXT New York" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Reuters NEXT New York</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></div><span data-focus-scope-end="true" hidden=""></span></div></li><li class="nav-bar-module__nav-item__EUpy4 nav-bar-module__category__bRFMO"><div class="nav-bar-module__nav-button__mCZoN"><a data-testid="Body" href="/business/" data-nav="Business" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__graphite__fZRmg text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__extra_small__8Buss body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__extra_small_body__Bfz20 link">Business</a><button data-testid="DropDownButton" type="button" class="nav-bar-module__button__YVhxE" tabindex="0" data-react-aria-pressable="true" aria-label="Business" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 15 9" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="SvgChevronDown" class="nav-bar-module__arrow__D1LfD chevron-down"><path d="M14.093.337c-.411-.45-1.028-.45-1.44 0L7.2 6.3 1.749.337c-.411-.45-1.028-.45-1.44 0a1.16 1.16 0 0 0 0 1.576l6.171 6.75c.206.225.515.337.72.337.205 0 .515-.112.72-.338l6.172-6.75a1.16 1.16 0 0 0 0-1.575h.001Z"></path></svg></button></div><div class="nav-bar-module__hidden__1Qi40" data-testid="sectionDropdownContainer"><span data-focus-scope-start="true" hidden=""></span><div data-testid="Business" class="nav-bar-module__dropdown__bsmM6" id="react-aria-:R2deam:"><div class="nav-dropdown-module__container__X8zm-" data-testid="NavDropdownContainer"><div class="nav-dropdown-module__inner__VS6zv"><div class="nav-dropdown-module__submenu__-HR75"><div class="nav-dropdown-module__inner__VS6zv"><h2 data-testid="Heading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6__-zrtS"><a data-testid="SectionDropdown" href="/business/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__graphite__fZRmg text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__body__9d61E body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__body_alt__0ewNU nav-dropdown-module__section-link__Mvj6r">Browse Business</a></h2><div class="nav-dropdown-module__sections__i94UN"><ul class="nav-dropdown-module__sections-group__CPSAa"><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/business/aerospace-defense/" data-subnav="Business_Aerospace & Defense" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Aerospace & Defense</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/business/autos-transportation/" data-subnav="Business_Autos & Transportation" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Autos & Transportation</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/business/davos/" data-subnav="Business_Davos" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Davos</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/business/energy/" data-subnav="Business_Energy" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Energy</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/business/environment/" data-subnav="Business_Environment" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Environment</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/business/finance/" data-subnav="Business_Finance" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Finance</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/" data-subnav="Business_Healthcare & Pharmaceuticals" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Healthcare & Pharmaceuticals</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/business/media-telecom/" data-subnav="Business_Media & Telecom" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Media & Telecom</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/business/retail-consumer/" data-subnav="Business_Retail & Consumer" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Retail & Consumer</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/business/future-of-health/" data-subnav="Business_Future of Health" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Future of Health</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/business/future-of-money/" data-subnav="Business_Future of Money" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Future of Money</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/business/take-five/" data-subnav="Business_Take Five" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Take Five</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/business/world-at-work/" data-subnav="Business_World at Work" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">World at Work</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></div><span data-focus-scope-end="true" hidden=""></span></div></li><li class="nav-bar-module__nav-item__EUpy4 nav-bar-module__category__bRFMO"><div class="nav-bar-module__nav-button__mCZoN"><a data-testid="Body" href="/markets/" data-nav="Markets" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__graphite__fZRmg text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__extra_small__8Buss body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__extra_small_body__Bfz20 link">Markets</a><button data-testid="DropDownButton" type="button" class="nav-bar-module__button__YVhxE" tabindex="0" data-react-aria-pressable="true" aria-label="Markets" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 15 9" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="SvgChevronDown" class="nav-bar-module__arrow__D1LfD chevron-down"><path d="M14.093.337c-.411-.45-1.028-.45-1.44 0L7.2 6.3 1.749.337c-.411-.45-1.028-.45-1.44 0a1.16 1.16 0 0 0 0 1.576l6.171 6.75c.206.225.515.337.72.337.205 0 .515-.112.72-.338l6.172-6.75a1.16 1.16 0 0 0 0-1.575h.001Z"></path></svg></button></div><div class="nav-bar-module__hidden__1Qi40" data-testid="sectionDropdownContainer"><span data-focus-scope-start="true" hidden=""></span><div data-testid="Markets" class="nav-bar-module__dropdown__bsmM6" id="react-aria-:R3deam:"><div class="nav-dropdown-module__container__X8zm-" data-testid="NavDropdownContainer"><div class="nav-dropdown-module__inner__VS6zv"><div class="nav-dropdown-module__submenu__-HR75"><div class="nav-dropdown-module__inner__VS6zv"><h2 data-testid="Heading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6__-zrtS"><a data-testid="SectionDropdown" href="/markets/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__graphite__fZRmg text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__body__9d61E body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__body_alt__0ewNU nav-dropdown-module__section-link__Mvj6r">Browse Markets</a></h2><div class="nav-dropdown-module__sections__i94UN"><ul class="nav-dropdown-module__sections-group__CPSAa"><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/markets/on-the-money/" data-subnav="Markets_On the Money" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">On the Money</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/markets/asia/" data-subnav="Markets_Asian Markets" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Asian Markets</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/markets/carbon/" data-subnav="Markets_Carbon Markets" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Carbon Markets</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/markets/commodities/" data-subnav="Markets_Commodities" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Commodities</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/markets/currencies/" data-subnav="Markets_Currencies" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Currencies</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/markets/deals/" data-subnav="Markets_Deals" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Deals</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/markets/emerging/" data-subnav="Markets_Emerging Markets" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Emerging Markets</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/markets/etf/" data-subnav="Markets_ETFs" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">ETFs</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/markets/europe/" data-subnav="Markets_European Markets" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">European Markets</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/markets/funds/" data-subnav="Markets_Funds" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Funds</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/markets/global-market-data/" data-subnav="Markets_Global Market Data" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Global Market Data</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/markets/rates-bonds/" data-subnav="Markets_Rates & Bonds" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Rates & Bonds</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/markets/stocks/" data-subnav="Markets_Stocks" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Stocks</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/markets/us/" data-subnav="Markets_U.S. Markets" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">U.S. Markets</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/markets/wealth/" data-subnav="Markets_Wealth" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Wealth</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/markets/econ-world/" data-subnav="Markets_Econ World" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Econ World</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></div><span data-focus-scope-end="true" hidden=""></span></div></li><li class="nav-bar-module__nav-item__EUpy4 nav-bar-module__category__bRFMO"><div class="nav-bar-module__nav-button__mCZoN"><a data-testid="Body" href="/sustainability/" data-nav="Sustainability" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__graphite__fZRmg text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__extra_small__8Buss body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__extra_small_body__Bfz20 link">Sustainability</a><button data-testid="DropDownButton" type="button" class="nav-bar-module__button__YVhxE" tabindex="0" data-react-aria-pressable="true" aria-label="Sustainability" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 15 9" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="SvgChevronDown" class="nav-bar-module__arrow__D1LfD chevron-down"><path d="M14.093.337c-.411-.45-1.028-.45-1.44 0L7.2 6.3 1.749.337c-.411-.45-1.028-.45-1.44 0a1.16 1.16 0 0 0 0 1.576l6.171 6.75c.206.225.515.337.72.337.205 0 .515-.112.72-.338l6.172-6.75a1.16 1.16 0 0 0 0-1.575h.001Z"></path></svg></button></div><div class="nav-bar-module__hidden__1Qi40" data-testid="sectionDropdownContainer"><span data-focus-scope-start="true" hidden=""></span><div data-testid="Sustainability" class="nav-bar-module__dropdown__bsmM6" id="react-aria-:R4deam:"><div class="nav-dropdown-module__container__X8zm-" data-testid="NavDropdownContainer"><div class="nav-dropdown-module__inner__VS6zv"><div class="nav-dropdown-module__submenu__-HR75"><div class="nav-dropdown-module__inner__VS6zv"><h2 data-testid="Heading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6__-zrtS"><a data-testid="SectionDropdown" href="/sustainability/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__graphite__fZRmg text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__body__9d61E body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__body_alt__0ewNU nav-dropdown-module__section-link__Mvj6r">Browse Sustainability</a></h2><div class="nav-dropdown-module__sections__i94UN"><ul class="nav-dropdown-module__sections-group__CPSAa"><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/sustainability/boards-policy-regulation/" data-subnav="Sustainability_Boards, Policy & Regulation" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Boards, Policy & Regulation</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/sustainability/climate-energy/" data-subnav="Sustainability_Climate & Energy" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Climate & Energy</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/sustainability/land-use-biodiversity/" data-subnav="Sustainability_Land Use & Biodiversity" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Land Use & Biodiversity</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/sustainability/society-equity/" data-subnav="Sustainability_Society & Equity" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Society & Equity</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/sustainability/sustainable-finance-reporting/" data-subnav="Sustainability_Sustainable Finance & Reporting" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Sustainable Finance & Reporting</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/sustainability/the-switch/" data-subnav="Sustainability_The Switch" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">The Switch</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/sustainability/reuters-impact/" data-subnav="Sustainability_Reuters Impact" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Reuters Impact</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/sustainability/cop/" data-subnav="Sustainability_COP30" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">COP30</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></div><span data-focus-scope-end="true" hidden=""></span></div></li><li class="nav-bar-module__nav-item__EUpy4 nav-bar-module__category__bRFMO"><div class="nav-bar-module__nav-button__mCZoN"><a data-testid="Body" href="/legal/" data-nav="Legal" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__graphite__fZRmg text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__extra_small__8Buss body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__extra_small_body__Bfz20 link">Legal</a><button data-testid="DropDownButton" type="button" class="nav-bar-module__button__YVhxE" tabindex="0" data-react-aria-pressable="true" aria-label="Legal" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 15 9" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="SvgChevronDown" class="nav-bar-module__arrow__D1LfD chevron-down"><path d="M14.093.337c-.411-.45-1.028-.45-1.44 0L7.2 6.3 1.749.337c-.411-.45-1.028-.45-1.44 0a1.16 1.16 0 0 0 0 1.576l6.171 6.75c.206.225.515.337.72.337.205 0 .515-.112.72-.338l6.172-6.75a1.16 1.16 0 0 0 0-1.575h.001Z"></path></svg></button></div><div class="nav-bar-module__hidden__1Qi40" data-testid="sectionDropdownContainer"><span data-focus-scope-start="true" hidden=""></span><div data-testid="Legal" class="nav-bar-module__dropdown__bsmM6" id="react-aria-:R5deam:"><div class="nav-dropdown-module__container__X8zm-" data-testid="NavDropdownContainer"><div class="nav-dropdown-module__inner__VS6zv"><div class="nav-dropdown-module__submenu__-HR75"><div class="nav-dropdown-module__inner__VS6zv"><h2 data-testid="Heading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6__-zrtS"><a data-testid="SectionDropdown" href="/legal/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__graphite__fZRmg text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__body__9d61E body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__body_alt__0ewNU nav-dropdown-module__section-link__Mvj6r">Browse Legal</a></h2><div class="nav-dropdown-module__sections__i94UN"><ul class="nav-dropdown-module__sections-group__CPSAa"><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/legal/government/" data-subnav="Legal_Government" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Government</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/legal/legalindustry/" data-subnav="Legal_Legal Industry" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Legal Industry</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/legal/litigation/" data-subnav="Legal_Litigation" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Litigation</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/legal/transactional/" data-subnav="Legal_Transactional" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Transactional</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/legal/us-supreme-court/" data-subnav="Legal_US Supreme Court" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">US Supreme Court</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></div><span data-focus-scope-end="true" hidden=""></span></div></li><li class="nav-bar-module__nav-item__EUpy4 nav-bar-module__category__bRFMO"><div class="nav-bar-module__nav-button__mCZoN"><a data-testid="Body" href="/commentary/" data-nav="Commentary" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__graphite__fZRmg text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__extra_small__8Buss body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__extra_small_body__Bfz20 link">Commentary</a><button data-testid="DropDownButton" type="button" class="nav-bar-module__button__YVhxE" tabindex="0" data-react-aria-pressable="true" aria-label="Commentary" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 15 9" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="SvgChevronDown" class="nav-bar-module__arrow__D1LfD chevron-down"><path d="M14.093.337c-.411-.45-1.028-.45-1.44 0L7.2 6.3 1.749.337c-.411-.45-1.028-.45-1.44 0a1.16 1.16 0 0 0 0 1.576l6.171 6.75c.206.225.515.337.72.337.205 0 .515-.112.72-.338l6.172-6.75a1.16 1.16 0 0 0 0-1.575h.001Z"></path></svg></button></div><div class="nav-bar-module__hidden__1Qi40" data-testid="sectionDropdownContainer"><span data-focus-scope-start="true" hidden=""></span><div data-testid="Commentary" class="nav-bar-module__dropdown__bsmM6" id="react-aria-:R6deam:"><div class="nav-dropdown-module__container__X8zm-" data-testid="NavDropdownContainer"><div class="nav-dropdown-module__inner__VS6zv"><div class="nav-dropdown-module__submenu__-HR75"><div class="nav-dropdown-module__inner__VS6zv"><h2 data-testid="Heading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6__-zrtS"><a data-testid="SectionDropdown" href="/commentary/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__graphite__fZRmg text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__body__9d61E body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__body_alt__0ewNU nav-dropdown-module__section-link__Mvj6r">Browse Commentary</a></h2><div class="nav-dropdown-module__sections__i94UN"><ul class="nav-dropdown-module__sections-group__CPSAa"><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/commentary/breakingviews/" data-subnav="Commentary_Breakingviews" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Breakingviews</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/breakingviews/predictions/" data-subnav="Commentary_Breakingviews Predictions" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Breakingviews Predictions</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/commentary/reuters-open-interest/" data-subnav="Commentary_ROI: Reuters Open Interest" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">ROI: Reuters Open Interest</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></div><span data-focus-scope-end="true" hidden=""></span></div></li><li class="nav-bar-module__nav-item__EUpy4 nav-bar-module__category__bRFMO"><div class="nav-bar-module__nav-button__mCZoN"><a data-testid="Body" href="/technology/" data-nav="Technology" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__graphite__fZRmg text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__extra_small__8Buss body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__extra_small_body__Bfz20 link">Technology</a><button data-testid="DropDownButton" type="button" class="nav-bar-module__button__YVhxE" tabindex="0" data-react-aria-pressable="true" aria-label="Technology" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 15 9" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="SvgChevronDown" class="nav-bar-module__arrow__D1LfD chevron-down"><path d="M14.093.337c-.411-.45-1.028-.45-1.44 0L7.2 6.3 1.749.337c-.411-.45-1.028-.45-1.44 0a1.16 1.16 0 0 0 0 1.576l6.171 6.75c.206.225.515.337.72.337.205 0 .515-.112.72-.338l6.172-6.75a1.16 1.16 0 0 0 0-1.575h.001Z"></path></svg></button></div><div class="nav-bar-module__hidden__1Qi40" data-testid="sectionDropdownContainer"><span data-focus-scope-start="true" hidden=""></span><div data-testid="Technology" class="nav-bar-module__dropdown__bsmM6" id="react-aria-:R7deam:"><div class="nav-dropdown-module__container__X8zm-" data-testid="NavDropdownContainer"><div class="nav-dropdown-module__inner__VS6zv"><div class="nav-dropdown-module__submenu__-HR75"><div class="nav-dropdown-module__inner__VS6zv"><h2 data-testid="Heading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6__-zrtS"><a data-testid="SectionDropdown" href="/technology/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__graphite__fZRmg text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__body__9d61E body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__body_alt__0ewNU nav-dropdown-module__section-link__Mvj6r">Browse Technology</a></h2><div class="nav-dropdown-module__sections__i94UN"><ul class="nav-dropdown-module__sections-group__CPSAa"><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/technology/artificial-intelligence/" data-subnav="Technology_Artificial Intelligence" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Artificial Intelligence</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/technology/cybersecurity/" data-subnav="Technology_Cybersecurity" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Cybersecurity</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/technology/space/" data-subnav="Technology_Space" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Space</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/technology/disrupted/" data-subnav="Technology_Disrupted" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Disrupted</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></div><span data-focus-scope-end="true" hidden=""></span></div></li><li class="nav-bar-module__nav-item__EUpy4 nav-bar-module__category__bRFMO"><a data-testid="Body" href="https://www.reuters.com/investigations/" data-nav="Investigations" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__graphite__fZRmg text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__extra_small__8Buss body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__extra_small_body__Bfz20 nav-bar-module__nav-button__mCZoN">Investigations</a></li><li class="nav-bar-module__nav-item__EUpy4"><div class="nav-bar-module__nav-button__mCZoN"><button data-testid="Text" type="button" tabindex="0" data-react-aria-pressable="true" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__graphite__fZRmg text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__extra_small__8Buss nav-bar-module__button__YVhxE">More<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 15 9" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="SvgChevronDown" class="nav-bar-module__arrow__D1LfD nav-bar-module__more__C7bEy chevron-down"><path d="M14.093.337c-.411-.45-1.028-.45-1.44 0L7.2 6.3 1.749.337c-.411-.45-1.028-.45-1.44 0a1.16 1.16 0 0 0 0 1.576l6.171 6.75c.206.225.515.337.72.337.205 0 .515-.112.72-.338l6.172-6.75a1.16 1.16 0 0 0 0-1.575h.001Z"></path></svg></button></div><div class="nav-bar-module__hidden__1Qi40" data-testid="moreSectionDropdownContainer"><span data-focus-scope-start="true" hidden=""></span><div class="nav-bar-module__dropdown__bsmM6" id="react-aria-:Rleam:"><div class="nav-dropdown-module__container__X8zm-" data-testid="NavDropdownContainer"><div class="nav-dropdown-module__inner__VS6zv nav-dropdown-module__hide-stories__-HUMW"><div class="nav-dropdown-module__submenu__-HR75"><div class="nav-dropdown-module__inner__VS6zv"><div class="nav-dropdown-module__more-sections__9LctJ"><div class="nav-dropdown-module__group-container__B7ZaS"><section data-testid="MoreDropdown" class="nav-dropdown-module__more-section-group__6-L2e nav-dropdown-module__has-children__Wpz3R"><h2 data-testid="Heading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6__-zrtS"><a data-testid="Body" href="/sports/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__graphite__fZRmg text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__body__9d61E body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__body_alt__0ewNU nav-dropdown-module__section-link__Mvj6r">Sports</a></h2><ul class="nav-dropdown-module__subsections__ElxDL"><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/sports/athletics/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Athletics</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/sports/baseball/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Baseball</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/sports/basketball/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Basketball</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/sports/cricket/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Cricket</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/sports/cycling/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Cycling</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/sports/formula1/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Formula 1</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/sports/golf/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Golf</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/sports/nfl/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">NFL</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/sports/nhl/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">NHL</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/sports/soccer/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Soccer</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/sports/tennis/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Tennis</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/sports/olympics/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Winter Olympics</a></li></ul></section><section data-testid="MoreDropdown" class="nav-dropdown-module__more-section-group__6-L2e"><h2 data-testid="Heading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6__-zrtS"><a data-testid="Body" href="/science/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__graphite__fZRmg text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__body__9d61E body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__body_alt__0ewNU nav-dropdown-module__section-link__Mvj6r">Science</a></h2></section><section data-testid="MoreDropdown" class="nav-dropdown-module__more-section-group__6-L2e"><h2 data-testid="Heading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6__-zrtS"><a data-testid="Body" href="/lifestyle/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__graphite__fZRmg text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__body__9d61E body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__body_alt__0ewNU nav-dropdown-module__section-link__Mvj6r">Lifestyle</a></h2></section><section data-testid="MoreDropdown" class="nav-dropdown-module__more-section-group__6-L2e"><h2 data-testid="Heading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6__-zrtS"><a data-testid="Body" href="/city-memo/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__graphite__fZRmg text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__body__9d61E body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__body_alt__0ewNU nav-dropdown-module__section-link__Mvj6r">City Memo</a></h2></section><section data-testid="MoreDropdown" class="nav-dropdown-module__more-section-group__6-L2e"><h2 data-testid="Heading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6__-zrtS"><a data-testid="Body" href="https://www.reuters.com/graphics/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__graphite__fZRmg text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__body__9d61E body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__body_alt__0ewNU nav-dropdown-module__section-link__Mvj6r">Graphics</a></h2></section><section data-testid="MoreDropdown" class="nav-dropdown-module__more-section-group__6-L2e"><h2 data-testid="Heading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6__-zrtS"><a data-testid="Body" href="/pictures/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__graphite__fZRmg text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__body__9d61E body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__body_alt__0ewNU nav-dropdown-module__section-link__Mvj6r">Pictures</a></h2></section></div><div class="nav-dropdown-module__group-container__B7ZaS"><section data-testid="MoreDropdown" class="nav-dropdown-module__more-section-group__6-L2e"><h2 data-testid="Heading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6__-zrtS"><a data-testid="Body" href="/wider-image/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__graphite__fZRmg text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__body__9d61E body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__body_alt__0ewNU nav-dropdown-module__section-link__Mvj6r">Wider Image</a></h2></section><section data-testid="MoreDropdown" class="nav-dropdown-module__more-section-group__6-L2e nav-dropdown-module__has-children__Wpz3R"><h2 data-testid="Heading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6__-zrtS"><a data-testid="Body" href="/podcasts/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__graphite__fZRmg text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__body__9d61E body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__body_alt__0ewNU nav-dropdown-module__section-link__Mvj6r">Podcasts</a></h2><ul class="nav-dropdown-module__subsections__ElxDL"><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/podcasts/reuters-world-news/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Reuters World News</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/podcasts/reuters-morning-bid/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Reuters Morning Bid</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/podcasts/reuters-econ-world/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Reuters Econ World</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/podcasts/on-assignment/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">On Assignment</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/podcasts/viewsroom/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Viewsroom</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/podcasts/the-big-view/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">The Big View</a></li></ul></section><section data-testid="MoreDropdown" class="nav-dropdown-module__more-section-group__6-L2e"><h2 data-testid="Heading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6__-zrtS"><a data-testid="Body" href="/live/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__graphite__fZRmg text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__body__9d61E body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__body_alt__0ewNU nav-dropdown-module__section-link__Mvj6r">Live</a></h2></section><section data-testid="MoreDropdown" class="nav-dropdown-module__more-section-group__6-L2e"><h2 data-testid="Heading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6__-zrtS"><a data-testid="Body" href="/fact-check/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__graphite__fZRmg text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__body__9d61E body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__body_alt__0ewNU nav-dropdown-module__section-link__Mvj6r">Fact Check</a></h2></section><section data-testid="MoreDropdown" class="nav-dropdown-module__more-section-group__6-L2e"><h2 data-testid="Heading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6__-zrtS"><a data-testid="Body" href="/video/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__graphite__fZRmg text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__body__9d61E body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__body_alt__0ewNU nav-dropdown-module__section-link__Mvj6r">Video</a></h2></section><section data-testid="MoreDropdown" class="nav-dropdown-module__more-section-group__6-L2e nav-dropdown-module__has-children__Wpz3R"><h2 data-testid="Heading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6__-zrtS"><a data-testid="Body" href="/sponsored/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__graphite__fZRmg text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__body__9d61E body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__body_alt__0ewNU nav-dropdown-module__section-link__Mvj6r">Sponsored Content</a></h2><ul class="nav-dropdown-module__subsections__ElxDL"><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/sponsored/reuters-plus/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Reuters Plus</a></li><li><a data-testid="Body" href="/press-releases/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf nav-dropdown-module__subsection-link__T9-bB">Press Releases</a></li></ul></section></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><span data-focus-scope-end="true" hidden=""></span></div></li></ul></nav></div><div class="site-header-module__button-group__5pCcs"><a data-testid="Body" href="/my-news/feed/" data-nav="My News" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__graphite__fZRmg text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__extra_small__8Buss body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__extra_small_body__Bfz20 site-header-module__my-news-link__JyoYj">My News</a><div class="search-bar-module__search-bar__l7v3q site-header-module__search-bar__0RkVM" tabindex="-1"><button aria-label="Open search bar" tabindex="-1" class="button-module__button__Pqh0q button-module__flat__GYuix button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F button-module__has-tooltip__3sOvX search-bar-module__search-button__34siX" type="button" data-testid="OpenSearchBarButton"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 21 21" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="SvgSearch" class="search-bar-module__icon__jkiEO"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="m20.72 17.47-4.64-4.65a8.6 8.6 0 1 0-3.26 3.26l4.65 4.64c.37.37.97.37 1.35 0l1.9-1.9a.95.95 0 0 0 0-1.35ZM1.95 8.62a6.67 6.67 0 1 1 13.33 0 6.67 6.67 0 0 1-13.33 0Z"></path></svg></span></button></div><a href="/account/register/signup-options/&journeyStart=navigation" data-variant-id="SubOrSignUpButton" class="button-module__link__A3sD0 button-module__primary__gnCmu button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F text-button-module__container__i-tuI site-header-module__button__ui8Ah" data-testid="header-register-button"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY"><span data-testid="Text" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__bold__chuBM text-module__button_label__4BCvX text-button-module__btn-text__DeEhy text-button-module__button_label__0SF4u">Register</span></span></a><div class="site-header-module__mobile-menu__JvZnq site-header-module__button__ui8Ah"><button tabindex="0" data-react-aria-pressable="true" aria-label="Menu" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" class="button-module__button__Pqh0q button-module__flat__GYuix button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F button-module__has-tooltip__3sOvX mobile-menu-module__menu-button__HXTtW site-header-module__menu-button__jM9ER" type="button" data-testid="MobileMenuButton"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 16 12" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="SvgMenu" class="mobile-menu-module__icon__zmoso"><path d="M14.8571429,9.524 C15.3142857,9.524 15.6188571,9.8285714 15.6188571,10.2857143 C15.6188571,10.7428571 15.3142857,11.0474286 14.8571429,11.0474286 L1.14285714,11.0474286 C0.68571429,11.0474286 0.38114286,10.7428571 0.38114286,10.2857143 C0.38114286,9.8285714 0.68571429,9.524 1.14285714,9.524 L14.8571429,9.524 Z M14.8571429,4.9525714 C15.3142857,4.9525714 15.6188571,5.2571429 15.6188571,5.7142857 C15.6188571,6.1714286 15.3142857,6.476 14.8571429,6.476 L1.14285714,6.476 C0.68571429,6.476 0.38114286,6.1714286 0.38114286,5.7142857 C0.38114286,5.2571429 0.68571429,4.9525714 1.14285714,4.9525714 L14.8571429,4.9525714 Z M14.8571429,0.38114286 C15.3142857,0.38114286 15.6188571,0.68571429 15.6188571,1.14285714 C15.6188571,1.6 15.3142857,1.90457143 14.8571429,1.90457143 L1.14285714,1.90457143 C0.68571429,1.90457143 0.38114286,1.6 0.38114286,1.14285714 C0.38114286,0.68571429 0.68571429,0.38114286 1.14285714,0.38114286 L14.8571429,0.38114286 Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></div></div></div></header><div data-testid="RegularArticleLayout" class="regular-article-layout-module__container__qlWZP"><div data-testid="MainContent" class="regular-article-layout-module__content-container__vBc5- paywall-B064F03B" dir="ltr"><main class="regular-article-layout-module__main__lKixO" id="main-content" role="main"><article data-testid="Article" class="article-module__container__FNVk0"><div class="article-module__main__1N9VH"><div class="article-module__content__lRTp3"><header data-testid="DefaultArticleHeader"><div class="default-article-header-module__container__b05Pl"><div class="default-article-header-module__heading__TeQVW"><h1 data-testid="Heading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_article__2yUro heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_article__h3IXH headline-module__headline__L8lWb">US eases some sanctions on Venezuelan oil industry</h1><div data-testid="InfoContent" class="info-content-module__info__FR-5y default-article-header-module__info-content__EOcyE"><div data-testid="AuthorName" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__tag_label__4kwMu"><span data-testid="Text" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__tag_label__4kwMu">By </span><a data-testid="AuthorNameLink" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/authors/timothy-gardner/" rel="author" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__tag_label__4kwMu link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC author-name-module__author__09Ri8">Timothy Gardner</a><span data-testid="Text" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__tag_label__4kwMu"> and </span><a data-testid="AuthorNameLink" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/authors/marianna-parraga/" rel="author" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__tag_label__4kwMu link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC author-name-module__author__09Ri8">Marianna Parraga</a></div><time data-testid="DateLine" dateTime="2026-01-29T21:59:02.329Z" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__extra_small__8Buss body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__extra_small_body__Bfz20"><span class="date-line-module__date__Q468B">January 29, 2026</span><span class="date-line-module__date__Q468B">9:59 PM UTC</span><span class="date-line-module__date__Q468B">Updated ago</span></time><div data-testid="ArticleToolbar" class="info-content-module__toolbar__4KVm0" dir="ltr"><div data-testid="ToolbarContainer" class="toolbar-module__container__Vw74x"><div data-testid="SaveSymbols" class="toolbar-item-module__symbol-wrapper__vOLPH"><div><button aria-label="Save article US eases some sanctions on Venezuelan oil industry" class="button-module__button__Pqh0q button-module__secondary__70gBu button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F button-module__has-tooltip__3sOvX toolbar-item-module__symbol-btn__Beam-" type="button" data-testid="Button"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY"><svg width="11" height="17" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="SvgSave" class="svg"><path d="M9.824 1.441V15.56c0 .352-.038.547-.301.32l-3.784-3.247a.378.378 0 00-.478 0L1.477 15.88c-.263.226-.477.124-.477-.228V1.637A.63.63 0 011.619 1h7.763l.442.441z" fill-rule="nonzero" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path></svg></span></button></div></div><div data-testid="TextSymbols" class="toolbar-item-module__symbol-wrapper__vOLPH toolbar-item-module__overlay__0vABN"><div class="toolbar-item-module__container__-KLhn toolbar-item-module__column__SHiPt" data-testid="ToolbarItemContainer"><button aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" id="toolbar-item-parent-text-5974" aria-controls="toolbar-item-dropdown-text-5974" aria-label="Change text size" class="button-module__button__Pqh0q button-module__secondary__70gBu button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F button-module__has-tooltip__3sOvX toolbar-item-module__symbol-btn__Beam-" type="button" data-testid="toolbar-item-parent-text-5974"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY"><div class="utility-module__container__YJxgW" aria-hidden="true"><svg width="23" height="15" viewBox="0 0 23 15" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-labelledby="TextIconId" role="presentation" class="utility-module__symbol__EQkIM" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><title id="TextIconId">Text</title><path d="M5.341.68h2.78L13.001 14h-2.54l-1.06-3.14h-5.34L3.001 14H.461L5.341.68Zm-.58 8.08h3.94l-1.96-5.84-1.98 5.84ZM20.253 14v-1.34c-.32.467-.767.84-1.34 1.12-.56.28-1.194.42-1.9.42-.96 0-1.707-.253-2.24-.76-.52-.52-.78-1.233-.78-2.14 0-.56.086-1.033.26-1.42.173-.387.413-.7.72-.94.306-.24.666-.413 1.08-.52a5.08 5.08 0 0 1 1.38-.18h2.7v-.62c0-.96-.66-1.44-1.98-1.44-.6 0-1.153.067-1.66.2-.493.12-.967.287-1.42.5l-.4-1.9a7.44 7.44 0 0 1 1.74-.62c.653-.16 1.34-.24 2.06-.24 1.36 0 2.38.273 3.06.82.693.533 1.04 1.387 1.04 2.56V14h-2.32Zm-.12-4.06h-2.26c-.987 0-1.48.427-1.48 1.28s.493 1.28 1.48 1.28c.68 0 1.226-.18 1.64-.54.413-.36.62-.833.62-1.42v-.6Z"></path></svg></div></span></button><ul class="toolbar-item-module__symbol-list__YMKbJ toolbar-item-module__column__SHiPt toolbar-item-module__hidden__Kg2eo toolbar-item-module__with-border__WUguq toolbar-item-module__selected__IzLTx" role="menu" id="toolbar-item-dropdown-text-5974" data-testid="toolbar-item-dropdown-text-5974" aria-labelledby="toolbar-item-parent-text-5974"><li class="toolbar-item-module__item__jUoKy" role="menuitem"><button aria-selected="true" aria-label="Small text" class="button-module__button__Pqh0q button-module__ghost__DOwRB button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F button-module__has-tooltip__3sOvX toolbar-item-module__rounded-top__GmqUm toolbar-item-module__selected__IzLTx" type="button" data-testid="small-text"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY toolbar-item-module__rounded-top__GmqUm"><div class="utility-module__container__YJxgW" aria-hidden="true"><svg width="10" height="11" viewBox="0 0 10 11" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-labelledby="SmallTextIconId" role="presentation" class="utility-module__symbol__EQkIM dark" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><title id="SmallTextIconId">Small Text</title><path d="M4.224.343h1.552l3.968 10.656H8.32l-.992-2.8H2.672l-.976 2.8H.272L4.224.343ZM3.088 7.015h3.84l-1.92-5.552-1.92 5.552Z"></path></svg></div></span></button></li><li class="toolbar-item-module__item__jUoKy" role="menuitem"><button aria-label="Medium text" class="button-module__button__Pqh0q button-module__flat__GYuix button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F button-module__has-tooltip__3sOvX toolbar-item-module__rounded-none__jyCCH" type="button" data-testid="medium-text"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY toolbar-item-module__rounded-none__jyCCH"><div class="utility-module__container__YJxgW" aria-hidden="true"><svg width="14" height="15" viewBox="0 0 14 15" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-labelledby="MediumTextIconId" role="presentation" class="utility-module__symbol__EQkIM" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><title id="MediumTextIconId">Medium Text</title><path d="M5.933.347h2.134l5.456 14.652h-1.958l-1.364-3.85H3.799l-1.342 3.85H.499L5.933.347ZM4.371 9.521h5.28l-2.64-7.634-2.64 7.634Z"></path></svg></div></span></button></li><li class="toolbar-item-module__item__jUoKy" role="menuitem"><button aria-label="Large text" class="button-module__button__Pqh0q button-module__flat__GYuix button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F button-module__has-tooltip__3sOvX toolbar-item-module__rounded-bottom__m23kx" type="button" data-testid="large-text"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY toolbar-item-module__rounded-bottom__m23kx"><div class="utility-module__container__YJxgW" aria-hidden="true"><svg width="20" height="22" viewBox="0 0 20 22" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-labelledby="LargeTextIconId" role="presentation" class="utility-module__symbol__EQkIM" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><title id="LargeTextIconId">Large Text</title><path d="M8.448.687h3.104l7.936 21.312H16.64l-1.984-5.6H5.344l-1.952 5.6H.544L8.448.687ZM6.176 14.031h7.68l-3.84-11.104-3.84 11.104Z"></path></svg></div></span></button></li></ul></div></div><div data-testid="SharingSymbols" class="toolbar-item-module__symbol-wrapper__vOLPH toolbar-item-module__overlay__0vABN"><div class="toolbar-item-module__container__-KLhn toolbar-item-module__column__SHiPt" data-testid="ToolbarItemContainer"><button aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" id="toolbar-item-parent-share-5975" aria-controls="toolbar-item-dropdown-share-5975" aria-label="Share article" class="button-module__button__Pqh0q button-module__secondary__70gBu button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F button-module__has-tooltip__3sOvX toolbar-item-module__symbol-btn__Beam-" type="button" data-testid="toolbar-item-parent-share-5975"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY"><div class="utility-module__container__YJxgW" aria-hidden="true"><svg width="21" height="21" viewBox="0 0 21 21" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-labelledby="ShareIconId" role="presentation" class="utility-module__symbol__EQkIM" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><title id="ShareIconId">Share</title><path d="M17.719 14.437c-.926 0-1.762.385-2.359 1.002l-8.839-4.42a3.306 3.306 0 0 0 0-1.038l8.84-4.42a3.282 3.282 0 1 0-.881-1.76l-8.84 4.42a3.282 3.282 0 1 0 0 4.56l8.839 4.418a3.282 3.282 0 1 0 3.24-2.762Z"></path></svg></div></span></button><ul class="toolbar-item-module__symbol-list__YMKbJ toolbar-item-module__column__SHiPt toolbar-item-module__hidden__Kg2eo" role="menu" id="toolbar-item-dropdown-share-5975" data-testid="toolbar-item-dropdown-share-5975" aria-labelledby="toolbar-item-parent-share-5975"><li class="toolbar-item-module__item__jUoKy" role="menuitem"><button aria-label="Share article on X" headline="US eases some sanctions on Venezuelan oil industry" class="button-module__button__Pqh0q button-module__flat__GYuix button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F toolbar-item-module__rounded-top__GmqUm" type="button" data-testid="twitter"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY toolbar-item-module__rounded-top__GmqUm"><div class="social-module__container__gCKQP"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 30 30" aria-labelledby="TwitterIconId" role="presentation" class="social-module__symbol__FX9eO" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><title id="TwitterIconId">X</title><path d="M17.923 14.387 25.569 5.5h-1.812l-6.64 7.717L11.817 5.5H5.7l8.018 11.67L5.7 26.49h1.812l7.01-8.15 5.6 8.15h6.116l-8.316-12.102Zm-2.482 2.885-.812-1.162-6.464-9.246h2.783l5.216 7.462.813 1.162 6.78 9.7h-2.782l-5.534-7.915Z"></path></svg></div></span></button></li><li class="toolbar-item-module__item__jUoKy" role="menuitem"><button aria-label="Share article on Facebook" headline="US eases some sanctions on Venezuelan oil industry" class="button-module__button__Pqh0q button-module__flat__GYuix button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F toolbar-item-module__rounded-none__jyCCH" type="button" data-testid="facebook"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY toolbar-item-module__rounded-none__jyCCH"><div class="social-module__container__gCKQP"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="6 6 20 20" aria-labelledby="FacebookIconId" role="presentation" class="social-module__symbol__FX9eO" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><title id="FacebookIconId">Facebook</title><path d="M16 6.04001C10.5 6.04001 6 10.53 6 16.06C6 21.06 9.66 25.21 14.44 25.96V18.96H11.9V16.06H14.44V13.85C14.44 11.34 15.93 9.96001 18.22 9.96001C19.31 9.96001 20.45 10.15 20.45 10.15V12.62H19.19C17.95 12.62 17.56 13.39 17.56 14.18V16.06H20.34L19.89 18.96H17.56V25.96C19.9164 25.5879 22.0622 24.3855 23.6099 22.5701C25.1576 20.7546 26.0054 18.4457 26 16.06C26 10.53 21.5 6.04001 16 6.04001Z"></path></svg></div></span></button></li><li class="toolbar-item-module__item__jUoKy" role="menuitem"><button aria-label="Share article on LinkedIn" headline="US eases some sanctions on Venezuelan oil industry" class="button-module__button__Pqh0q button-module__flat__GYuix button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F toolbar-item-module__rounded-none__jyCCH" type="button" data-testid="linkedin"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY toolbar-item-module__rounded-none__jyCCH"><div class="social-module__container__gCKQP"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 21 21" aria-labelledby="LinkedinIconId" role="presentation" class="social-module__symbol__FX9eO" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><title id="LinkedinIconId">Linkedin</title><path d="M19.031 0c1.034 0 1.888.807 1.964 1.822L21 1.97V19.03a1.975 1.975 0 0 1-1.822 1.964L19.03 21H1.97a1.975 1.975 0 0 1-1.964-1.822L0 19.03V1.97C0 .935.807.08 1.822.005L1.97 0H19.03ZM6.3 7.875H3.15v10.063H6.3V7.874Zm7.875-.175c-1.575 0-2.538.788-2.975 1.575v-1.4H8.225v10.063h3.15V12.95c0-1.313.175-2.537 1.838-2.537 1.575 0 1.575 1.487 1.575 2.624v4.9h3.15v-5.425c0-2.712-.613-4.812-3.763-4.812ZM4.637 2.8c-1.05 0-1.837.875-1.837 1.838 0 1.05.875 1.837 1.838 1.837 1.05 0 1.837-.787 1.837-1.837 0-1.05-.875-1.838-1.837-1.838Z"></path></svg></div></span></button></li><li class="toolbar-item-module__item__jUoKy" role="menuitem"><button aria-label="Email article" headline="US eases some sanctions on Venezuelan oil industry" class="button-module__button__Pqh0q button-module__flat__GYuix button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F toolbar-item-module__rounded-none__jyCCH" type="button" data-testid="email"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY toolbar-item-module__rounded-none__jyCCH"><div class="social-module__container__gCKQP"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 21 18" aria-labelledby="EmailIconId" role="presentation" class="social-module__symbol__FX9eO" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><title id="EmailIconId">Email</title><path d="M20.125 9c.449 0 .819.347.87.795L21 9.9v5.4c0 1.438-1.093 2.613-2.47 2.695l-.155.005H2.625c-1.398 0-2.54-1.124-2.62-2.541L0 15.3V9.9c0-.497.392-.9.875-.9.449 0 .819.347.87.795l.005.105v5.4c0 .462.338.842.773.894l.102.006h15.75a.884.884 0 0 0 .87-.795l.005-.105V9.9c0-.497.392-.9.875-.9Zm-1.75-9C19.825 0 21 1.209 21 2.7v2.7c0 .33-.175.632-.456.79l-9.625 5.4a.854.854 0 0 1-.838 0L.456 6.19A.904.904 0 0 1 0 5.4V2.7C0 1.209 1.175 0 2.625 0h15.75Zm0 1.8H2.625a.888.888 0 0 0-.875.9v2.166l8.75 4.909 8.75-4.91V2.7a.892.892 0 0 0-.773-.894l-.102-.006Z"></path></svg></div></span></button></li><li class="toolbar-item-module__item__jUoKy" role="menuitem"><button aria-label="Copy link" url="https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/us-eases-sanctions-venezuelan-oil-industry-2026-01-29/" class="button-module__button__Pqh0q button-module__flat__GYuix button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F button-module__has-tooltip__3sOvX toolbar-item-module__rounded-bottom__m23kx article-toolbar-module__tooltip-left-on-tablet__aF4cA" type="button" data-testid="link"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY toolbar-item-module__rounded-bottom__m23kx"><div class="social-module__container__gCKQP"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 16 16" aria-labelledby="LinkIconId" role="presentation" class="social-module__symbol__FX9eO" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><title id="LinkIconId">Link</title><path d="M14.47 1.458a4.163 4.163 0 0 0-5.901 0l-1.28 1.209a.688.688 0 0 0 0 .995c.284.285.71.285.995 0l1.21-1.209a2.878 2.878 0 0 1 3.982 0c1.138 1.067 1.137 2.916.07 3.983l-2.133 2.133-.284.284c-1.28.925-3.058.711-3.982-.569-.214-.284-.711-.355-.996-.142-.285.213-.356.71-.142.996a4.242 4.242 0 0 0 3.413 1.706c.853 0 1.777-.284 2.56-.853.142-.142.284-.284.497-.427l2.134-2.133c1.636-1.636 1.564-4.41-.143-5.973Z"></path><path d="m7.644 12.338-1.209 1.209a2.878 2.878 0 0 1-3.982 0c-1.138-1.067-1.138-2.916-.071-3.983l2.133-2.133.284-.284c.64-.427 1.351-.64 2.134-.57.782.143 1.422.498 1.849 1.138.213.284.71.356.996.143.284-.214.355-.711.142-.996-.71-.924-1.707-1.493-2.773-1.636-1.067-.213-2.205.071-3.13.783l-.426.426L1.458 8.57c-1.636 1.706-1.565 4.409.07 6.044.854.782 1.92 1.209 2.987 1.209 1.067 0 2.134-.427 2.987-1.21l1.209-1.208a.688.688 0 0 0 0-.996c-.284-.285-.782-.356-1.067-.07Z"></path></svg></div></span></button></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></header><div data-testid="ArticleBody" class="article-body-module__wrapper__kL0a8" confirmation_email_sent_page_url="/confirmationsent/" legal_marketing_page_url="https://legal.thomsonreuters.com/en/products/reuters-legal-news" sign_in_page_url="/account/sign-in/" sign_up_page_url="/account/register/sign-up/" terms_page_url="/info-pages/terms-of-use/"><div class="article-body-module__container__oOFyv over-6-para"><div data-testid="primary-image" class="article-body-module__primary-asset__Cn6rd" role="figure" aria-describedby="primary-image-caption" dir="ltr"><figure class="primary-image-module__container__y8Shr"><div data-testid="EagerImageContainer" class="primary-image-module__image__D-Gwq"><div class="styles-module__image-container__E0mCm styles-module__fill__Ft7kn styles-module__center_center__bzABO styles-module__apply-ratio__u0jXJ" style="--aspect-ratio:1.4718187100522953"><img data-testid="EagerImage" src="https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/MJIV2HU2ENOUPFSPTLESCV2LKU.jpg?auth=e02c014ad3abae3ec84d4152c3e42fe5874579ec230a0c3e2b6aa68c896e016c&width=1920&quality=80" srcSet="https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/MJIV2HU2ENOUPFSPTLESCV2LKU.jpg?auth=e02c014ad3abae3ec84d4152c3e42fe5874579ec230a0c3e2b6aa68c896e016c&width=480&quality=80 480w,https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/MJIV2HU2ENOUPFSPTLESCV2LKU.jpg?auth=e02c014ad3abae3ec84d4152c3e42fe5874579ec230a0c3e2b6aa68c896e016c&width=640&quality=80 640w,https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/MJIV2HU2ENOUPFSPTLESCV2LKU.jpg?auth=e02c014ad3abae3ec84d4152c3e42fe5874579ec230a0c3e2b6aa68c896e016c&width=720&quality=80 720w,https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/MJIV2HU2ENOUPFSPTLESCV2LKU.jpg?auth=e02c014ad3abae3ec84d4152c3e42fe5874579ec230a0c3e2b6aa68c896e016c&width=960&quality=80 960w,https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/MJIV2HU2ENOUPFSPTLESCV2LKU.jpg?auth=e02c014ad3abae3ec84d4152c3e42fe5874579ec230a0c3e2b6aa68c896e016c&width=1080&quality=80 1080w,https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/MJIV2HU2ENOUPFSPTLESCV2LKU.jpg?auth=e02c014ad3abae3ec84d4152c3e42fe5874579ec230a0c3e2b6aa68c896e016c&width=1200&quality=80 1200w" sizes="(min-width: 1024px) 560px, (min-width: 1440px) 700px, 100vw" width="5066" height="3442" alt="Installations of El Palito refinery of Venezuelan state oil company PDVSA, in Puerto Cabello"/></div></div><div data-testid="Body" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__ultra_small__6-vhY body-module__full_width__kCIGb body-module__ultra_small_body__WelUC primary-image-module__caption__BFvVU"><span>Installations at the El Palito refinery of Venezuelan state oil company PDVSA, after the National Assembly approved a major reform of the country's main oil law, in Puerto Cabello, Venezuela, January 22, 2026. REUTERS/Gaby Oraa <a data-testid="Link" target="_blank" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.reutersconnect.com/item/installations-of-el-palito-refinery-of-venezuelan-state-oil-company-pdvsa-in-puerto-cabello/dGFnOnJldXRlcnMuY29tLDIwMjY6bmV3c21sX1JDMkY2SkFJQ1gxVg%3D%3D/?utm_medium=rcom-article-media&utm_campaign=rcom-rcp-lead" rel="noopener" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__inherit-font__1P1hv text-module__inherit-size__EyiQW link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_default__-okuC link-module__with-icon__qlg76 collapsible-caption-module__license__CPQvV">Purchase Licensing<span><span class="link-module__suffix__ObiNY"> Rights</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="NewTabSymbol" class="link-module__new-tab-symbol__d53s7 link-module__move-left__CCZH6 collapsible-caption-module__symbol__943UJ" fill="#666" width="0" height="0"><path fill="#666" d="M15 6c.6 0 1 .4 1 1s-.4 1-1 1H9c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1v14a1.1 1.1 0 0 0 .2.6c.1.2.4.4.8.4h14c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-6c0-.6.4-1 1-1s1 .4 1 1v6a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H9a3 3 0 0 1-2.2-.9A3 3 0 0 1 6 23V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3Zm10 0 .4.1.5.5.1.4v6c0 .6-.4 1-1 1s-1-.4-1-1V9.4l-5.3 5.3a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3 1 1 0 0 1-.7-.3 1 1 0 0 1 0-1.4L22.6 8H19c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1Z"></path></svg><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">, opens new tab</span></span></a></span></div></figure></div><div class="article-body-module__content__bnXL1"><div data-testid="ContextWidget" class="context-widget-module__container__b9mKr context-widget-module__with-scroll__CmEdD article-body-module__context_widget__sq1EI"><div data-testid="TabContainer" class="context-widget-module__tabcontainer__O1B-s context-widget-module__right-gradient__QLuno"><ul role="tablist" class="context-widget-module__tabs__AIjL0"><li data-testid="summary-tab" role="tab" aria-selected="true" tabindex="0" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf context-widget-module__tab__lRw-D context-widget-module__selected__Et295">Summary</li><li data-testid="companies-tab" role="tab" aria-selected="false" tabindex="-1" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf context-widget-module__tab__lRw-D">Companies</li></ul></div><div data-testid="ContextWidgetContent" class="context-widget-module__content__lI1uo"><ul data-testid="Summary" class="summary-module__summary__QjADA"><li data-testid="Body" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf summary-module__point__UgXPz">Broad US license eases some sanctions on Venezuelan oil</li><li data-testid="Body" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf summary-module__point__UgXPz">Does not ease measures on production of Venezuelan crude</li><li data-testid="Body" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf summary-module__point__UgXPz">Represents shift from issuing individual licenses</li><li data-testid="Body" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf summary-module__point__UgXPz">Transactions with entities in Cuba not allowed</li></ul></div></div><div data-testid="paragraph-0" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__full_width__kCIGb body-module__small_body__gOmDf article-body-module__paragraph__Ts-yF">WASHINGTON, Jan 29 (Reuters) - The Trump administration on Thursday eased some sanctions on Venezuela's oil industry to encourage U.S. investment, after U.S. forces ousted the South American country's President Nicolas Maduro earlier this month.</div><div data-testid="paragraph-1" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__full_width__kCIGb body-module__small_body__gOmDf article-body-module__paragraph__Ts-yF">The U.S. Treasury authorized transactions involving the government of Venezuela and state oil company PDVSA related to "the lifting, exportation, reexportation, sale, resale, supply, storage, marketing, purchase, delivery, or transportation of Venezuelan-origin oil, including the refining of such oil, by an established U.S. entity."</div><p data-testid="promo-box" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf article-body-module__promo-box__hVl8h"> <!-- -->Sign up<!-- --> <!-- --> <a data-testid="Link" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="undefined?location=article-paragraph&redirectUrl=%2Fbusiness%2Fenergy%2Fus-eases-sanctions-venezuelan-oil-industry-2026-01-29%2F" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__inherit-font__1P1hv text-module__inherit-size__EyiQW link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_default__-okuC">here.</a></p><div data-testid="element" class="article-body-module__element__5eCce"></div><div data-testid="paragraph-2" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__full_width__kCIGb body-module__small_body__gOmDf article-body-module__paragraph__Ts-yF">The authorization, known as a general license, did not include language lifting sanctions on production of Venezuelan oil. A White House official confirmed the measure kept sanctions on production of Venezuelan crude, adding it "would help flow existing product" and that there will soon be more announcements on easing of sanctions.</div><div data-testid="paragraph-3" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__full_width__kCIGb body-module__small_body__gOmDf article-body-module__paragraph__Ts-yF">The move could unlock billions of dollars in new U.S. investment into Venezuela's crippled energy sector, but it excludes firms from rivals like China and Russia, signaling an "America First" approach to the nation's reconstruction.</div><div data-testid="paragraph-4" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__full_width__kCIGb body-module__small_body__gOmDf article-body-module__paragraph__Ts-yF">The easing of some sanctions marks a pronounced shift from the previous strategy of granting individual exemptions.</div><div data-testid="paragraph-5" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__full_width__kCIGb body-module__small_body__gOmDf article-body-module__paragraph__Ts-yF">During President Donald Trump's first administration, the Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control designated Venezuela's entire energy industry as subject to U.S. sanctions in 2019 after Maduro's first re-election, which Washington did not recognize.</div><div data-testid="paragraph-6" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__full_width__kCIGb body-module__small_body__gOmDf article-body-module__paragraph__Ts-yF">The license does not authorize any payment terms that are not commercially reasonable, involve debt swaps or payments in gold, or are denominated in digital currency.</div><div data-testid="paragraph-7" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__full_width__kCIGb body-module__small_body__gOmDf article-body-module__paragraph__Ts-yF">The license excludes any transactions involving persons or entities located in or controlled by Russia, Iran, North Korea and Cuba. It also excludes transactions involving blocked vessels and entities "organized under the laws of Venezuela or the United States that is owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by or in a joint venture with a person located in or organized under the laws of the People’s Republic of China."</div><h2 data-testid="Heading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6__-zrtS article-body-module__heading__KTJKz">AMERICA FIRST</h2><div data-testid="paragraph-8" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__full_width__kCIGb body-module__small_body__gOmDf article-body-module__paragraph__Ts-yF">Oil producers Chevron <a data-testid="Link" target="_blank" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.reuters.com/markets/companies/CVX.N" rel="noopener" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__inherit-font__1P1hv text-module__inherit-size__EyiQW link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_default__-okuC link-module__with-icon__qlg76">(CVX.N)<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="NewTabSymbol" class="link-module__new-tab-symbol__d53s7"><path fill="#666" d="M15 6c.6 0 1 .4 1 1s-.4 1-1 1H9c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1v14a1.1 1.1 0 0 0 .2.6c.1.2.4.4.8.4h14c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-6c0-.6.4-1 1-1s1 .4 1 1v6a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H9a3 3 0 0 1-2.2-.9A3 3 0 0 1 6 23V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3Zm10 0 .4.1.5.5.1.4v6c0 .6-.4 1-1 1s-1-.4-1-1V9.4l-5.3 5.3a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3 1 1 0 0 1-.7-.3 1 1 0 0 1 0-1.4L22.6 8H19c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1Z"></path></svg><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">, opens new tab</span></a>, Repsol <a data-testid="Link" target="_blank" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.reuters.com/markets/companies/REP.MC" rel="noopener" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__inherit-font__1P1hv text-module__inherit-size__EyiQW link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_default__-okuC link-module__with-icon__qlg76">(REP.MC)<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="NewTabSymbol" class="link-module__new-tab-symbol__d53s7"><path fill="#666" d="M15 6c.6 0 1 .4 1 1s-.4 1-1 1H9c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1v14a1.1 1.1 0 0 0 .2.6c.1.2.4.4.8.4h14c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-6c0-.6.4-1 1-1s1 .4 1 1v6a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H9a3 3 0 0 1-2.2-.9A3 3 0 0 1 6 23V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3Zm10 0 .4.1.5.5.1.4v6c0 .6-.4 1-1 1s-1-.4-1-1V9.4l-5.3 5.3a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3 1 1 0 0 1-.7-.3 1 1 0 0 1 0-1.4L22.6 8H19c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1Z"></path></svg><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">, opens new tab</span></a> and ENI <a data-testid="Link" target="_blank" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.reuters.com/markets/companies/ENI.MI" rel="noopener" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__inherit-font__1P1hv text-module__inherit-size__EyiQW link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_default__-okuC link-module__with-icon__qlg76">(ENI.MI)<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="NewTabSymbol" class="link-module__new-tab-symbol__d53s7"><path fill="#666" d="M15 6c.6 0 1 .4 1 1s-.4 1-1 1H9c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1v14a1.1 1.1 0 0 0 .2.6c.1.2.4.4.8.4h14c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-6c0-.6.4-1 1-1s1 .4 1 1v6a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H9a3 3 0 0 1-2.2-.9A3 3 0 0 1 6 23V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3Zm10 0 .4.1.5.5.1.4v6c0 .6-.4 1-1 1s-1-.4-1-1V9.4l-5.3 5.3a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3 1 1 0 0 1-.7-.3 1 1 0 0 1 0-1.4L22.6 8H19c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1Z"></path></svg><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">, opens new tab</span></a>, refiner Reliance Industries <a data-testid="Link" target="_blank" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.reuters.com/markets/companies/RELI.NS" rel="noopener" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__inherit-font__1P1hv text-module__inherit-size__EyiQW link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_default__-okuC link-module__with-icon__qlg76">(RELI.NS)<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="NewTabSymbol" class="link-module__new-tab-symbol__d53s7"><path fill="#666" d="M15 6c.6 0 1 .4 1 1s-.4 1-1 1H9c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1v14a1.1 1.1 0 0 0 .2.6c.1.2.4.4.8.4h14c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-6c0-.6.4-1 1-1s1 .4 1 1v6a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H9a3 3 0 0 1-2.2-.9A3 3 0 0 1 6 23V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3Zm10 0 .4.1.5.5.1.4v6c0 .6-.4 1-1 1s-1-.4-1-1V9.4l-5.3 5.3a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3 1 1 0 0 1-.7-.3 1 1 0 0 1 0-1.4L22.6 8H19c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1Z"></path></svg><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">, opens new tab</span></a>, and some U.S. oil service providers had sought licenses in recent weeks to expand output or exports from the OPEC member. The companies are partners and customers of PDVSA.</div><div data-testid="paragraph-9" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__full_width__kCIGb body-module__small_body__gOmDf article-body-module__paragraph__Ts-yF">Jeremy Paner, a lawyer at Hughes Hubbard & Reed and a former OFAC sanctions investigator, said the authorization is broad in the sense that it opens up many operations including refining, transportation and "lifting" of Venezuelan oil.</div><div data-testid="paragraph-10" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__full_width__kCIGb body-module__small_body__gOmDf article-body-module__paragraph__Ts-yF">But he said the scope is narrow in that it only applies to U.S. companies.</div><div data-testid="paragraph-11" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__full_width__kCIGb body-module__small_body__gOmDf article-body-module__paragraph__Ts-yF">Kevin Book, an analyst at ClearView Energy Partners, said the authorization could provide clarity for U.S. companies considering new investments while maintaining the previous standard of case-by-case review for non-U.S. entities.</div><div data-testid="paragraph-12" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__full_width__kCIGb body-module__small_body__gOmDf article-body-module__paragraph__Ts-yF">“In short, it appears to offer ‘America First, Others Ask’ sanctions relief.”</div><div data-testid="paragraph-13" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__full_width__kCIGb body-module__small_body__gOmDf article-body-module__paragraph__Ts-yF">The large number of individual requests to the U.S. government had delayed progress on plans to expand exports and get investment moving quickly into Venezuela, two sources said this week.</div><div data-testid="paragraph-14" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__full_width__kCIGb body-module__small_body__gOmDf article-body-module__paragraph__Ts-yF">The new OFAC license, meanwhile, came as lawmakers in Venezuela on Thursday approved a <a data-testid="Link" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/sweeping-oil-reform-venezuela-approved-operators-expected-gain-autonomy-2026-01-29/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__inherit-font__1P1hv text-module__inherit-size__EyiQW link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_default__-okuC">sweetened reform</a> of the country's main oil law that is expected to grant autonomy to private producers in joint ventures or under new contracts to operate their projects and commercialize the output. It also formalizes an oil production-sharing model first introduced by Maduro and negotiated with little-known energy firms in recent years.</div><div data-testid="paragraph-15" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__full_width__kCIGb body-module__small_body__gOmDf article-body-module__paragraph__Ts-yF">Following the U.S. capture of Maduro, the Trump administration is pursuing a <a data-testid="Link" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.reuters.com/markets/commodities/big-oil-offers-reality-check-trumps-venezuela-dream-2026-01-12/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__inherit-font__1P1hv text-module__inherit-size__EyiQW link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_default__-okuC">$100 billion reconstruction plan</a> for the country's oil industry, and intends to manage the oil sales "indefinitely." The effort builds on an initial <a data-testid="Link" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/venezuela-us-talks-export-venezuelan-oil-us-sources-say-2026-01-06/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__inherit-font__1P1hv text-module__inherit-size__EyiQW link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_default__-okuC">$2 billion deal</a> that Washington and Caracas reached in January to export Venezuelan crude oil, including to U.S. refiners.</div><div data-testid="paragraph-16" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__full_width__kCIGb body-module__small_body__gOmDf article-body-module__paragraph__Ts-yF">Francisco Monaldi, director of the Latin American Energy Program at Rice University's Baker Institute in Houston, said he wondered if the exclusion of Russian and Chinese production would make it hard for PDVSA to operate or market oil from those ventures. Ventures with those countries produce about 22% of the oil, he said.</div><div data-testid="paragraph-17" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__full_width__kCIGb body-module__small_body__gOmDf article-body-module__paragraph__Ts-yF">“If they cannot export the oil coming from these ventures, that's a big problem.”</div><div class="article-body-module__element__5eCce"><p data-testid="SignOff" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__extra_small__8Buss body-module__full_width__kCIGb body-module__extra_small_body__Bfz20 sign-off-module__text__LQAMP">Reporting by Reporting by Timothy Gardner, Marianna Parraga, Christian Martinez and Daphne Psaledakis;
Editing by Rod Nickel, Nathan Crooks, Richard Valdmanis and Lisa Shumaker</p></div><p data-testid="Body" dir="ltr" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__small__sph8i body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__small_body__gOmDf article-body-module__element__5eCce article-body-module__trust-badge__5mS3f">Our Standards: <a data-testid="Link" target="_blank" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.thomsonreuters.com/en/about-us/trust-principles.html" rel="noopener" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__small__sph8i link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_default__-okuC link-module__with-icon__qlg76">The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="NewTabSymbol" class="link-module__new-tab-symbol__d53s7"><path fill="#666" d="M15 6c.6 0 1 .4 1 1s-.4 1-1 1H9c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1v14a1.1 1.1 0 0 0 .2.6c.1.2.4.4.8.4h14c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-6c0-.6.4-1 1-1s1 .4 1 1v6a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H9a3 3 0 0 1-2.2-.9A3 3 0 0 1 6 23V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3Zm10 0 .4.1.5.5.1.4v6c0 .6-.4 1-1 1s-1-.4-1-1V9.4l-5.3 5.3a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3 1 1 0 0 1-.7-.3 1 1 0 0 1 0-1.4L22.6 8H19c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1Z"></path></svg><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">, opens new tab</span></a></p><nav aria-label="Tags" data-testid="Tags" class="tags-line-module__tags__oT22o article-body-module__element__5eCce"><ul class="tags-module__list__dB1bk"><li class="tags-module__list-item__o05aY"><span data-testid="Text" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__default__R2Ckt tags-module__text__q1pEr">Suggested Topics:</span></li><li class="tags-module__list-item__o05aY"><a href="/business/energy/" aria-label="Energy category" class="button-module__link__A3sD0 button-module__secondary__70gBu button-module__pill__k2sst button-module__w_auto__Sem-F text-button-module__container__i-tuI tag" data-testid="TextButton"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY"><span data-testid="Text" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__bold__chuBM text-module__tag_label_slim__GwAGm text-button-module__btn-text__DeEhy text-button-module__tag_label_slim__Q061K">Energy</span></span></a></li><li class="tags-module__tag-item__at8wi tags-module__list-item__o05aY" data-testid="TooltipWrap"><a href="/business/energy/exploration-production/" class="button-module__link__A3sD0 button-module__secondary__70gBu button-module__pill__k2sst button-module__w_auto__Sem-F text-button-module__container__i-tuI tag" data-testid="TextButton"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY"><span data-testid="Text" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__bold__chuBM text-module__tag_label_slim__GwAGm text-button-module__btn-text__DeEhy text-button-module__tag_label_slim__Q061K">Exploration & Production</span></span></a><button class="loadable-tooltip-module__caretWrapper__8qqNg loadable-tooltip-module__tagCaret__AuBBL" type="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Exploration & Production quick links"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 15 9" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="SvgChevronDown" class="loadable-tooltip-module__caret__W7evz chevron-down"><path d="M14.093.337c-.411-.45-1.028-.45-1.44 0L7.2 6.3 1.749.337c-.411-.45-1.028-.45-1.44 0a1.16 1.16 0 0 0 0 1.576l6.171 6.75c.206.225.515.337.72.337.205 0 .515-.112.72-.338l6.172-6.75a1.16 1.16 0 0 0 0-1.575h.001Z"></path></svg></button></li><li class="tags-module__tag-item__at8wi tags-module__list-item__o05aY" data-testid="TooltipWrap"><a href="/business/energy/refining/" class="button-module__link__A3sD0 button-module__secondary__70gBu button-module__pill__k2sst button-module__w_auto__Sem-F text-button-module__container__i-tuI tag" data-testid="TextButton"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY"><span data-testid="Text" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__bold__chuBM text-module__tag_label_slim__GwAGm text-button-module__btn-text__DeEhy text-button-module__tag_label_slim__Q061K">Refining</span></span></a><button class="loadable-tooltip-module__caretWrapper__8qqNg loadable-tooltip-module__tagCaret__AuBBL" type="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Refining quick links"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 15 9" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="SvgChevronDown" class="loadable-tooltip-module__caret__W7evz chevron-down"><path d="M14.093.337c-.411-.45-1.028-.45-1.44 0L7.2 6.3 1.749.337c-.411-.45-1.028-.45-1.44 0a1.16 1.16 0 0 0 0 1.576l6.171 6.75c.206.225.515.337.72.337.205 0 .515-.112.72-.338l6.172-6.75a1.16 1.16 0 0 0 0-1.575h.001Z"></path></svg></button></li><li class="tags-module__tag-item__at8wi tags-module__list-item__o05aY" data-testid="TooltipWrap"><a href="/business/energy/fuel-oil/" class="button-module__link__A3sD0 button-module__secondary__70gBu button-module__pill__k2sst button-module__w_auto__Sem-F text-button-module__container__i-tuI tag" data-testid="TextButton"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY"><span data-testid="Text" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__bold__chuBM text-module__tag_label_slim__GwAGm text-button-module__btn-text__DeEhy text-button-module__tag_label_slim__Q061K">Fuel Oil</span></span></a><button class="loadable-tooltip-module__caretWrapper__8qqNg loadable-tooltip-module__tagCaret__AuBBL" type="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Fuel Oil quick links"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 15 9" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="SvgChevronDown" class="loadable-tooltip-module__caret__W7evz chevron-down"><path d="M14.093.337c-.411-.45-1.028-.45-1.44 0L7.2 6.3 1.749.337c-.411-.45-1.028-.45-1.44 0a1.16 1.16 0 0 0 0 1.576l6.171 6.75c.206.225.515.337.72.337.205 0 .515-.112.72-.338l6.172-6.75a1.16 1.16 0 0 0 0-1.575h.001Z"></path></svg></button></li><li class="tags-module__tag-item__at8wi tags-module__list-item__o05aY" data-testid="TooltipWrap"><a href="/world/venezuela/" class="button-module__link__A3sD0 button-module__secondary__70gBu button-module__pill__k2sst button-module__w_auto__Sem-F text-button-module__container__i-tuI tag" data-testid="TextButton"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY"><span data-testid="Text" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__bold__chuBM text-module__tag_label_slim__GwAGm text-button-module__btn-text__DeEhy text-button-module__tag_label_slim__Q061K">Venezuela</span></span></a><button class="loadable-tooltip-module__caretWrapper__8qqNg loadable-tooltip-module__tagCaret__AuBBL" type="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Venezuela quick links"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 15 9" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="SvgChevronDown" class="loadable-tooltip-module__caret__W7evz chevron-down"><path d="M14.093.337c-.411-.45-1.028-.45-1.44 0L7.2 6.3 1.749.337c-.411-.45-1.028-.45-1.44 0a1.16 1.16 0 0 0 0 1.576l6.171 6.75c.206.225.515.337.72.337.205 0 .515-.112.72-.338l6.172-6.75a1.16 1.16 0 0 0 0-1.575h.001Z"></path></svg></button></li></ul></nav><div data-testid="ArticleBodyRow" class="article-body-module__row__jhsYg article-body-module__element__5eCce"><div data-testid="ArticleToolbar" class="article-body-module__desktop-only__-UHim" dir="ltr"><div data-testid="ToolbarContainer" class="toolbar-module__container__Vw74x"><div data-testid="SaveSymbols" class="toolbar-item-module__symbol-wrapper__vOLPH"><div><button aria-label="Save article US eases some sanctions on Venezuelan oil industry" class="button-module__button__Pqh0q button-module__secondary__70gBu button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F button-module__has-tooltip__3sOvX toolbar-item-module__symbol-btn__Beam-" type="button" data-testid="Button"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY"><svg width="11" height="17" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="SvgSave" class="svg"><path d="M9.824 1.441V15.56c0 .352-.038.547-.301.32l-3.784-3.247a.378.378 0 00-.478 0L1.477 15.88c-.263.226-.477.124-.477-.228V1.637A.63.63 0 011.619 1h7.763l.442.441z" fill-rule="nonzero" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path></svg></span></button></div></div><div data-testid="SharingSymbols" class="toolbar-item-module__symbol-wrapper__vOLPH toolbar-item-module__overlay__0vABN toolbar-item-module__expanded__ybC3S"><div class="toolbar-item-module__container__-KLhn" data-testid="ToolbarItemContainer"><button aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" id="toolbar-item-parent-share-5977" aria-controls="toolbar-item-dropdown-share-5977" aria-label="Share article" class="button-module__button__Pqh0q button-module__secondary__70gBu button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F button-module__has-tooltip__3sOvX toolbar-item-module__symbol-btn__Beam- toolbar-item-module__hidden__Kg2eo" type="button" data-testid="toolbar-item-parent-share-5977"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY"><div class="utility-module__container__YJxgW" aria-hidden="true"><svg width="21" height="21" viewBox="0 0 21 21" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-labelledby="ShareIconId" role="presentation" class="utility-module__symbol__EQkIM" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><title id="ShareIconId">Share</title><path d="M17.719 14.437c-.926 0-1.762.385-2.359 1.002l-8.839-4.42a3.306 3.306 0 0 0 0-1.038l8.84-4.42a3.282 3.282 0 1 0-.881-1.76l-8.84 4.42a3.282 3.282 0 1 0 0 4.56l8.839 4.418a3.282 3.282 0 1 0 3.24-2.762Z"></path></svg></div></span></button><ul class="toolbar-item-module__symbol-list__YMKbJ" role="menu" id="toolbar-item-dropdown-share-5977" data-testid="toolbar-item-dropdown-share-5977" aria-labelledby="toolbar-item-parent-share-5977"><li class="toolbar-item-module__item__jUoKy" role="menuitem"><button aria-label="Share article on X" headline="US eases some sanctions on Venezuelan oil industry" class="button-module__button__Pqh0q button-module__secondary__70gBu button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F toolbar-item-module__rounded-top__GmqUm" type="button" data-testid="twitter"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY toolbar-item-module__rounded-top__GmqUm"><div class="social-module__container__gCKQP"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 30 30" aria-labelledby="TwitterIconId" role="presentation" class="social-module__symbol__FX9eO" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><title id="TwitterIconId">X</title><path d="M17.923 14.387 25.569 5.5h-1.812l-6.64 7.717L11.817 5.5H5.7l8.018 11.67L5.7 26.49h1.812l7.01-8.15 5.6 8.15h6.116l-8.316-12.102Zm-2.482 2.885-.812-1.162-6.464-9.246h2.783l5.216 7.462.813 1.162 6.78 9.7h-2.782l-5.534-7.915Z"></path></svg></div></span></button></li><li class="toolbar-item-module__item__jUoKy" role="menuitem"><button aria-label="Share article on Facebook" headline="US eases some sanctions on Venezuelan oil industry" class="button-module__button__Pqh0q button-module__secondary__70gBu button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F toolbar-item-module__rounded-none__jyCCH" type="button" data-testid="facebook"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY toolbar-item-module__rounded-none__jyCCH"><div class="social-module__container__gCKQP"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="6 6 20 20" aria-labelledby="FacebookIconId" role="presentation" class="social-module__symbol__FX9eO" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><title id="FacebookIconId">Facebook</title><path d="M16 6.04001C10.5 6.04001 6 10.53 6 16.06C6 21.06 9.66 25.21 14.44 25.96V18.96H11.9V16.06H14.44V13.85C14.44 11.34 15.93 9.96001 18.22 9.96001C19.31 9.96001 20.45 10.15 20.45 10.15V12.62H19.19C17.95 12.62 17.56 13.39 17.56 14.18V16.06H20.34L19.89 18.96H17.56V25.96C19.9164 25.5879 22.0622 24.3855 23.6099 22.5701C25.1576 20.7546 26.0054 18.4457 26 16.06C26 10.53 21.5 6.04001 16 6.04001Z"></path></svg></div></span></button></li><li class="toolbar-item-module__item__jUoKy" role="menuitem"><button aria-label="Share article on LinkedIn" headline="US eases some sanctions on Venezuelan oil industry" class="button-module__button__Pqh0q button-module__secondary__70gBu button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F toolbar-item-module__rounded-none__jyCCH" type="button" data-testid="linkedin"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY toolbar-item-module__rounded-none__jyCCH"><div class="social-module__container__gCKQP"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 21 21" aria-labelledby="LinkedinIconId" role="presentation" class="social-module__symbol__FX9eO" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><title id="LinkedinIconId">Linkedin</title><path d="M19.031 0c1.034 0 1.888.807 1.964 1.822L21 1.97V19.03a1.975 1.975 0 0 1-1.822 1.964L19.03 21H1.97a1.975 1.975 0 0 1-1.964-1.822L0 19.03V1.97C0 .935.807.08 1.822.005L1.97 0H19.03ZM6.3 7.875H3.15v10.063H6.3V7.874Zm7.875-.175c-1.575 0-2.538.788-2.975 1.575v-1.4H8.225v10.063h3.15V12.95c0-1.313.175-2.537 1.838-2.537 1.575 0 1.575 1.487 1.575 2.624v4.9h3.15v-5.425c0-2.712-.613-4.812-3.763-4.812ZM4.637 2.8c-1.05 0-1.837.875-1.837 1.838 0 1.05.875 1.837 1.838 1.837 1.05 0 1.837-.787 1.837-1.837 0-1.05-.875-1.838-1.837-1.838Z"></path></svg></div></span></button></li><li class="toolbar-item-module__item__jUoKy" role="menuitem"><button aria-label="Email article" headline="US eases some sanctions on Venezuelan oil industry" class="button-module__button__Pqh0q button-module__secondary__70gBu button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F toolbar-item-module__rounded-none__jyCCH" type="button" data-testid="email"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY toolbar-item-module__rounded-none__jyCCH"><div class="social-module__container__gCKQP"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 21 18" aria-labelledby="EmailIconId" role="presentation" class="social-module__symbol__FX9eO" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><title id="EmailIconId">Email</title><path d="M20.125 9c.449 0 .819.347.87.795L21 9.9v5.4c0 1.438-1.093 2.613-2.47 2.695l-.155.005H2.625c-1.398 0-2.54-1.124-2.62-2.541L0 15.3V9.9c0-.497.392-.9.875-.9.449 0 .819.347.87.795l.005.105v5.4c0 .462.338.842.773.894l.102.006h15.75a.884.884 0 0 0 .87-.795l.005-.105V9.9c0-.497.392-.9.875-.9Zm-1.75-9C19.825 0 21 1.209 21 2.7v2.7c0 .33-.175.632-.456.79l-9.625 5.4a.854.854 0 0 1-.838 0L.456 6.19A.904.904 0 0 1 0 5.4V2.7C0 1.209 1.175 0 2.625 0h15.75Zm0 1.8H2.625a.888.888 0 0 0-.875.9v2.166l8.75 4.909 8.75-4.91V2.7a.892.892 0 0 0-.773-.894l-.102-.006Z"></path></svg></div></span></button></li><li class="toolbar-item-module__item__jUoKy" role="menuitem"><button aria-label="Copy link" url="https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/us-eases-sanctions-venezuelan-oil-industry-2026-01-29/" class="button-module__button__Pqh0q button-module__secondary__70gBu button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F button-module__has-tooltip__3sOvX toolbar-item-module__rounded-bottom__m23kx article-toolbar-module__tooltip-left-on-tablet__aF4cA" type="button" data-testid="link"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY toolbar-item-module__rounded-bottom__m23kx"><div class="social-module__container__gCKQP"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 16 16" aria-labelledby="LinkIconId" role="presentation" class="social-module__symbol__FX9eO" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><title id="LinkIconId">Link</title><path d="M14.47 1.458a4.163 4.163 0 0 0-5.901 0l-1.28 1.209a.688.688 0 0 0 0 .995c.284.285.71.285.995 0l1.21-1.209a2.878 2.878 0 0 1 3.982 0c1.138 1.067 1.137 2.916.07 3.983l-2.133 2.133-.284.284c-1.28.925-3.058.711-3.982-.569-.214-.284-.711-.355-.996-.142-.285.213-.356.71-.142.996a4.242 4.242 0 0 0 3.413 1.706c.853 0 1.777-.284 2.56-.853.142-.142.284-.284.497-.427l2.134-2.133c1.636-1.636 1.564-4.41-.143-5.973Z"></path><path d="m7.644 12.338-1.209 1.209a2.878 2.878 0 0 1-3.982 0c-1.138-1.067-1.138-2.916-.071-3.983l2.133-2.133.284-.284c.64-.427 1.351-.64 2.134-.57.782.143 1.422.498 1.849 1.138.213.284.71.356.996.143.284-.214.355-.711.142-.996-.71-.924-1.707-1.493-2.773-1.636-1.067-.213-2.205.071-3.13.783l-.426.426L1.458 8.57c-1.636 1.706-1.565 4.409.07 6.044.854.782 1.92 1.209 2.987 1.209 1.067 0 2.134-.427 2.987-1.21l1.209-1.208a.688.688 0 0 0 0-.996c-.284-.285-.782-.356-1.067-.07Z"></path></svg></div></span></button></li></ul></div></div></div></div><a href="https://www.reutersagency.com/en/licensereuterscontent/?utm_medium=rcom-article-media&utm_campaign=rcom-rcp-lead" target="_blank" dir="ltr" class="button-module__link__A3sD0 button-module__secondary__70gBu button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F" data-testid="LicenceContentButton"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY license-content-button-module__button__fVUbl"><span data-testid="Text" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__body_fixed__x-bYA license-content-button-module__text__o0vYm">Purchase Licensing Rights</span></span></a></div><div data-testid="AuthorBio" class="article-body-module__element__5eCce author-bio-module__multiple-authors__YWlFk"><address class="author-bio-module__author-card__x6Fud"><div class="author-bio-module__author-wrapper__0yxtX"><a data-testid="AuthorBioImageLink" class="author-bio-module__author-image__jcaG3" href="/authors/timothy-gardner/" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" tabindex="-1"><div data-testid="AuthorBioImage" class="author-bio-module__image__JYfQ0"><div class="styles-module__image-container__E0mCm styles-module__fill__Ft7kn styles-module__center_center__bzABO styles-module__apply-ratio__u0jXJ styles-module__transition__joucY"></div><noscript><img src="https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fs3.amazonaws.com%2Farc-authors%2Freuters%2F1bb7724b-8fde-4826-bdd0-f0f535c72cd1.png?auth=7bbb8c4ffa85576094b8fc43b04397dae6367ec3080896a1c0ed9c2869edb43a&height=120&width=120&quality=80&smart=true" alt="Timothy Gardner" /></noscript></div></a><div class="author-bio-module__author-info__Q4uAb"><a data-testid="Heading" tabindex="0" rel="author" href="/authors/timothy-gardner/" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6__-zrtS author-bio-module__name__LMaZa">Timothy Gardner</a><p data-testid="Body" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__body__9d61E body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__body__FsjGW author-bio-module__company__eMPr7">Thomson Reuters</p></div></div><p data-testid="Body" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__extra_small__8Buss body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__extra_small_body__Bfz20 author-bio-module__description__9ynkB">Timothy reports on energy and environment policy and is based in Washington, D.C. His coverage ranges from the latest in nuclear power, to environment regulations, to U.S. sanctions and geopolitics. He has been a member of three teams in the past two years that have won Reuters best journalism of the year awards. As a cyclist he is happiest outside.</p><div class="author-bio-module__social__WLpHF" data-testid="SocialIcon"><ul class="social-links-module__container__u-Ga0 social-links-module__condensed__eEJwK social-links-module__wrap-links__Zxr2b" aria-label="Social media links"><li class="item"><a aria-label="Email Timothy Gardner" target="_blank" href="mailto:timothy.gardner@thomsonreuters.com" class="button-module__link__A3sD0 button-module__secondary__70gBu button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F" data-testid="Social"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY"><div class="social-module__container__gCKQP"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 21 18" aria-labelledby="EmailIconId" role="presentation" class="social-module__symbol__FX9eO" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><title id="EmailIconId">Email</title><path d="M20.125 9c.449 0 .819.347.87.795L21 9.9v5.4c0 1.438-1.093 2.613-2.47 2.695l-.155.005H2.625c-1.398 0-2.54-1.124-2.62-2.541L0 15.3V9.9c0-.497.392-.9.875-.9.449 0 .819.347.87.795l.005.105v5.4c0 .462.338.842.773.894l.102.006h15.75a.884.884 0 0 0 .87-.795l.005-.105V9.9c0-.497.392-.9.875-.9Zm-1.75-9C19.825 0 21 1.209 21 2.7v2.7c0 .33-.175.632-.456.79l-9.625 5.4a.854.854 0 0 1-.838 0L.456 6.19A.904.904 0 0 1 0 5.4V2.7C0 1.209 1.175 0 2.625 0h15.75Zm0 1.8H2.625a.888.888 0 0 0-.875.9v2.166l8.75 4.909 8.75-4.91V2.7a.892.892 0 0 0-.773-.894l-.102-.006Z"></path></svg></div></span></a></li><li class="item"><a aria-label="Visit Timothy Gardner on X" target="_blank" href="https://x.com/timogard" class="button-module__link__A3sD0 button-module__secondary__70gBu button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F" data-testid="Social"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY"><div class="social-module__container__gCKQP"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 30 30" aria-labelledby="TwitterIconId" role="presentation" class="social-module__symbol__FX9eO" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><title id="TwitterIconId">X</title><path d="M17.923 14.387 25.569 5.5h-1.812l-6.64 7.717L11.817 5.5H5.7l8.018 11.67L5.7 26.49h1.812l7.01-8.15 5.6 8.15h6.116l-8.316-12.102Zm-2.482 2.885-.812-1.162-6.464-9.246h2.783l5.216 7.462.813 1.162 6.78 9.7h-2.782l-5.534-7.915Z"></path></svg></div></span></a></li><li class="item"><a aria-label="Visit Timothy Gardner on linkedin" target="_blank" href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/timothy-gardner-1448953/" class="button-module__link__A3sD0 button-module__secondary__70gBu button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F" data-testid="Social"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY"><div class="social-module__container__gCKQP"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 21 21" aria-labelledby="LinkedinIconId" role="presentation" class="social-module__symbol__FX9eO" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><title id="LinkedinIconId">Linkedin</title><path d="M19.031 0c1.034 0 1.888.807 1.964 1.822L21 1.97V19.03a1.975 1.975 0 0 1-1.822 1.964L19.03 21H1.97a1.975 1.975 0 0 1-1.964-1.822L0 19.03V1.97C0 .935.807.08 1.822.005L1.97 0H19.03ZM6.3 7.875H3.15v10.063H6.3V7.874Zm7.875-.175c-1.575 0-2.538.788-2.975 1.575v-1.4H8.225v10.063h3.15V12.95c0-1.313.175-2.537 1.838-2.537 1.575 0 1.575 1.487 1.575 2.624v4.9h3.15v-5.425c0-2.712-.613-4.812-3.763-4.812ZM4.637 2.8c-1.05 0-1.837.875-1.837 1.838 0 1.05.875 1.837 1.838 1.837 1.05 0 1.837-.787 1.837-1.837 0-1.05-.875-1.838-1.837-1.838Z"></path></svg></div></span></a></li></ul></div></address><address class="author-bio-module__author-card__x6Fud"><div class="author-bio-module__author-wrapper__0yxtX"><a data-testid="AuthorBioImageLink" class="author-bio-module__author-image__jcaG3" href="/authors/marianna-parraga/" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" tabindex="-1"><div data-testid="AuthorBioImage" class="author-bio-module__image__JYfQ0"><div class="styles-module__image-container__E0mCm styles-module__fill__Ft7kn styles-module__center_center__bzABO styles-module__apply-ratio__u0jXJ styles-module__transition__joucY"></div><noscript><img src="https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fs3.amazonaws.com%2Farc-authors%2Freuters%2F30e89cdb-f8b7-42a0-876b-459747be0bf2.png?auth=ae3edfc2050cce7acb606f71bc188a8e85e817a12f59260a210fe5bd6fb0d60a&height=120&width=120&quality=80&smart=true" alt="Marianna Parraga" /></noscript></div></a><div class="author-bio-module__author-info__Q4uAb"><a data-testid="Heading" tabindex="0" rel="author" href="/authors/marianna-parraga/" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6__-zrtS author-bio-module__name__LMaZa">Marianna Parraga</a><p data-testid="Body" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__body__9d61E body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__body__FsjGW author-bio-module__company__eMPr7">Thomson Reuters</p></div></div><p data-testid="Body" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__extra_small__8Buss body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__extra_small_body__Bfz20 author-bio-module__description__9ynkB">Focused on energy-related sanctions, corruption and money laundering with 20 years of experience covering Latin America's oil and gas industries. Born in Venezuela and based in Houston, she is author of the book "Oro Rojo" about Venezuela's troubled state-run company PDVSA and Mom to three boys.</p><div class="author-bio-module__social__WLpHF" data-testid="SocialIcon"><ul class="social-links-module__container__u-Ga0 social-links-module__condensed__eEJwK social-links-module__wrap-links__Zxr2b" aria-label="Social media links"><li class="item"><a aria-label="Email Marianna Parraga" target="_blank" href="mailto:marianna.parraga@thomsonreuters.com" class="button-module__link__A3sD0 button-module__secondary__70gBu button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F" data-testid="Social"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY"><div class="social-module__container__gCKQP"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 21 18" aria-labelledby="EmailIconId" role="presentation" class="social-module__symbol__FX9eO" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><title id="EmailIconId">Email</title><path d="M20.125 9c.449 0 .819.347.87.795L21 9.9v5.4c0 1.438-1.093 2.613-2.47 2.695l-.155.005H2.625c-1.398 0-2.54-1.124-2.62-2.541L0 15.3V9.9c0-.497.392-.9.875-.9.449 0 .819.347.87.795l.005.105v5.4c0 .462.338.842.773.894l.102.006h15.75a.884.884 0 0 0 .87-.795l.005-.105V9.9c0-.497.392-.9.875-.9Zm-1.75-9C19.825 0 21 1.209 21 2.7v2.7c0 .33-.175.632-.456.79l-9.625 5.4a.854.854 0 0 1-.838 0L.456 6.19A.904.904 0 0 1 0 5.4V2.7C0 1.209 1.175 0 2.625 0h15.75Zm0 1.8H2.625a.888.888 0 0 0-.875.9v2.166l8.75 4.909 8.75-4.91V2.7a.892.892 0 0 0-.773-.894l-.102-.006Z"></path></svg></div></span></a></li><li class="item"><a aria-label="Visit Marianna Parraga on X" target="_blank" href="https://x.com/@mariannaparraga" class="button-module__link__A3sD0 button-module__secondary__70gBu button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F" data-testid="Social"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY"><div class="social-module__container__gCKQP"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 30 30" aria-labelledby="TwitterIconId" role="presentation" class="social-module__symbol__FX9eO" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><title id="TwitterIconId">X</title><path d="M17.923 14.387 25.569 5.5h-1.812l-6.64 7.717L11.817 5.5H5.7l8.018 11.67L5.7 26.49h1.812l7.01-8.15 5.6 8.15h6.116l-8.316-12.102Zm-2.482 2.885-.812-1.162-6.464-9.246h2.783l5.216 7.462.813 1.162 6.78 9.7h-2.782l-5.534-7.915Z"></path></svg></div></span></a></li><li class="item"><a aria-label="Visit Marianna Parraga on linkedin" target="_blank" href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/marianna-p%C3%A1rraga-7833b08b/" class="button-module__link__A3sD0 button-module__secondary__70gBu button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F" data-testid="Social"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY"><div class="social-module__container__gCKQP"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 21 21" aria-labelledby="LinkedinIconId" role="presentation" class="social-module__symbol__FX9eO" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><title id="LinkedinIconId">Linkedin</title><path d="M19.031 0c1.034 0 1.888.807 1.964 1.822L21 1.97V19.03a1.975 1.975 0 0 1-1.822 1.964L19.03 21H1.97a1.975 1.975 0 0 1-1.964-1.822L0 19.03V1.97C0 .935.807.08 1.822.005L1.97 0H19.03ZM6.3 7.875H3.15v10.063H6.3V7.874Zm7.875-.175c-1.575 0-2.538.788-2.975 1.575v-1.4H8.225v10.063h3.15V12.95c0-1.313.175-2.537 1.838-2.537 1.575 0 1.575 1.487 1.575 2.624v4.9h3.15v-5.425c0-2.712-.613-4.812-3.763-4.812ZM4.637 2.8c-1.05 0-1.837.875-1.837 1.838 0 1.05.875 1.837 1.838 1.837 1.05 0 1.837-.787 1.837-1.837 0-1.05-.875-1.838-1.837-1.838Z"></path></svg></div></span></a></li></ul></div></address></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="article-module__read-next__xukaw"><div data-testid="ReadNextV2" class="spacing-container-module__container__pUI7w spacing-container-module__tablet-mobile-only__Gr4LX spacing-container-module__max-width__v4xCG read-next-v2-module__container__kEE6i" dir="ltr"><div class="read-next-v2-module__content__3amFY"><div class="read-next-v2-module__header__Sts-r"><h2 data-testid="Heading" id="read-next-v2-heading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_5__0myM8 heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_5__CSjbg read-next-v2-module__label__04XL3">Read Next</h2></div><div class="read-next-panel"><div data-testid="read-next-buttons" class="read-next-v2-module__controls__OnJRm" lang="en"><button aria-label="Scroll back" aria-controls="carousel-container" class="button-module__button__Pqh0q button-module__secondary__70gBu button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F button-module__disabled__Jrv4E button-module__has-tooltip__3sOvX read-next-v2-module__step-button__VFEbX" disabled="" type="button" data-testid="Button"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 15 9" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="SvgChevronLeft" class="read-next-v2-module__arrow__ez0lb svg-module__chevron-left__Wn1FO"><path d="M14.093.337c-.411-.45-1.028-.45-1.44 0L7.2 6.3 1.749.337c-.411-.45-1.028-.45-1.44 0a1.16 1.16 0 0 0 0 1.576l6.171 6.75c.206.225.515.337.72.337.205 0 .515-.112.72-.338l6.172-6.75a1.16 1.16 0 0 0 0-1.575h.001Z"></path></svg></span></button><button aria-label="Scroll forward" aria-controls="carousel-container" class="button-module__button__Pqh0q button-module__secondary__70gBu button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F button-module__has-tooltip__3sOvX read-next-v2-module__step-button__VFEbX" type="button" data-testid="Button"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 15 9" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="SvgChevronRight" class="read-next-v2-module__arrow__ez0lb svg-module__chevron-right__6kGT2"><path d="M14.093.337c-.411-.45-1.028-.45-1.44 0L7.2 6.3 1.749.337c-.411-.45-1.028-.45-1.44 0a1.16 1.16 0 0 0 0 1.576l6.171 6.75c.206.225.515.337.72.337.205 0 .515-.112.72-.338l6.172-6.75a1.16 1.16 0 0 0 0-1.575h.001Z"></path></svg></span></button></div><ul class="read-next-v2-module__stories__gPnBc" id="carousel-container"><li class="read-next-v2-module__item__F8aJ9"><div class="story-card-module__tpl-common__G5wYS story-card-module__tpl-full-media-on-top__ps3O2 story-card-module__transition-no-date-for-extra-wide-desktop__20m3z story-card-module__transition-no-date-for-desktop__b65V6 story-card-module__transition-no-date-for-tablet__2zqMx story-card-module__transition-media-on-right-for-mobile__ygju8 read-next-v2-module__story-card__Bus22" data-are-authors="true" data-has-multiple-authors="true" data-dir="ltr" data-testid="StoryCard" tabindex="-1"><time data-testid="DateLineText" dateTime="2026-01-29T23:10:24.581Z" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__light__ZYtNU text-module__ultra_small__6-vhY story-card-module__area-date__p9wlR"> ago</time><span data-testid="KickerLabel" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__light__ZYtNU text-module__extra_small__8Buss label-module__label__Sv2H2 label-module__kicker__jiI-y story-card-module__area-kicker__CYVuk"><a data-testid="KickerLink" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/world/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__inherit-font__1P1hv text-module__inherit-size__EyiQW link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC">World<span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">category</span></a></span><div data-testid="Title" class="title-module__title__Lr6MH story-card-module__area-headline__N6EZa"><a data-testid="TitleLink" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/world/americas/trump-impose-tariffs-goods-nations-nations-giving-oil-cuba-white-house-says-2026-01-29/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__inherit-font__1P1hv text-module__inherit-size__EyiQW link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC"><span data-testid="TitleHeading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6__-zrtS title-module__heading__ZrRzk">Trump threatens tariffs on any nation supplying Cuba with oil</span></a></div><div class=" image-container no-caption story-card-module__area-media__N2Hg6" data-testid="MediaImage"><a data-testid="MediaImageLink" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/world/americas/trump-impose-tariffs-goods-nations-nations-giving-oil-cuba-white-house-says-2026-01-29/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_default__-okuC image-module__container__dqGwP story-card-module__image-link__4wq06"><div data-testid="Image" class="image story-card-module__image__NNKq2"><div class="styles-module__image-container__E0mCm styles-module__cover__SgyOM styles-module__center_center__bzABO styles-module__apply-ratio__u0jXJ styles-module__transition__joucY" style="--aspect-ratio:1.5"></div><noscript><img src="https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/L7EN23JCJFLAJFNMBX2CSRS6JU.jpg?auth=bf322c6dc44e2712e319225223268a9f40668035829eb51570e20021a5d0323d&width=1200&quality=80" alt="Cuba defiant after Trump says island to receive no more Venezuelan oil or money" /></noscript></div></a></div></div></li><li class="read-next-v2-module__item__F8aJ9"><div class="story-card-module__tpl-common__G5wYS story-card-module__tpl-full-media-on-top__ps3O2 story-card-module__transition-no-date-for-extra-wide-desktop__20m3z story-card-module__transition-no-date-for-desktop__b65V6 story-card-module__transition-no-date-for-tablet__2zqMx story-card-module__transition-media-on-right-for-mobile__ygju8 read-next-v2-module__story-card__Bus22" data-are-authors="true" data-has-multiple-authors="false" data-dir="ltr" data-testid="StoryCard" tabindex="-1"><time data-testid="DateLineText" dateTime="2026-01-29T23:36:57.258Z" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__light__ZYtNU text-module__ultra_small__6-vhY story-card-module__area-date__p9wlR"> ago</time><span data-testid="KickerLabel" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__light__ZYtNU text-module__extra_small__8Buss label-module__label__Sv2H2 label-module__kicker__jiI-y story-card-module__area-kicker__CYVuk"><a data-testid="KickerLink" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/business/energy/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__inherit-font__1P1hv text-module__inherit-size__EyiQW link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC">Energy<span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">category</span></a></span><div data-testid="Title" class="title-module__title__Lr6MH story-card-module__area-headline__N6EZa"><a data-testid="TitleLink" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" aria-label="Sweeping oil reform in Venezuela approved, operators expected to gain autonomy, includes gallery" href="/business/energy/sweeping-oil-reform-venezuela-approved-operators-expected-gain-autonomy-2026-01-29/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__inherit-font__1P1hv text-module__inherit-size__EyiQW link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC"><span data-testid="TitleHeading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6__-zrtS title-module__heading__ZrRzk">Sweeping oil reform in Venezuela approved, operators expected to gain autonomy</span></a></div><div class=" image-container no-caption story-card-module__area-media__N2Hg6" data-testid="MediaImage"><a data-testid="MediaImageLink" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/business/energy/sweeping-oil-reform-venezuela-approved-operators-expected-gain-autonomy-2026-01-29/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_default__-okuC image-module__container__dqGwP story-card-module__image-link__4wq06"><div data-testid="Image" class="image story-card-module__image__NNKq2"><div class="styles-module__image-container__E0mCm styles-module__cover__SgyOM styles-module__center_center__bzABO styles-module__apply-ratio__u0jXJ styles-module__transition__joucY" style="--aspect-ratio:1.5"></div><noscript><img src="https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/UQ3HLJSLYNJ53O2VAQ6OPFC6SQ.jpg?auth=fc07759e4b18ff121d16856ea1305ca50169d046ef166901e28f3645864b86f2&width=1200&quality=80" alt="Installations of El Palito refinery of Venezuelan state oil company PDVSA, in Puerto Cabello" /></noscript></div></a></div></div></li><li class="read-next-v2-module__item__F8aJ9"><div class="story-card-module__tpl-common__G5wYS story-card-module__tpl-full-media-on-top__ps3O2 story-card-module__transition-no-date-for-extra-wide-desktop__20m3z story-card-module__transition-no-date-for-desktop__b65V6 story-card-module__transition-no-date-for-tablet__2zqMx story-card-module__transition-media-on-right-for-mobile__ygju8 read-next-v2-module__story-card__Bus22" data-are-authors="true" data-has-multiple-authors="false" data-dir="ltr" data-testid="StoryCard" tabindex="-1"><time data-testid="DateLineText" dateTime="2026-01-29T12:21:43Z" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__light__ZYtNU text-module__ultra_small__6-vhY story-card-module__area-date__p9wlR"> ago</time><span data-testid="KickerLabel" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__light__ZYtNU text-module__extra_small__8Buss label-module__label__Sv2H2 label-module__kicker__jiI-y story-card-module__area-kicker__CYVuk"><a data-testid="KickerLink" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/business/energy/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__inherit-font__1P1hv text-module__inherit-size__EyiQW link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC">Energy<span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">category</span></a></span><div data-testid="Title" class="title-module__title__Lr6MH story-card-module__area-headline__N6EZa"><a data-testid="TitleLink" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/business/energy/oil-prices-rise-third-day-increasing-concerns-iran-attack-2026-01-29/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__inherit-font__1P1hv text-module__inherit-size__EyiQW link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC"><span data-testid="TitleHeading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6__-zrtS title-module__heading__ZrRzk">Oil prices surge 3% to five-month high on worries US could attack Iran</span></a></div><div class=" image-container no-caption story-card-module__area-media__N2Hg6" data-testid="MediaImage"><a data-testid="MediaImageLink" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/business/energy/oil-prices-rise-third-day-increasing-concerns-iran-attack-2026-01-29/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_default__-okuC image-module__container__dqGwP story-card-module__image-link__4wq06"><div data-testid="Image" class="image story-card-module__image__NNKq2"><div class="styles-module__image-container__E0mCm styles-module__cover__SgyOM styles-module__center_center__bzABO styles-module__apply-ratio__u0jXJ styles-module__transition__joucY" style="--aspect-ratio:1.5"></div><noscript><img src="https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/NQCTFX7TSBN5VNJKWTOJ2WP5M4.jpg?auth=d6d8a7009dfdfb83484086242e95b936d4eb8307f0b8546599a209dc0aec174f&width=1200&quality=80" alt="Permian Basin oil field near Odessa" /></noscript></div></a></div></div></li><li class="read-next-v2-module__item__F8aJ9"><div class="story-card-module__tpl-common__G5wYS story-card-module__tpl-full-media-on-top__ps3O2 story-card-module__transition-no-date-for-extra-wide-desktop__20m3z story-card-module__transition-no-date-for-desktop__b65V6 story-card-module__transition-no-date-for-tablet__2zqMx story-card-module__transition-media-on-right-for-mobile__ygju8 read-next-v2-module__story-card__Bus22" data-are-authors="true" data-has-multiple-authors="true" data-dir="ltr" data-testid="StoryCard" tabindex="-1"><time data-testid="DateLineText" dateTime="2026-01-29T19:37:02.707Z" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__light__ZYtNU text-module__ultra_small__6-vhY story-card-module__area-date__p9wlR"> ago</time><span data-testid="KickerLabel" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__light__ZYtNU text-module__extra_small__8Buss label-module__label__Sv2H2 label-module__kicker__jiI-y story-card-module__area-kicker__CYVuk"><a data-testid="KickerLink" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/business/energy/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__inherit-font__1P1hv text-module__inherit-size__EyiQW link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC">Energy<span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">category</span></a></span><div data-testid="Title" class="title-module__title__Lr6MH story-card-module__area-headline__N6EZa"><a data-testid="TitleLink" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/business/energy/us-faces-growing-risks-power-outages-due-rising-winter-demand-changing-fuel-mix-2026-01-29/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__inherit-font__1P1hv text-module__inherit-size__EyiQW link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC"><span data-testid="TitleHeading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6__-zrtS title-module__heading__ZrRzk">US faces growing risks of power outages due to rising winter demand, changing fuel mix</span></a></div><div class=" image-container no-caption story-card-module__area-media__N2Hg6" data-testid="MediaImage"><a data-testid="MediaImageLink" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/business/energy/us-faces-growing-risks-power-outages-due-rising-winter-demand-changing-fuel-mix-2026-01-29/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_default__-okuC image-module__container__dqGwP story-card-module__image-link__4wq06"><div data-testid="Image" class="image story-card-module__image__NNKq2"><div class="styles-module__image-container__E0mCm styles-module__cover__SgyOM styles-module__center_center__bzABO styles-module__apply-ratio__u0jXJ styles-module__transition__joucY" style="--aspect-ratio:1.5"></div><noscript><img src="https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/SOZCCJ5BPZMAJKSVVONONPJPOE.jpg?auth=8b6a4fb4a9850aafff96791f4d1d98d3b22dce1f0826b72532090b5bb717901b&width=1200&quality=80" alt="Major power outage hits San Francisco" /></noscript></div></a></div></div></li><li class="read-next-v2-module__item__F8aJ9"><div class="story-card-module__tpl-common__G5wYS story-card-module__tpl-full-media-on-top__ps3O2 story-card-module__transition-no-date-for-extra-wide-desktop__20m3z story-card-module__transition-no-date-for-desktop__b65V6 story-card-module__transition-no-date-for-tablet__2zqMx story-card-module__transition-media-on-right-for-mobile__ygju8 read-next-v2-module__story-card__Bus22" data-are-authors="true" data-has-multiple-authors="true" data-dir="ltr" data-testid="StoryCard" tabindex="-1"><time data-testid="DateLineText" dateTime="2026-01-29T12:53:05Z" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__medium-grey__yZtlg text-module__light__ZYtNU text-module__ultra_small__6-vhY story-card-module__area-date__p9wlR"> ago</time><span data-testid="KickerLabel" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__light__ZYtNU text-module__extra_small__8Buss label-module__label__Sv2H2 label-module__kicker__jiI-y story-card-module__area-kicker__CYVuk"><a data-testid="KickerLink" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/business/energy/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__inherit-font__1P1hv text-module__inherit-size__EyiQW link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC">Energy<span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">category</span></a></span><div data-testid="Title" class="title-module__title__Lr6MH story-card-module__area-headline__N6EZa"><a data-testid="TitleLink" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" aria-label="US Carlyle Group agrees to buy Lukoil's global assets after sanctions pressure, includes video" href="/business/energy/russias-lukoil-agrees-sell-international-assets-carlyle-2026-01-29/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__inherit-font__1P1hv text-module__inherit-size__EyiQW link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC"><span data-testid="TitleHeading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6__-zrtS title-module__heading__ZrRzk">US Carlyle Group agrees to buy Lukoil's global assets after sanctions pressure</span></a></div><div class=" image-container no-caption story-card-module__area-media__N2Hg6" data-testid="MediaImage"><a data-testid="MediaImageLink" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/business/energy/russias-lukoil-agrees-sell-international-assets-carlyle-2026-01-29/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_default__-okuC image-module__container__dqGwP story-card-module__image-link__4wq06"><div data-testid="Image" class="image story-card-module__image__NNKq2"><div class="styles-module__image-container__E0mCm styles-module__cover__SgyOM styles-module__center_center__bzABO styles-module__apply-ratio__u0jXJ styles-module__transition__joucY" style="--aspect-ratio:1.5"></div><noscript><img src="https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/5EZTTS5V6ZKQ5KFCTDS3CSLYBU.jpg?auth=6f729c83feef9368f87582e723eb04abc139f4e27f7c6a11f07c9bc9f851519b&width=1200&quality=80" alt="Views of Lukoil oil company's headquarters in Moscow" /></noscript></div><div data-testid="MediaImageMediaSymbol" class="image-module__media__IKLV9 media-module__symbol__O-kyE media-module__corner__lBxSF"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 16 20" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" aria-labelledby="react-aria-:R2b4mkpcm:"><path d="m15.499 9.173-14-9.022C1.2-.05.8-.05.5.15c-.3.1-.5.4-.5.802v18.045c0 .4.2.701.5.902.2.1.3.1.5.1s.4-.1.5-.2l14-9.023c.3-.201.5-.502.5-.802 0-.301-.2-.702-.5-.803l-.001.001ZM2 17.193V2.757L13.2 9.975 2 17.193Z"></path></svg></div></a></div></div></li></ul></div></div></div></div></article></main><div data-testid="RegularArticleLayoutRightRail" class="regular-article-layout-module__right-rail__2qiLA" dir="ltr"><div class="regular-article-layout-module__box-link__GbJKV"></div><div class="regular-article-layout-module__refinitiv_workspace__qkKBR"><div class="spacing-container-module__container__pUI7w spacing-container-module__t-spacing-single__BkBkc spacing-container-module__b-spacing-single__NVeK6 spacing-container-module__tablet-mobile-only__Gr4LX" data-variant-id="workspace-banner" collection="features" type="common/workspace-article-banner" id="f0fHAvEPdlmJgY" name="Workspace Article Banner" contentConfig="[object Object]" displayProperties="[object Object]" variants="[object Object]"><a href="https://www.lseg.com/en/data-analytics/products/workspace?utm_source=reuters.com&utm_medium=articlebanner&utm_campaign=Reuters_ProductPage_Links"><div data-testid="Image" class="workspace-article-banner-module__image__F14iP"><div class="styles-module__image-container__E0mCm styles-module__cover__SgyOM styles-module__center_center__bzABO styles-module__apply-ratio__u0jXJ styles-module__transition__joucY"></div><noscript><img src="https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/AE6BNNRLSVAQTFG5XHTC4AV6YI.jpg" alt="LSEG Workspace" /></noscript></div></a></div></div><div class="regular-article-layout-module__newsletter__xpokK"></div></div><div class="regular-article-layout-module__related__-8p9V" dir="ltr"><div data-testid="Dianomi" lang="en" class="spacing-container-module__container__pUI7w spacing-container-module__t-spacing-single__BkBkc spacing-container-module__b-spacing-single__NVeK6 spacing-container-module__tablet-mobile-only__Gr4LX spacing-container-module__max-width__v4xCG"><div class="dianomi_context" data-dianomi-context-id="2383"></div></div><div data-testid="Dianomi" lang="en" class="spacing-container-module__container__pUI7w spacing-container-module__t-spacing-single__BkBkc spacing-container-module__b-spacing-single__NVeK6 spacing-container-module__tablet-mobile-only__Gr4LX spacing-container-module__max-width__v4xCG"><div class="dianomi_context" data-dianomi-context-id="1479"></div></div><div data-testid="Topic" class="divider-container-module__container__MpXC- default divider-container-module__max-width__KpWSo"><div class="topic-module__header__R-Wxz"><h2 data-testid="SectionNameHeading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_5__0myM8 heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_5__CSjbg section-name-module__section_name__ORRlj topic-module__label__yQ-5Q"><a data-testid="SectionNameLink" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/business/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__inherit-font__1P1hv text-module__inherit-size__EyiQW link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC">Business<span class="section-name-module__chevron_wrapper__fluOT"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 15 9" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="SectionNameArrowRight" class="section-name-module__chevron__1s7EF svg-module__chevron-right__6kGT2"><path d="M14.093.337c-.411-.45-1.028-.45-1.44 0L7.2 6.3 1.749.337c-.411-.45-1.028-.45-1.44 0a1.16 1.16 0 0 0 0 1.576l6.171 6.75c.206.225.515.337.72.337.205 0 .515-.112.72-.338l6.172-6.75a1.16 1.16 0 0 0 0-1.575h.001Z"></path></svg></span></a></h2></div><ul class="story-collection-module__one_hero_and_two_columns__8YnUb story-collection-module__list__gnUqs story-collection-module__with-hero__npPIU" data-testid="StoryCollection"><li class="story-collection-module__list-item__nvJUz story-collection-module__hero__gKDSI story-collection-module__default__k3Xt2 story-collection-module__with-spacing__OhP-U" id="P2U47LNWDBI2LAIQRWGVKFZTVY" data-testid="one_hero_and_two_columns"><div data-testid="MediaStoryCard" class="media-story-card-module__hero__UeoFK story-card"><div class="media-story-card-module__placement-container__1ZSB1"><a href="/world/uk/london-metal-exchange-resumes-trade-after-one-hour-delay-2026-01-30/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade"><div class="media-story-card-module__image-container__fJn9a"><div data-testid="Image" class="image"><div class="styles-module__image-container__E0mCm styles-module__cover__SgyOM styles-module__center_center__bzABO styles-module__apply-ratio__u0jXJ styles-module__transition__joucY" style="--aspect-ratio:1.5"></div><noscript><img src="https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/TUF6XVH24JONRJ7IF33I4F766U.jpg?auth=1df2c00596aedb9c65b2a201f95bed1fddf7be37ee42b2677f43c8cedd440edb&width=1200&quality=80" width="5336" height="3557" alt="Traders work on the floor of the London Metal Exchange" /></noscript></div></div></a></div><div class="media-story-card-module__body__nZjo1"><h3 data-testid="Heading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_3__mSQzZ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_3__ESrdL"><a data-testid="Link" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/world/uk/london-metal-exchange-resumes-trade-after-one-hour-delay-2026-01-30/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__inherit-font__1P1hv text-module__inherit-size__EyiQW link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-module__inherit-line-height__1vd2c media-story-card-module__heading__xgKcP">London Metal Exchange resumes trade after one-hour delay</a></h3><span data-testid="Label" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__light__ZYtNU text-module__default__R2Ckt label-module__label__Sv2H2 kicker_hero media-story-card-module__section__PyVDc"><a data-testid="Link" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/world/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__inherit-font__1P1hv text-module__inherit-size__EyiQW link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC"><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">category</span></a> · <time dateTime="2026-01-30T02:29:35.221Z">January 30, 2026 · 2:29 AM UTC</time> · ago</span><p data-testid="Body" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__large__03GSP body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__large_body__NQgnj media-story-card-module__description__DzXN2">The London Metal Exchange has resumed trading on Friday after a one-hour delay due to technical issues.</p></div></div></li><li class="story-collection-module__list-item__nvJUz story-collection-module__story__A3dpi story-collection-module__default__k3Xt2 story-collection-module__with-spacing__OhP-U" id="PSPVI53FYFIDPG7NMCD67YFBEI" data-testid="one_hero_and_two_columns"><div data-testid="MediaStoryCard" class="media-story-card-module__hub__y3KsD story-card"><div class="media-story-card-module__placement-container__1ZSB1"><a href="/world/india/indian-equity-benchmarks-set-muted-start-weak-rupee-rising-oil-prices-weigh-2026-01-30/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade"><div class="media-story-card-module__image-container__fJn9a"><div data-testid="Image" class="image"><div class="styles-module__image-container__E0mCm styles-module__cover__SgyOM styles-module__center_center__bzABO styles-module__apply-ratio__u0jXJ styles-module__transition__joucY" style="--aspect-ratio:1.5"></div><noscript><img src="https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/WSSUKRRI6ZI3RJRA33PQPGXO6Y.jpg?auth=99871db0735b660c37c50a78e2eec427c2a7cd3980be334547ef9e15f24b7612&width=960&quality=80" width="5500" height="3667" alt="People walk outside the National Stock Exchange (NSE) in Mumbai" /></noscript></div></div></a></div><div class="media-story-card-module__body__nZjo1"><span data-testid="Label" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__light__ZYtNU text-module__extra_small__8Buss label-module__label__Sv2H2 label-module__kicker__jiI-y media-story-card-module__section__PyVDc"><a data-testid="Link" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/world/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__inherit-font__1P1hv text-module__inherit-size__EyiQW link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC"><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">category</span></a></span><a data-testid="Heading" href="/world/india/indian-equity-benchmarks-set-muted-start-weak-rupee-rising-oil-prices-weigh-2026-01-30/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6__-zrtS media-story-card-module__headline__ZWaRz">Indian equity benchmarks set for muted start; weak rupee, rising oil prices weigh</a><div class="media-story-card-module__date-line__37fk5"><time data-testid="Label" dateTime="2026-01-30T02:26:10.621Z" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__extra_small__8Buss label-module__label__Sv2H2 label-module__small__0kHqa date">2:26 AM UTC</time></div></div></div></li><li class="story-collection-module__list-item__nvJUz story-collection-module__story__A3dpi story-collection-module__default__k3Xt2 story-collection-module__with-spacing__OhP-U" id="NANCZGKRT5I3FGNWTKDV7FRBP4" data-testid="one_hero_and_two_columns"><div data-testid="MediaStoryCard" class="media-story-card-module__hub__y3KsD story-card"><div class="media-story-card-module__placement-container__1ZSB1"><a href="/world/india/gold-slips-firmer-dollar-set-best-month-since-1980-2026-01-30/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade"><div class="media-story-card-module__image-container__fJn9a"><div data-testid="Image" class="image"><div class="styles-module__image-container__E0mCm styles-module__cover__SgyOM styles-module__center_center__bzABO styles-module__apply-ratio__u0jXJ styles-module__transition__joucY" style="--aspect-ratio:1.5"></div><noscript><img src="https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/CSJORE3O5ZNZZGCETPE4QK2AZ4.jpg?auth=1e323648d170290c9ce201c1d17d69388adbdc154cbf61f568c7e30788574c65&width=960&quality=80" width="2584" height="1711" alt="Gold jewelry is displayed in a shop window as global gold prices hovered near all-time highs in New York" /></noscript></div><div data-testid="Media" class="media-story-card-module__media__a-Vic media-module__symbol__O-kyE media-module__corner__lBxSF"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 16 20" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" aria-labelledby="react-aria-:R2bdfcm:"><path d="m15.499 9.173-14-9.022C1.2-.05.8-.05.5.15c-.3.1-.5.4-.5.802v18.045c0 .4.2.701.5.902.2.1.3.1.5.1s.4-.1.5-.2l14-9.023c.3-.201.5-.502.5-.802 0-.301-.2-.702-.5-.803l-.001.001ZM2 17.193V2.757L13.2 9.975 2 17.193Z"></path></svg></div></div></a></div><div class="media-story-card-module__body__nZjo1"><span data-testid="Label" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__light__ZYtNU text-module__extra_small__8Buss label-module__label__Sv2H2 label-module__kicker__jiI-y media-story-card-module__section__PyVDc"><a data-testid="Link" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/world/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__inherit-font__1P1hv text-module__inherit-size__EyiQW link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC"><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">category</span></a></span><a data-testid="Heading" href="/world/india/gold-slips-firmer-dollar-set-best-month-since-1980-2026-01-30/" aria-label="Gold slips on firmer dollar, but set for best month since 1980, includes video" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6__-zrtS media-story-card-module__headline__ZWaRz">Gold slips on firmer dollar, but set for best month since 1980</a><div class="media-story-card-module__date-line__37fk5"><time data-testid="Label" dateTime="2026-01-30T02:04:53.61Z" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__extra_small__8Buss label-module__label__Sv2H2 label-module__small__0kHqa date">2:04 AM UTC</time></div></div></div></li><li class="story-collection-module__list-item__nvJUz story-collection-module__story__A3dpi story-collection-module__default__k3Xt2 story-collection-module__with-spacing__OhP-U" id="6TY3JJEIHZPINCVM6HBD5XRBTY" data-testid="one_hero_and_two_columns"><div data-testid="MediaStoryCard" class="media-story-card-module__hub__y3KsD story-card"><div class="media-story-card-module__placement-container__1ZSB1"><a href="/world/us/former-fed-governor-warsh-met-with-trump-thursday-2026-01-30/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade"><div class="media-story-card-module__image-container__fJn9a"><div data-testid="Image" class="image"><div class="styles-module__image-container__E0mCm styles-module__cover__SgyOM styles-module__center_center__bzABO styles-module__apply-ratio__u0jXJ styles-module__transition__joucY" style="--aspect-ratio:1.5"></div><noscript><img src="https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/Y3A3YORDCFOP7PZRREBJNTN5BU.jpg?auth=079d675f57424ad7f2ffa023cc031db796e2cea944619453c790a64954f043dd&width=960&quality=80" width="2283" height="1530" alt="Former U.S. Federal Reserve Governor Kevin Warsh attends a monetary policy conference at Stanford University's Hoover Institution in Palo Alto, California" /></noscript></div></div></a></div><div class="media-story-card-module__body__nZjo1"><span data-testid="Label" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__light__ZYtNU text-module__extra_small__8Buss label-module__label__Sv2H2 label-module__kicker__jiI-y media-story-card-module__section__PyVDc"><a data-testid="Link" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/world/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__inherit-font__1P1hv text-module__inherit-size__EyiQW link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC">World<span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">category</span></a></span><a data-testid="Heading" href="/world/us/former-fed-governor-warsh-met-with-trump-thursday-2026-01-30/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6__-zrtS media-story-card-module__headline__ZWaRz">Former Fed Governor Warsh met with Trump on Thursday </a><div class="media-story-card-module__date-line__37fk5"><time data-testid="Label" dateTime="2026-01-30T02:01:31.597Z" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__extra_small__8Buss label-module__label__Sv2H2 label-module__small__0kHqa date">2:01 AM UTC</time></div></div></div></li><li class="story-collection-module__list-item__nvJUz story-collection-module__story__A3dpi story-collection-module__default__k3Xt2 story-collection-module__with-spacing__OhP-U" id="345TN7QQMFP25JMH3JDPS6LMGU" data-testid="one_hero_and_two_columns"><div data-testid="MediaStoryCard" class="media-story-card-module__hub__y3KsD story-card"><div class="media-story-card-module__placement-container__1ZSB1"><a href="/business/sandisk-forecasts-profit-surge-secures-supply-deal-ai-fuels-storage-demand-2026-01-30/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade"><div class="media-story-card-module__image-container__fJn9a"><div data-testid="Image" class="image"><div class="styles-module__image-container__E0mCm styles-module__cover__SgyOM styles-module__center_center__bzABO styles-module__apply-ratio__u0jXJ styles-module__transition__joucY" style="--aspect-ratio:1.5"></div><noscript><img src="https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/466BJJQ7PVGY5O53NZ3KL65MHM.png?auth=b9c3bf166c40a6778eb5672993fde7c30a15f48329026674eff92afd8da1d0ca&width=960&quality=80" width="1024" height="740" alt="Reuters logo" /></noscript></div></div></a></div><div class="media-story-card-module__body__nZjo1"><span data-testid="Label" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__light__ZYtNU text-module__extra_small__8Buss label-module__label__Sv2H2 label-module__kicker__jiI-y media-story-card-module__section__PyVDc"><a data-testid="Link" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/business/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__inherit-font__1P1hv text-module__inherit-size__EyiQW link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC">Business<span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">category</span></a></span><a data-testid="Heading" href="/business/sandisk-forecasts-profit-surge-secures-supply-deal-ai-fuels-storage-demand-2026-01-30/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6__-zrtS media-story-card-module__headline__ZWaRz">Sandisk forecasts profit surge, secures supply deal as AI fuels storage demand</a><div class="media-story-card-module__date-line__37fk5"><time data-testid="Label" dateTime="2026-01-30T01:48:39.194Z" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__extra_small__8Buss label-module__label__Sv2H2 label-module__small__0kHqa date">1:48 AM UTC</time></div></div></div></li></ul></div><div data-testid="Dianomi" lang="en" class="spacing-container-module__container__pUI7w spacing-container-module__t-spacing-single__BkBkc spacing-container-module__b-spacing-single__NVeK6 spacing-container-module__tablet-mobile-only__Gr4LX spacing-container-module__max-width__v4xCG"><div class="dianomi_context" data-dianomi-context-id="1480"></div></div></div></div></div><div class="regular-article-layout-module__footer-container__7D010"><footer data-testid="SiteFooter" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="site-footer-module__quick-links__QjkVx"><h2 data-testid="SiteIndexHeading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_1__6y5jC heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_1__gAjWp site-footer-module__visually-hidden__Kk9bX">Site Index</h2><div class="site-footer-module__content-container__ahMID"><div class="site-footer-module__latest-and-media__J7IXe site-footer-module__hidden-tablet-up__UAMlc"><section data-testid="LinkGroup" class="site-footer-module__link-group__Hxt4R"><h2 data-testid="Heading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__light__ZYtNU text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6_light__klgho link-group-module__label__mDGn2">Latest</h2><ul class="link-group-module__list__yrOzI link-group-module__vertical__vGvtx"><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="Latest" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Home</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="Latest" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/sitemap/authors/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Authors</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="Latest" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/sitemap/topics/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Topic Sitemap</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="Latest" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/archive/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Archive</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="Latest" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/sitemap/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Article Sitemap</span></a></li></ul></section><section data-testid="LinkGroup" class="site-footer-module__link-group__Hxt4R site-footer-module__media__nbmoh"><h2 data-testid="Heading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__light__ZYtNU text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6_light__klgho link-group-module__label__mDGn2">Media</h2><ul class="link-group-module__list__yrOzI link-group-module__vertical__vGvtx"><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><div data-testid="Media" class="link-group-module__symbol__vLvQd media-module__symbol__O-kyE media-module__none__3jUM3"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 16 11" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" aria-labelledby="react-aria-:Rj8oum:"><path d="M15.6665,1.5665 C15.4665,1.433 15.2,1.5 15,1.633 L11.3335,4.233 L11.3335,2.1665 C11.3335,1.033 10.467,0.1665 9.3335,0.1665 L2,0.1665 C0.8665,0.1665 0,1.033 0,2.1665 L0,8.833 C0,9.9665 0.8665,10.833 2,10.833 L9.3335,10.833 C10.467,10.833 11.3335,9.9665 11.3335,8.833 L11.3335,6.7665 L14.9335,9.3665 C15.067,9.433 15.2,9.5 15.3335,9.5 C15.467,9.5 15.5335,9.5 15.667,9.4335 C15.867,9.3 16.0005,9.1 16.0005,8.8335 L16.0005,2.167 C16.0005,1.9005 15.867,1.7005 15.667,1.567 L15.6665,1.5665 Z M10,8.8335 C10,9.2335 9.7335,9.5 9.3335,9.5 L2,9.5 C1.6,9.5 1.3335,9.2335 1.3335,8.8335 L1.3335,2.167 C1.3335,1.767 1.6,1.5005 2,1.5005 L9.3335,1.5005 C9.7335,1.5005 10,1.767 10,2.167 L10,8.8335 Z M14.6665,7.5665 L11.8,5.5 L14.6665,3.4335 L14.6665,7.567 L14.6665,7.5665 Z"></path></svg></div><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="Media" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.reuters.com/video/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Videos</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><div data-testid="Media" class="link-group-module__symbol__vLvQd media-module__symbol__O-kyE media-module__none__3jUM3"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 21 18" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation"><path d="M13.1256562,0 C13.3881562,0 13.6506562,0.17954776 13.825875,0.3597705 L15.3135937,2.69996625 L18.375,2.69996625 C19.8627187,2.69996625 21,3.8697266 21,5.3999325 L21,15.3000337 C21,16.8302396 19.8627187,18 18.375,18 L2.625,18 C1.13728125,18 0,16.8302396 0,15.3000337 L0,5.3999325 C0,3.8697266 1.13728125,2.69996625 2.625,2.69996625 L5.6877187,2.69996625 L7.1754375,0.3597705 C7.3506562,0.18022275 7.6131562,0 7.8756562,0 L13.1256562,0 Z M12.6013125,1.79952751 L8.3140312,1.79952751 L6.8263125,4.1397233 C6.6510937,4.319271 6.3885937,4.4994938 6.1260937,4.4994938 L2.6263125,4.4994938 C2.1013125,4.4994938 1.75153125,4.8592643 1.75153125,5.3992575 L1.75153125,15.2993588 C1.75153125,15.839352 2.1013125,16.1991225 2.6263125,16.1991225 L18.3763125,16.1991225 C18.9013125,16.1991225 19.2510937,15.839352 19.2510937,15.2993588 L19.2510937,5.3992575 C19.2510937,4.8592643 18.9013125,4.4994938 18.3763125,4.4994938 L14.8765312,4.4994938 C14.6140312,4.4994938 14.3515312,4.319946 14.0890312,4.1397233 L12.6013125,1.79952751 Z M10.5013125,5.3999325 C12.95175,5.3999325 14.8765312,7.3796828 14.8765312,9.9001012 C14.8765312,12.4205197 12.95175,14.40027 10.5013125,14.40027 C8.050875,14.40027 6.1260937,12.4205197 6.1260937,9.9001012 C6.1260937,7.3796828 8.0515312,5.3999325 10.5013125,5.3999325 Z M10.5013125,7.19946 C9.0135937,7.19946 7.8763125,8.3692204 7.8763125,9.8994263 C7.8763125,11.4296321 9.0135937,12.5993925 10.5013125,12.5993925 C11.9890312,12.5993925 13.1263125,11.4296321 13.1263125,9.8994263 C13.1263125,8.3692204 11.9890312,7.19946 10.5013125,7.19946 Z"></path></svg></div><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="Media" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.reuters.com/pictures/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Pictures</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><div data-testid="Media" class="link-group-module__symbol__vLvQd media-module__symbol__O-kyE media-module__none__3jUM3"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 16 16" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" aria-labelledby="react-aria-:Rn8oum:"><path d="M14.386.95c.483.049.907.266 1.213.632v-.01c.296.366.434.811.394 1.276l-.956 9.82c-.079.78-.67 1.394-1.45 1.532v.06c0 .959-.798 1.74-1.774 1.74H1.775C.799 16 0 15.219 0 14.26V4.4c0-.959.799-1.74 1.775-1.74h.582l.108-1.088C2.544.672 3.323 0 4.23 0h.168l9.988.95ZM9.357 8.9l-.039.04v-.01l-5.926 5.745h8.44c.227 0 .414-.148.444-.366v-2.75L9.545 8.9a.208.208 0 0 0-.188 0Zm2.91.84V4.4h-.01a.427.427 0 0 0-.375-.425H1.775a.445.445 0 0 0-.444.366v9.928c0 .159.089.297.227.376L8.39 8.02a1.515 1.515 0 0 1 2.002-.09l.108.09 1.765 1.72Zm-8.57-7.08h8.116c.976 0 1.774.781 1.774 1.74v8.406a.363.363 0 0 0 .119-.188l.02-.07.956-9.809a.432.432 0 0 0-.335-.465l-.07-.02-9.988-.939a.44.44 0 0 0-.473.327l-.02.069-.098.95ZM2.515 6.863c0-.96.8-1.74 1.775-1.74.976 0 1.775.78 1.775 1.74 0 .959-.799 1.74-1.775 1.74-.976 0-1.775-.781-1.775-1.74Zm1.775.435a.44.44 0 0 0 .444-.435.44.44 0 0 0-.444-.435.44.44 0 0 0-.443.435.44.44 0 0 0 .443.435Z"></path></svg></div><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="Media" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.reuters.com/graphics/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Graphics</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><div data-testid="Media" class="link-group-module__symbol__vLvQd media-module__symbol__O-kyE media-module__none__3jUM3"><svg viewBox="0 0 21 21" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M4.52695 8.72305C4.52695 5.42421 7.20119 2.74998 10.5 2.74998C13.7989 2.74998 16.4731 5.42421 16.4731 8.72305V11.7234H15.9615C15.4093 11.7234 14.9615 12.1711 14.9615 12.7234V19.6465C14.9615 20.1987 15.4093 20.6465 15.9615 20.6465H18.3C19.515 20.6465 20.5 19.6615 20.5 18.4465V13.9234C20.5 12.7328 19.5543 11.7631 18.3731 11.7246V8.72305C18.3731 4.37487 14.8482 0.849976 10.5 0.849976C6.15185 0.849976 2.62695 4.37487 2.62695 8.72305V11.7246C1.44574 11.7631 0.5 12.7328 0.5 13.9234V18.4465C0.5 19.6615 1.48497 20.6465 2.7 20.6465H5.03846C5.59075 20.6465 6.03846 20.1987 6.03846 19.6465V12.7234C6.03846 12.1711 5.59075 11.7234 5.03846 11.7234H4.52695V8.72305Z"></path></svg></div><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="Media" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.reuters.com/podcasts/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Podcasts</span></a></li></ul></section></div><section data-testid="LinkGroup" class="site-footer-module__link-group__Hxt4R site-footer-module__hidden-mobile__5cjU9"><h2 data-testid="Heading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__light__ZYtNU text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6_light__klgho link-group-module__label__mDGn2">Latest</h2><ul class="link-group-module__list__yrOzI link-group-module__vertical__vGvtx"><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="Latest" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Home</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="Latest" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/sitemap/authors/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Authors</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="Latest" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/sitemap/topics/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Topic Sitemap</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="Latest" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/archive/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Archive</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="Latest" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/sitemap/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Article Sitemap</span></a></li></ul></section><section data-testid="LinkGroup" class="site-footer-module__link-group__Hxt4R"><h2 data-testid="Heading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__light__ZYtNU text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6_light__klgho link-group-module__label__mDGn2">Browse</h2><ul class="link-group-module__list__yrOzI link-group-module__vertical__vGvtx"><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="Browse" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/world/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">World</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="Browse" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/business/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Business</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="Browse" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/markets/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Markets</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="Browse" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/sustainability/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Sustainability</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="Browse" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/legal/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Legal</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="Browse" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/breakingviews/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Breakingviews</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="Browse" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/technology/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Technology</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="Browse" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/investigations/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Investigations</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="Browse" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/sports/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Sports</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="Browse" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/science/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Science</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="Browse" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/lifestyle/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Lifestyle</span></a></li></ul></section><section data-testid="LinkGroup" class="site-footer-module__link-group__Hxt4R site-footer-module__hidden-mobile__5cjU9"><h2 data-testid="Heading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__light__ZYtNU text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6_light__klgho link-group-module__label__mDGn2">Media</h2><ul class="link-group-module__list__yrOzI link-group-module__vertical__vGvtx"><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><div data-testid="Media" class="link-group-module__symbol__vLvQd media-module__symbol__O-kyE media-module__none__3jUM3"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 16 11" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" aria-labelledby="react-aria-:R4q8um:"><path d="M15.6665,1.5665 C15.4665,1.433 15.2,1.5 15,1.633 L11.3335,4.233 L11.3335,2.1665 C11.3335,1.033 10.467,0.1665 9.3335,0.1665 L2,0.1665 C0.8665,0.1665 0,1.033 0,2.1665 L0,8.833 C0,9.9665 0.8665,10.833 2,10.833 L9.3335,10.833 C10.467,10.833 11.3335,9.9665 11.3335,8.833 L11.3335,6.7665 L14.9335,9.3665 C15.067,9.433 15.2,9.5 15.3335,9.5 C15.467,9.5 15.5335,9.5 15.667,9.4335 C15.867,9.3 16.0005,9.1 16.0005,8.8335 L16.0005,2.167 C16.0005,1.9005 15.867,1.7005 15.667,1.567 L15.6665,1.5665 Z M10,8.8335 C10,9.2335 9.7335,9.5 9.3335,9.5 L2,9.5 C1.6,9.5 1.3335,9.2335 1.3335,8.8335 L1.3335,2.167 C1.3335,1.767 1.6,1.5005 2,1.5005 L9.3335,1.5005 C9.7335,1.5005 10,1.767 10,2.167 L10,8.8335 Z M14.6665,7.5665 L11.8,5.5 L14.6665,3.4335 L14.6665,7.567 L14.6665,7.5665 Z"></path></svg></div><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="Media" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.reuters.com/video/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Videos</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><div data-testid="Media" class="link-group-module__symbol__vLvQd media-module__symbol__O-kyE media-module__none__3jUM3"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 21 18" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation"><path d="M13.1256562,0 C13.3881562,0 13.6506562,0.17954776 13.825875,0.3597705 L15.3135937,2.69996625 L18.375,2.69996625 C19.8627187,2.69996625 21,3.8697266 21,5.3999325 L21,15.3000337 C21,16.8302396 19.8627187,18 18.375,18 L2.625,18 C1.13728125,18 0,16.8302396 0,15.3000337 L0,5.3999325 C0,3.8697266 1.13728125,2.69996625 2.625,2.69996625 L5.6877187,2.69996625 L7.1754375,0.3597705 C7.3506562,0.18022275 7.6131562,0 7.8756562,0 L13.1256562,0 Z M12.6013125,1.79952751 L8.3140312,1.79952751 L6.8263125,4.1397233 C6.6510937,4.319271 6.3885937,4.4994938 6.1260937,4.4994938 L2.6263125,4.4994938 C2.1013125,4.4994938 1.75153125,4.8592643 1.75153125,5.3992575 L1.75153125,15.2993588 C1.75153125,15.839352 2.1013125,16.1991225 2.6263125,16.1991225 L18.3763125,16.1991225 C18.9013125,16.1991225 19.2510937,15.839352 19.2510937,15.2993588 L19.2510937,5.3992575 C19.2510937,4.8592643 18.9013125,4.4994938 18.3763125,4.4994938 L14.8765312,4.4994938 C14.6140312,4.4994938 14.3515312,4.319946 14.0890312,4.1397233 L12.6013125,1.79952751 Z M10.5013125,5.3999325 C12.95175,5.3999325 14.8765312,7.3796828 14.8765312,9.9001012 C14.8765312,12.4205197 12.95175,14.40027 10.5013125,14.40027 C8.050875,14.40027 6.1260937,12.4205197 6.1260937,9.9001012 C6.1260937,7.3796828 8.0515312,5.3999325 10.5013125,5.3999325 Z M10.5013125,7.19946 C9.0135937,7.19946 7.8763125,8.3692204 7.8763125,9.8994263 C7.8763125,11.4296321 9.0135937,12.5993925 10.5013125,12.5993925 C11.9890312,12.5993925 13.1263125,11.4296321 13.1263125,9.8994263 C13.1263125,8.3692204 11.9890312,7.19946 10.5013125,7.19946 Z"></path></svg></div><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="Media" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.reuters.com/pictures/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Pictures</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><div data-testid="Media" class="link-group-module__symbol__vLvQd media-module__symbol__O-kyE media-module__none__3jUM3"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 16 16" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" aria-labelledby="react-aria-:R5q8um:"><path d="M14.386.95c.483.049.907.266 1.213.632v-.01c.296.366.434.811.394 1.276l-.956 9.82c-.079.78-.67 1.394-1.45 1.532v.06c0 .959-.798 1.74-1.774 1.74H1.775C.799 16 0 15.219 0 14.26V4.4c0-.959.799-1.74 1.775-1.74h.582l.108-1.088C2.544.672 3.323 0 4.23 0h.168l9.988.95ZM9.357 8.9l-.039.04v-.01l-5.926 5.745h8.44c.227 0 .414-.148.444-.366v-2.75L9.545 8.9a.208.208 0 0 0-.188 0Zm2.91.84V4.4h-.01a.427.427 0 0 0-.375-.425H1.775a.445.445 0 0 0-.444.366v9.928c0 .159.089.297.227.376L8.39 8.02a1.515 1.515 0 0 1 2.002-.09l.108.09 1.765 1.72Zm-8.57-7.08h8.116c.976 0 1.774.781 1.774 1.74v8.406a.363.363 0 0 0 .119-.188l.02-.07.956-9.809a.432.432 0 0 0-.335-.465l-.07-.02-9.988-.939a.44.44 0 0 0-.473.327l-.02.069-.098.95ZM2.515 6.863c0-.96.8-1.74 1.775-1.74.976 0 1.775.78 1.775 1.74 0 .959-.799 1.74-1.775 1.74-.976 0-1.775-.781-1.775-1.74Zm1.775.435a.44.44 0 0 0 .444-.435.44.44 0 0 0-.444-.435.44.44 0 0 0-.443.435.44.44 0 0 0 .443.435Z"></path></svg></div><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="Media" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.reuters.com/graphics/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Graphics</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><div data-testid="Media" class="link-group-module__symbol__vLvQd media-module__symbol__O-kyE media-module__none__3jUM3"><svg viewBox="0 0 21 21" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M4.52695 8.72305C4.52695 5.42421 7.20119 2.74998 10.5 2.74998C13.7989 2.74998 16.4731 5.42421 16.4731 8.72305V11.7234H15.9615C15.4093 11.7234 14.9615 12.1711 14.9615 12.7234V19.6465C14.9615 20.1987 15.4093 20.6465 15.9615 20.6465H18.3C19.515 20.6465 20.5 19.6615 20.5 18.4465V13.9234C20.5 12.7328 19.5543 11.7631 18.3731 11.7246V8.72305C18.3731 4.37487 14.8482 0.849976 10.5 0.849976C6.15185 0.849976 2.62695 4.37487 2.62695 8.72305V11.7246C1.44574 11.7631 0.5 12.7328 0.5 13.9234V18.4465C0.5 19.6615 1.48497 20.6465 2.7 20.6465H5.03846C5.59075 20.6465 6.03846 20.1987 6.03846 19.6465V12.7234C6.03846 12.1711 5.59075 11.7234 5.03846 11.7234H4.52695V8.72305Z"></path></svg></div><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="Media" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.reuters.com/podcasts/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Podcasts</span></a></li></ul></section><div class="site-footer-module__about-and-stay-informed__JeYTS"><section data-testid="LinkGroup" class="about"><h2 data-testid="Heading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__light__ZYtNU text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6_light__klgho link-group-module__label__mDGn2">About Reuters</h2><ul class="link-group-module__list__yrOzI link-group-module__vertical__vGvtx"><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="About Reuters" target="_blank" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.reutersprofessional.com/reuters-plus-studio/p/1" rel="noopener" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-module__with-icon__qlg76 link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">About Reuters</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="NewTabSymbol" class="link-module__new-tab-symbol__d53s7"><path fill="#666" d="M15 6c.6 0 1 .4 1 1s-.4 1-1 1H9c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1v14a1.1 1.1 0 0 0 .2.6c.1.2.4.4.8.4h14c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-6c0-.6.4-1 1-1s1 .4 1 1v6a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H9a3 3 0 0 1-2.2-.9A3 3 0 0 1 6 23V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3Zm10 0 .4.1.5.5.1.4v6c0 .6-.4 1-1 1s-1-.4-1-1V9.4l-5.3 5.3a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3 1 1 0 0 1-.7-.3 1 1 0 0 1 0-1.4L22.6 8H19c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1Z"></path></svg><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">, opens new tab</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="About Reuters" target="_blank" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.reutersprofessional.com/advertise-with-us/p/1" rel="noopener" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-module__with-icon__qlg76 link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Advertise with Us</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="NewTabSymbol" class="link-module__new-tab-symbol__d53s7"><path fill="#666" d="M15 6c.6 0 1 .4 1 1s-.4 1-1 1H9c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1v14a1.1 1.1 0 0 0 .2.6c.1.2.4.4.8.4h14c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-6c0-.6.4-1 1-1s1 .4 1 1v6a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H9a3 3 0 0 1-2.2-.9A3 3 0 0 1 6 23V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3Zm10 0 .4.1.5.5.1.4v6c0 .6-.4 1-1 1s-1-.4-1-1V9.4l-5.3 5.3a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3 1 1 0 0 1-.7-.3 1 1 0 0 1 0-1.4L22.6 8H19c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1Z"></path></svg><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">, opens new tab</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="About Reuters" target="_blank" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.thomsonreuters.com/en/careers" rel="noopener" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-module__with-icon__qlg76 link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Careers</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="NewTabSymbol" class="link-module__new-tab-symbol__d53s7"><path fill="#666" d="M15 6c.6 0 1 .4 1 1s-.4 1-1 1H9c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1v14a1.1 1.1 0 0 0 .2.6c.1.2.4.4.8.4h14c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-6c0-.6.4-1 1-1s1 .4 1 1v6a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H9a3 3 0 0 1-2.2-.9A3 3 0 0 1 6 23V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3Zm10 0 .4.1.5.5.1.4v6c0 .6-.4 1-1 1s-1-.4-1-1V9.4l-5.3 5.3a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3 1 1 0 0 1-.7-.3 1 1 0 0 1 0-1.4L22.6 8H19c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1Z"></path></svg><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">, opens new tab</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="About Reuters" target="_blank" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://reutersagency.com/?utm_source=website&utm_medium=reuters&utm_campaign=site-referral&utm_content=us&utm_term=0" rel="noopener" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-module__with-icon__qlg76 link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Reuters News Agency</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="NewTabSymbol" class="link-module__new-tab-symbol__d53s7"><path fill="#666" d="M15 6c.6 0 1 .4 1 1s-.4 1-1 1H9c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1v14a1.1 1.1 0 0 0 .2.6c.1.2.4.4.8.4h14c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-6c0-.6.4-1 1-1s1 .4 1 1v6a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H9a3 3 0 0 1-2.2-.9A3 3 0 0 1 6 23V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3Zm10 0 .4.1.5.5.1.4v6c0 .6-.4 1-1 1s-1-.4-1-1V9.4l-5.3 5.3a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3 1 1 0 0 1-.7-.3 1 1 0 0 1 0-1.4L22.6 8H19c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1Z"></path></svg><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">, opens new tab</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="About Reuters" target="_blank" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://reutersagency.com/brand-attribution-guidelines/" rel="noopener" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-module__with-icon__qlg76 link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Brand Attribution Guidelines</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="NewTabSymbol" class="link-module__new-tab-symbol__d53s7"><path fill="#666" d="M15 6c.6 0 1 .4 1 1s-.4 1-1 1H9c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1v14a1.1 1.1 0 0 0 .2.6c.1.2.4.4.8.4h14c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-6c0-.6.4-1 1-1s1 .4 1 1v6a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H9a3 3 0 0 1-2.2-.9A3 3 0 0 1 6 23V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3Zm10 0 .4.1.5.5.1.4v6c0 .6-.4 1-1 1s-1-.4-1-1V9.4l-5.3 5.3a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3 1 1 0 0 1-.7-.3 1 1 0 0 1 0-1.4L22.6 8H19c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1Z"></path></svg><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">, opens new tab</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="About Reuters" target="_blank" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/info-pages/reuters-and-ai/" rel="noopener" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-module__with-icon__qlg76 link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Reuters and AI</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="NewTabSymbol" class="link-module__new-tab-symbol__d53s7"><path fill="#666" d="M15 6c.6 0 1 .4 1 1s-.4 1-1 1H9c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1v14a1.1 1.1 0 0 0 .2.6c.1.2.4.4.8.4h14c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-6c0-.6.4-1 1-1s1 .4 1 1v6a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H9a3 3 0 0 1-2.2-.9A3 3 0 0 1 6 23V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3Zm10 0 .4.1.5.5.1.4v6c0 .6-.4 1-1 1s-1-.4-1-1V9.4l-5.3 5.3a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3 1 1 0 0 1-.7-.3 1 1 0 0 1 0-1.4L22.6 8H19c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1Z"></path></svg><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">, opens new tab</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="About Reuters" target="_blank" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://reutersagency.com/about/leadership-team/" rel="noopener" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-module__with-icon__qlg76 link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Reuters Leadership</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="NewTabSymbol" class="link-module__new-tab-symbol__d53s7"><path fill="#666" d="M15 6c.6 0 1 .4 1 1s-.4 1-1 1H9c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1v14a1.1 1.1 0 0 0 .2.6c.1.2.4.4.8.4h14c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-6c0-.6.4-1 1-1s1 .4 1 1v6a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H9a3 3 0 0 1-2.2-.9A3 3 0 0 1 6 23V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3Zm10 0 .4.1.5.5.1.4v6c0 .6-.4 1-1 1s-1-.4-1-1V9.4l-5.3 5.3a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3 1 1 0 0 1-.7-.3 1 1 0 0 1 0-1.4L22.6 8H19c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1Z"></path></svg><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">, opens new tab</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="About Reuters" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/fact-check/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Reuters Fact Check</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="About Reuters" target="_blank" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.reuters.com/graphics/DIVERSITY-REPORT/2024/xmpjbgdrapr/" rel="noopener" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-module__with-icon__qlg76 link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Reuters Diversity Report</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="NewTabSymbol" class="link-module__new-tab-symbol__d53s7"><path fill="#666" d="M15 6c.6 0 1 .4 1 1s-.4 1-1 1H9c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1v14a1.1 1.1 0 0 0 .2.6c.1.2.4.4.8.4h14c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-6c0-.6.4-1 1-1s1 .4 1 1v6a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H9a3 3 0 0 1-2.2-.9A3 3 0 0 1 6 23V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3Zm10 0 .4.1.5.5.1.4v6c0 .6-.4 1-1 1s-1-.4-1-1V9.4l-5.3 5.3a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3 1 1 0 0 1-.7-.3 1 1 0 0 1 0-1.4L22.6 8H19c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1Z"></path></svg><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">, opens new tab</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="About Reuters" target="_blank" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.reuters.com/info-pages/commercial-disclosure/" rel="noopener" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-module__with-icon__qlg76 link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Commercial Disclosure (Japan)</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="NewTabSymbol" class="link-module__new-tab-symbol__d53s7"><path fill="#666" d="M15 6c.6 0 1 .4 1 1s-.4 1-1 1H9c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1v14a1.1 1.1 0 0 0 .2.6c.1.2.4.4.8.4h14c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-6c0-.6.4-1 1-1s1 .4 1 1v6a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H9a3 3 0 0 1-2.2-.9A3 3 0 0 1 6 23V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3Zm10 0 .4.1.5.5.1.4v6c0 .6-.4 1-1 1s-1-.4-1-1V9.4l-5.3 5.3a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3 1 1 0 0 1-.7-.3 1 1 0 0 1 0-1.4L22.6 8H19c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1Z"></path></svg><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">, opens new tab</span></a></li></ul></section><section data-testid="LinkGroup" class="site-footer-module__stay-informed__3KQuP"><h2 data-testid="Heading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__light__ZYtNU text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6_light__klgho link-group-module__label__mDGn2">Stay Informed</h2><ul class="link-group-module__list__yrOzI link-group-module__vertical__vGvtx"><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="Stay Informed" target="_blank" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://apps.apple.com/app/reuters-news/id602660809" rel="noopener" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-module__with-icon__qlg76 link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Download the App (iOS)</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="NewTabSymbol" class="link-module__new-tab-symbol__d53s7"><path fill="#666" d="M15 6c.6 0 1 .4 1 1s-.4 1-1 1H9c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1v14a1.1 1.1 0 0 0 .2.6c.1.2.4.4.8.4h14c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-6c0-.6.4-1 1-1s1 .4 1 1v6a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H9a3 3 0 0 1-2.2-.9A3 3 0 0 1 6 23V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3Zm10 0 .4.1.5.5.1.4v6c0 .6-.4 1-1 1s-1-.4-1-1V9.4l-5.3 5.3a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3 1 1 0 0 1-.7-.3 1 1 0 0 1 0-1.4L22.6 8H19c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1Z"></path></svg><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">, opens new tab</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="Stay Informed" target="_blank" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.thomsonreuters.reuters" rel="noopener" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-module__with-icon__qlg76 link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Download the App (Android)</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="NewTabSymbol" class="link-module__new-tab-symbol__d53s7"><path fill="#666" d="M15 6c.6 0 1 .4 1 1s-.4 1-1 1H9c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1v14a1.1 1.1 0 0 0 .2.6c.1.2.4.4.8.4h14c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-6c0-.6.4-1 1-1s1 .4 1 1v6a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H9a3 3 0 0 1-2.2-.9A3 3 0 0 1 6 23V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3Zm10 0 .4.1.5.5.1.4v6c0 .6-.4 1-1 1s-1-.4-1-1V9.4l-5.3 5.3a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3 1 1 0 0 1-.7-.3 1 1 0 0 1 0-1.4L22.6 8H19c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1Z"></path></svg><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">, opens new tab</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="Stay Informed" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.reuters.com/newsletters/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Newsletters</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" ui_element_category="Stay Informed" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/subscribe/offer/?journeyStart=Footer" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ">Subscribe</span></a></li></ul></section></div></div></section><section class="site-footer-module__company__aTOCK"><div class="site-footer-module__content-container__ahMID"><div class="site-footer-module__company-info__u2YjM"><h2 data-testid="Heading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__light__ZYtNU text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6_light__klgho site-footer-module__label__V-VsH">Information you can trust</h2><p data-testid="Body" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__extra_small__8Buss body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__extra_small_body__Bfz20">Reuters, the news and media division of Thomson Reuters, is the world’s largest multimedia news provider, reaching billions of people worldwide every day. Reuters provides business, financial, national and international news to professionals via desktop terminals, the world's media organizations, industry events and directly to consumers.</p></div><div class="site-footer-module__social__DUXtl"><h2 data-testid="Heading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__light__ZYtNU text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6_light__klgho site-footer-module__label__V-VsH">Follow Us</h2><div data-testid="SocialIcon"><ul class="social-links-module__container__u-Ga0 social-links-module__condensed__eEJwK social-links-module__wrap-links__Zxr2b" aria-label="Social media links"><li class="item"><a aria-label="Visit Reuters on X" target="_blank" href="https://x.com/reuters" class="button-module__link__A3sD0 button-module__secondary__70gBu button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F" data-testid="Social"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY"><div class="social-module__container__gCKQP"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 30 30" aria-labelledby="TwitterIconId" role="presentation" class="social-module__symbol__FX9eO" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><title id="TwitterIconId">X</title><path d="M17.923 14.387 25.569 5.5h-1.812l-6.64 7.717L11.817 5.5H5.7l8.018 11.67L5.7 26.49h1.812l7.01-8.15 5.6 8.15h6.116l-8.316-12.102Zm-2.482 2.885-.812-1.162-6.464-9.246h2.783l5.216 7.462.813 1.162 6.78 9.7h-2.782l-5.534-7.915Z"></path></svg></div></span></a></li><li class="item"><a aria-label="Visit Reuters on facebook" target="_blank" href="https://www.facebook.com/Reuters" class="button-module__link__A3sD0 button-module__secondary__70gBu button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F" data-testid="Social"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY"><div class="social-module__container__gCKQP"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="6 6 20 20" aria-labelledby="FacebookIconId" role="presentation" class="social-module__symbol__FX9eO" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><title id="FacebookIconId">Facebook</title><path d="M16 6.04001C10.5 6.04001 6 10.53 6 16.06C6 21.06 9.66 25.21 14.44 25.96V18.96H11.9V16.06H14.44V13.85C14.44 11.34 15.93 9.96001 18.22 9.96001C19.31 9.96001 20.45 10.15 20.45 10.15V12.62H19.19C17.95 12.62 17.56 13.39 17.56 14.18V16.06H20.34L19.89 18.96H17.56V25.96C19.9164 25.5879 22.0622 24.3855 23.6099 22.5701C25.1576 20.7546 26.0054 18.4457 26 16.06C26 10.53 21.5 6.04001 16 6.04001Z"></path></svg></div></span></a></li><li class="item"><a aria-label="Visit Reuters on instagram" target="_blank" href="https://www.instagram.com/Reuters" class="button-module__link__A3sD0 button-module__secondary__70gBu button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F" data-testid="Social"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY"><div class="social-module__container__gCKQP"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 16 16" aria-labelledby="InstagramIconId" role="presentation" class="social-module__symbol__FX9eO" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><title id="InstagramIconId">Instagram</title><path d="M8,1.4405 C10.1375,1.4405 10.3905,1.45 11.231,1.4875 C12.0125,1.522 12.434,1.653 12.7155,1.7625 C13.0875,1.9065 13.356,2.0815 13.634,2.3595 C13.9155,2.641 14.087,2.9065 14.234,3.2785 C14.3435,3.56 14.4745,3.9845 14.509,4.763 C14.5465,5.607 14.556,5.86 14.556,7.9945 C14.556,10.129 14.5465,10.385 14.509,11.226 C14.4745,12.0075 14.3435,12.429 14.234,12.7105 C14.09,13.0825 13.9155,13.351 13.637,13.629 C13.3555,13.9105 13.09,14.082 12.7185,14.229 C12.437,14.3385 12.012,14.4695 11.234,14.504 C10.39,14.5415 10.137,14.551 8.0025,14.551 C5.868,14.551 5.612,14.5415 4.771,14.504 C3.9895,14.4695 3.568,14.3385 3.2865,14.229 C2.9145,14.085 2.646,13.9105 2.3675,13.632 C2.086,13.3505 1.9145,13.085 1.7675,12.7135 C1.658,12.432 1.527,12.007 1.4925,11.229 C1.455,10.385 1.4455,10.132 1.4455,7.9975 C1.4455,5.863 1.455,5.607 1.4925,4.766 C1.527,3.9845 1.658,3.563 1.7675,3.2815 C1.9115,2.9095 2.0865,2.641 2.3645,2.3625 C2.646,2.081 2.9115,1.9095 3.2835,1.7625 C3.565,1.653 3.9895,1.522 4.768,1.4875 C5.6085,1.45 5.862,1.4405 7.9995,1.4405 L8,1.4405 Z M8,4.4408921e-16 C5.828,4.4408921e-16 5.5565,0.0095 4.703,0.047 C3.853,0.0845 3.2685,0.222 2.7625,0.419 C2.2345,0.625 1.7875,0.897 1.344,1.344 C0.897,1.788 0.625,2.2345 0.419,2.7595 C0.222,3.269 0.0845,3.85 0.047,4.7 C0.0095,5.5565 0,5.828 0,8 C0,10.172 0.0095,10.4435 0.047,11.297 C0.0845,12.147 0.222,12.7315 0.419,13.2375 C0.6255,13.7655 0.897,14.2125 1.344,14.656 C1.7875,15.0995 2.2345,15.375 2.7595,15.578 C3.269,15.775 3.85,15.9125 4.7,15.95 C5.553,15.9875 5.825,15.997 7.997,15.997 C10.169,15.997 10.441,15.9875 11.294,15.95 C12.144,15.9125 12.7285,15.775 13.2345,15.578 C13.7595,15.375 14.2065,15.1 14.65,14.656 C15.0935,14.212 15.369,13.7655 15.572,13.2405 C15.769,12.731 15.9065,12.15 15.944,11.3 C15.9815,10.447 15.991,10.175 15.991,8.003 C15.991,5.831 15.9815,5.5595 15.944,4.706 C15.9065,3.856 15.769,3.2715 15.572,2.7655 C15.375,2.234 15.103,1.7875 14.6565,1.3435 C14.213,0.9 13.766,0.6245 13.241,0.4215 C12.7315,0.2245 12.1505,0.087 11.3005,0.0495 C10.4445,0.009 10.1725,-0.0005 8.0005,-0.0005 L8,4.4408921e-16 Z"></path><path d="M8,3.8905 C5.7315,3.8905 3.8905,5.731 3.8905,8 C3.8905,10.269 5.731,12.1095 8,12.1095 C10.269,12.1095 12.1095,10.269 12.1095,8 C12.1095,5.7315 10.269,3.8905 8,3.8905 Z M8,10.6655 C6.528,10.6655 5.3345,9.472 5.3345,8 C5.3345,6.528 6.528,5.3345 8,5.3345 C9.472,5.3345 10.6655,6.528 10.6655,8 C10.6655,9.472 9.472,10.6655 8,10.6655 Z M13.231,3.728 C13.231,4.258 12.8015,4.6875 12.2715,4.6875 C11.7415,4.6875 11.312,4.258 11.312,3.728 C11.312,3.198 11.7415,2.7685 12.2715,2.7685 C12.8015,2.7685 13.231,3.198 13.231,3.728 Z"></path></svg></div></span></a></li><li class="item"><a aria-label="Visit Reuters on youtube" target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/user/ReutersVideo" class="button-module__link__A3sD0 button-module__secondary__70gBu button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F" data-testid="Social"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY"><div class="social-module__container__gCKQP"><svg viewBox="0 0 21 17" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-labelledby="YoutubeIconId" role="presentation" class="social-module__symbol__FX9eO" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><title id="YoutubeIconId">Youtube</title><path d="M18.375 0H2.625A2.617 2.617 0 0 0 0 2.609V14.39A2.617 2.617 0 0 0 2.625 17h15.75A2.617 2.617 0 0 0 21 14.391V2.61A2.617 2.617 0 0 0 18.375 0Zm-10.5 13.044V4.348l7 4.348-7 4.348Z"></path></svg></div></span></a></li><li class="item"><a aria-label="Visit Reuters on linkedin" target="_blank" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/10256858/" class="button-module__link__A3sD0 button-module__secondary__70gBu button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F" data-testid="Social"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY"><div class="social-module__container__gCKQP"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 21 21" aria-labelledby="LinkedinIconId" role="presentation" class="social-module__symbol__FX9eO" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><title id="LinkedinIconId">Linkedin</title><path d="M19.031 0c1.034 0 1.888.807 1.964 1.822L21 1.97V19.03a1.975 1.975 0 0 1-1.822 1.964L19.03 21H1.97a1.975 1.975 0 0 1-1.964-1.822L0 19.03V1.97C0 .935.807.08 1.822.005L1.97 0H19.03ZM6.3 7.875H3.15v10.063H6.3V7.874Zm7.875-.175c-1.575 0-2.538.788-2.975 1.575v-1.4H8.225v10.063h3.15V12.95c0-1.313.175-2.537 1.838-2.537 1.575 0 1.575 1.487 1.575 2.624v4.9h3.15v-5.425c0-2.712-.613-4.812-3.763-4.812ZM4.637 2.8c-1.05 0-1.837.875-1.837 1.838 0 1.05.875 1.837 1.838 1.837 1.05 0 1.837-.787 1.837-1.837 0-1.05-.875-1.838-1.837-1.838Z"></path></svg></div></span></a></li><li class="item"><a aria-label="Visit Reuters on whatsapp" target="_blank" href="https://www.whatsapp.com/channel/0029Va993qu5q08m6Tl6jP0U" class="button-module__link__A3sD0 button-module__secondary__70gBu button-module__round__QDFgq button-module__w_auto__Sem-F" data-testid="Social"><span class="button-module__container__7hKTY"><div class="social-module__container__gCKQP"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 22 22" aria-labelledby="WhatsAppIconId" role="presentation" class="social-module__symbol__FX9eO" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><title id="WhatsAppIconId">WhatsApp</title><path d="M18.0913 3.77731C16.1909 1.87003 13.6633 0.819144 10.9702 0.818176C5.42087 0.818176 0.904522 5.34445 0.902591 10.9081C0.901626 12.6866 1.36552 14.4226 2.24649 15.9525L0.818115 21.1818L6.15509 19.7787C7.62545 20.5828 9.28118 21.0062 10.9659 21.0067H10.9702C16.5186 21.0067 21.0355 16.4799 21.0374 10.9163C21.0384 8.21991 19.9923 5.68507 18.0913 3.77779V3.77731ZM10.9702 19.3026H10.9669C9.46557 19.3022 7.99282 18.8976 6.70783 18.1337L6.40225 17.9518L3.23511 18.7844L4.08035 15.6893L3.88147 15.3719C3.04394 14.0366 2.60129 12.4931 2.60225 10.9086C2.60419 6.28455 6.35783 2.52224 10.9736 2.52224C13.2086 2.52321 15.3095 3.39653 16.8894 4.98206C18.4693 6.56711 19.3387 8.67471 19.3378 10.9153C19.3358 15.5398 15.5822 19.3022 10.9702 19.3022V19.3026ZM15.5599 13.0215C15.3084 12.8952 14.0717 12.2855 13.841 12.2014C13.6102 12.1172 13.4428 12.0751 13.2752 12.3276C13.1077 12.5802 12.6255 13.1482 12.4788 13.3161C12.332 13.4845 12.1852 13.5053 11.9337 13.379C11.6823 13.2527 10.8718 12.9866 9.91068 12.1278C9.16295 11.4591 8.65798 10.6337 8.51128 10.3812C8.36452 10.1286 8.49583 9.99216 8.6213 9.86685C8.73425 9.75364 8.87281 9.5722 8.99879 9.42511C9.12482 9.27801 9.16632 9.17257 9.25029 9.00465C9.33431 8.83627 9.2923 8.68923 9.22957 8.56291C9.16677 8.43664 8.66382 7.19558 8.45382 6.69096C8.2496 6.19939 8.04208 6.26616 7.88807 6.25794C7.74131 6.25067 7.57383 6.24923 7.40584 6.24923C7.23785 6.24923 6.96557 6.31212 6.73484 6.56469C6.50412 6.81722 5.85435 7.42734 5.85435 8.66789C5.85435 9.90845 6.75562 11.1079 6.8816 11.2763C7.00758 11.4447 8.65556 13.9911 11.1788 15.0836C11.7788 15.3434 12.2475 15.4987 12.6129 15.6148C13.2154 15.8069 13.7637 15.7798 14.1972 15.715C14.6805 15.6424 15.6855 15.1049 15.895 14.516C16.1045 13.9272 16.1045 13.4221 16.0417 13.3171C15.979 13.2121 15.811 13.1487 15.5595 13.0224L15.5599 13.0215Z"></path></svg></div></span></a></li></ul></div></div></div></section><section class="site-footer-module__product__ZdM-7"><div class="site-footer-module__content-container__ahMID"><div data-testid="ProductCards" class="site-footer-module__product-cards__0ACfC"><div class="product-cards-module__container__Z3vet"><div class="product-cards-module__product-container__nByo3"><div class="product-cards-module__list-container__TwtqZ"><h2 data-testid="Heading" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__light__ZYtNU text-module__heading_6__u1KdJ heading-module__base__p-zaD heading-module__heading_6_light__klgho product-cards-module__label__9K99u">LSEG Products</h2><ul class="product-cards-module__list__5r2DQ"><li class="product-cards-module__card__VDQ4w"><h3 data-testid="ProductCardItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__inherit-font__1P1hv text-module__inherit-size__EyiQW heading-module__base__p-zaD inherit"><div class="product-cards-module__inner__seoeG"><a data-testid="Link" target="_blank" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href=" https://www.lseg.com/en/data-analytics/products/workspace?utm_source=reuters.com&utm_medium=footer&utm_campaign=Reuters_ProductPage_Links" rel="noopener" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__black__y9ZH7 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__small__sph8i link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-module__with-icon__qlg76 product-cards-module__name__66WpJ"><span><span class="link-module__suffix__ObiNY"> Workspace</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="NewTabSymbol" class="link-module__new-tab-symbol__d53s7 link-module__move-left__CCZH6"><path fill="#666" d="M15 6c.6 0 1 .4 1 1s-.4 1-1 1H9c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1v14a1.1 1.1 0 0 0 .2.6c.1.2.4.4.8.4h14c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-6c0-.6.4-1 1-1s1 .4 1 1v6a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H9a3 3 0 0 1-2.2-.9A3 3 0 0 1 6 23V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3Zm10 0 .4.1.5.5.1.4v6c0 .6-.4 1-1 1s-1-.4-1-1V9.4l-5.3 5.3a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3 1 1 0 0 1-.7-.3 1 1 0 0 1 0-1.4L22.6 8H19c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1Z"></path></svg><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">, opens new tab</span></span></a><p data-testid="Body" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__extra_small__8Buss body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__extra_small_body__Bfz20">Access unmatched financial data, news and content in a highly-customised workflow experience on desktop, web and mobile.</p></div></h3></li><li class="product-cards-module__card__VDQ4w"><h3 data-testid="ProductCardItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__inherit-font__1P1hv text-module__inherit-size__EyiQW heading-module__base__p-zaD inherit"><div class="product-cards-module__inner__seoeG"><a data-testid="Link" target="_blank" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href=" https://www.lseg.com/en/data-analytics/financial-data/?utm_source=reuters.com&utm_medium=footer&utm_campaign=Reuters_DataCatalogPage_Links" rel="noopener" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__black__y9ZH7 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__small__sph8i link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-module__with-icon__qlg76 product-cards-module__name__66WpJ">Data<span><span class="link-module__suffix__ObiNY"> Catalogue</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="NewTabSymbol" class="link-module__new-tab-symbol__d53s7 link-module__move-left__CCZH6"><path fill="#666" d="M15 6c.6 0 1 .4 1 1s-.4 1-1 1H9c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1v14a1.1 1.1 0 0 0 .2.6c.1.2.4.4.8.4h14c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-6c0-.6.4-1 1-1s1 .4 1 1v6a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H9a3 3 0 0 1-2.2-.9A3 3 0 0 1 6 23V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3Zm10 0 .4.1.5.5.1.4v6c0 .6-.4 1-1 1s-1-.4-1-1V9.4l-5.3 5.3a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3 1 1 0 0 1-.7-.3 1 1 0 0 1 0-1.4L22.6 8H19c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1Z"></path></svg><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">, opens new tab</span></span></a><p data-testid="Body" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__extra_small__8Buss body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__extra_small_body__Bfz20"> Browse an unrivalled portfolio of real-time and historical market data and insights from worldwide sources and experts.</p></div></h3></li><li class="product-cards-module__card__VDQ4w"><h3 data-testid="ProductCardItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__inherit-font__1P1hv text-module__inherit-size__EyiQW heading-module__base__p-zaD inherit"><div class="product-cards-module__inner__seoeG"><a data-testid="Link" target="_blank" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.lseg.com/en/risk-intelligence/screening-solutions/world-check-kyc-screening?utm_source=reuters.com&utm_medium=footer&utm_campaign=Reuters_ProductPage_Links" rel="noopener" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__black__y9ZH7 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__small__sph8i link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-module__with-icon__qlg76 product-cards-module__name__66WpJ"><span><span class="link-module__suffix__ObiNY"> World-Check</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="NewTabSymbol" class="link-module__new-tab-symbol__d53s7 link-module__move-left__CCZH6"><path fill="#666" d="M15 6c.6 0 1 .4 1 1s-.4 1-1 1H9c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1v14a1.1 1.1 0 0 0 .2.6c.1.2.4.4.8.4h14c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-6c0-.6.4-1 1-1s1 .4 1 1v6a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H9a3 3 0 0 1-2.2-.9A3 3 0 0 1 6 23V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3Zm10 0 .4.1.5.5.1.4v6c0 .6-.4 1-1 1s-1-.4-1-1V9.4l-5.3 5.3a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3 1 1 0 0 1-.7-.3 1 1 0 0 1 0-1.4L22.6 8H19c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1Z"></path></svg><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">, opens new tab</span></span></a><p data-testid="Body" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__extra_small__8Buss body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__extra_small_body__Bfz20">Screen for heightened risk individual and entities globally to help uncover hidden risks in business relationships and human networks.</p></div></h3></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="site-footer-module__legal__3bv5R"><div class="site-footer-module__content-container__ahMID"><section data-testid="LinkGroup" class="site-footer-module__ad-links__bkjb1"><ul class="link-group-module__list__yrOzI link-group-module__horizontal__49kD3"><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" target="_blank" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.reutersprofessional.com/advertising-solutions/p/1" rel="noopener" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-module__with-icon__qlg76 link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__black__y9ZH7 text-module__bold__chuBM text-module__extra_small__8Buss">Advertise With Us</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="NewTabSymbol" class="link-module__new-tab-symbol__d53s7"><path fill="#666" d="M15 6c.6 0 1 .4 1 1s-.4 1-1 1H9c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1v14a1.1 1.1 0 0 0 .2.6c.1.2.4.4.8.4h14c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-6c0-.6.4-1 1-1s1 .4 1 1v6a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H9a3 3 0 0 1-2.2-.9A3 3 0 0 1 6 23V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3Zm10 0 .4.1.5.5.1.4v6c0 .6-.4 1-1 1s-1-.4-1-1V9.4l-5.3 5.3a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3 1 1 0 0 1-.7-.3 1 1 0 0 1 0-1.4L22.6 8H19c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1Z"></path></svg><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">, opens new tab</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/info-pages/advertising-guidelines/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__black__y9ZH7 text-module__bold__chuBM text-module__extra_small__8Buss">Advertising Guidelines</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" target="_blank" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.reutersagency.com/en/licensereuterscontent/?utm_medium=rcom-footer&utm_campaign=rcom-rcp-lead" rel="noopener" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-module__with-icon__qlg76 link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__black__y9ZH7 text-module__bold__chuBM text-module__extra_small__8Buss">Purchase Licensing Rights</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="NewTabSymbol" class="link-module__new-tab-symbol__d53s7"><path fill="#666" d="M15 6c.6 0 1 .4 1 1s-.4 1-1 1H9c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1v14a1.1 1.1 0 0 0 .2.6c.1.2.4.4.8.4h14c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-6c0-.6.4-1 1-1s1 .4 1 1v6a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H9a3 3 0 0 1-2.2-.9A3 3 0 0 1 6 23V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3Zm10 0 .4.1.5.5.1.4v6c0 .6-.4 1-1 1s-1-.4-1-1V9.4l-5.3 5.3a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3 1 1 0 0 1-.7-.3 1 1 0 0 1 0-1.4L22.6 8H19c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1Z"></path></svg><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">, opens new tab</span></a></li></ul></section><div class="site-footer-module__misc-links__roECj site-footer-module__hidden-tablet-down__1EKEg"><section data-testid="LinkGroup" class="site-footer-module__misc-links__roECj"><ul class="link-group-module__list__yrOzI link-group-module__horizontal__49kD3 link-group-module__align-end__lzSxt"><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" target="_blank" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.thomsonreuters.com/en/privacy-statement.html#cookies" rel="noopener" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-module__with-icon__qlg76 link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__black__y9ZH7 text-module__bold__chuBM text-module__extra_small__8Buss">Cookies</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="NewTabSymbol" class="link-module__new-tab-symbol__d53s7"><path fill="#666" d="M15 6c.6 0 1 .4 1 1s-.4 1-1 1H9c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1v14a1.1 1.1 0 0 0 .2.6c.1.2.4.4.8.4h14c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-6c0-.6.4-1 1-1s1 .4 1 1v6a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H9a3 3 0 0 1-2.2-.9A3 3 0 0 1 6 23V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3Zm10 0 .4.1.5.5.1.4v6c0 .6-.4 1-1 1s-1-.4-1-1V9.4l-5.3 5.3a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3 1 1 0 0 1-.7-.3 1 1 0 0 1 0-1.4L22.6 8H19c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1Z"></path></svg><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">, opens new tab</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/info-pages/terms-of-use/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__black__y9ZH7 text-module__bold__chuBM text-module__extra_small__8Buss">Terms & Conditions</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" target="_blank" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.thomsonreuters.com/en/privacy-statement.html" rel="noopener" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-module__with-icon__qlg76 link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__black__y9ZH7 text-module__bold__chuBM text-module__extra_small__8Buss">Privacy</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="NewTabSymbol" class="link-module__new-tab-symbol__d53s7"><path fill="#666" d="M15 6c.6 0 1 .4 1 1s-.4 1-1 1H9c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1v14a1.1 1.1 0 0 0 .2.6c.1.2.4.4.8.4h14c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-6c0-.6.4-1 1-1s1 .4 1 1v6a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H9a3 3 0 0 1-2.2-.9A3 3 0 0 1 6 23V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3Zm10 0 .4.1.5.5.1.4v6c0 .6-.4 1-1 1s-1-.4-1-1V9.4l-5.3 5.3a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3 1 1 0 0 1-.7-.3 1 1 0 0 1 0-1.4L22.6 8H19c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1Z"></path></svg><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">, opens new tab</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" target="_blank" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.thomsonreuters.com/en/policies/copyright" rel="noopener" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-module__with-icon__qlg76 link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__black__y9ZH7 text-module__bold__chuBM text-module__extra_small__8Buss">Copyright</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="NewTabSymbol" class="link-module__new-tab-symbol__d53s7"><path fill="#666" d="M15 6c.6 0 1 .4 1 1s-.4 1-1 1H9c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1v14a1.1 1.1 0 0 0 .2.6c.1.2.4.4.8.4h14c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-6c0-.6.4-1 1-1s1 .4 1 1v6a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H9a3 3 0 0 1-2.2-.9A3 3 0 0 1 6 23V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3Zm10 0 .4.1.5.5.1.4v6c0 .6-.4 1-1 1s-1-.4-1-1V9.4l-5.3 5.3a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3 1 1 0 0 1-.7-.3 1 1 0 0 1 0-1.4L22.6 8H19c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1Z"></path></svg><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">, opens new tab</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" target="_blank" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.thomsonreuters.com/en/policies/digital-accessibility-policy.html" rel="noopener" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-module__with-icon__qlg76 link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__black__y9ZH7 text-module__bold__chuBM text-module__extra_small__8Buss">Digital Accessibility</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="NewTabSymbol" class="link-module__new-tab-symbol__d53s7"><path fill="#666" d="M15 6c.6 0 1 .4 1 1s-.4 1-1 1H9c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1v14a1.1 1.1 0 0 0 .2.6c.1.2.4.4.8.4h14c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-6c0-.6.4-1 1-1s1 .4 1 1v6a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H9a3 3 0 0 1-2.2-.9A3 3 0 0 1 6 23V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3Zm10 0 .4.1.5.5.1.4v6c0 .6-.4 1-1 1s-1-.4-1-1V9.4l-5.3 5.3a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3 1 1 0 0 1-.7-.3 1 1 0 0 1 0-1.4L22.6 8H19c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1Z"></path></svg><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">, opens new tab</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/info-pages/contact-us/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__black__y9ZH7 text-module__bold__chuBM text-module__extra_small__8Buss">Corrections</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" target="_blank" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/info-pages/data-disclosure-and-sources/" rel="noopener" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-module__with-icon__qlg76 link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__black__y9ZH7 text-module__bold__chuBM text-module__extra_small__8Buss">Data Disclosure and Sources</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="NewTabSymbol" class="link-module__new-tab-symbol__d53s7"><path fill="#666" d="M15 6c.6 0 1 .4 1 1s-.4 1-1 1H9c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1v14a1.1 1.1 0 0 0 .2.6c.1.2.4.4.8.4h14c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-6c0-.6.4-1 1-1s1 .4 1 1v6a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H9a3 3 0 0 1-2.2-.9A3 3 0 0 1 6 23V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3Zm10 0 .4.1.5.5.1.4v6c0 .6-.4 1-1 1s-1-.4-1-1V9.4l-5.3 5.3a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3 1 1 0 0 1-.7-.3 1 1 0 0 1 0-1.4L22.6 8H19c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1Z"></path></svg><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">, opens new tab</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" target="_blank" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://trdigital.iad1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_8kte8gArGyCGVhz" rel="noopener" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-module__with-icon__qlg76 link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__black__y9ZH7 text-module__bold__chuBM text-module__extra_small__8Buss">Site Feedback</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="NewTabSymbol" class="link-module__new-tab-symbol__d53s7"><path fill="#666" d="M15 6c.6 0 1 .4 1 1s-.4 1-1 1H9c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1v14a1.1 1.1 0 0 0 .2.6c.1.2.4.4.8.4h14c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-6c0-.6.4-1 1-1s1 .4 1 1v6a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H9a3 3 0 0 1-2.2-.9A3 3 0 0 1 6 23V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3Zm10 0 .4.1.5.5.1.4v6c0 .6-.4 1-1 1s-1-.4-1-1V9.4l-5.3 5.3a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3 1 1 0 0 1-.7-.3 1 1 0 0 1 0-1.4L22.6 8H19c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1Z"></path></svg><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">, opens new tab</span></a></li></ul></section></div><p data-testid="DisclaimerLink" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__extra_small__8Buss body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__extra_small_body__Bfz20 site-footer-module__disclaimer__6ccwB">All quotes delayed a minimum of 15 minutes. <a data-testid="Link" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.reuters.com/info-pages/disclaimer/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__inherit-font__1P1hv text-module__inherit-size__EyiQW link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC">See here for a list of exchanges and delays.</a></p><div class="site-footer-module__misc-links__roECj site-footer-module__hidden-desktop__ZySLY"><section data-testid="LinkGroup" class="site-footer-module__misc-links__roECj"><ul class="link-group-module__list__yrOzI link-group-module__horizontal__49kD3 link-group-module__align-end__lzSxt"><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" target="_blank" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.thomsonreuters.com/en/privacy-statement.html#cookies" rel="noopener" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-module__with-icon__qlg76 link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__black__y9ZH7 text-module__bold__chuBM text-module__extra_small__8Buss">Cookies</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="NewTabSymbol" class="link-module__new-tab-symbol__d53s7"><path fill="#666" d="M15 6c.6 0 1 .4 1 1s-.4 1-1 1H9c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1v14a1.1 1.1 0 0 0 .2.6c.1.2.4.4.8.4h14c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-6c0-.6.4-1 1-1s1 .4 1 1v6a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H9a3 3 0 0 1-2.2-.9A3 3 0 0 1 6 23V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3Zm10 0 .4.1.5.5.1.4v6c0 .6-.4 1-1 1s-1-.4-1-1V9.4l-5.3 5.3a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3 1 1 0 0 1-.7-.3 1 1 0 0 1 0-1.4L22.6 8H19c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1Z"></path></svg><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">, opens new tab</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/info-pages/terms-of-use/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__black__y9ZH7 text-module__bold__chuBM text-module__extra_small__8Buss">Terms & Conditions</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" target="_blank" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.thomsonreuters.com/en/privacy-statement.html" rel="noopener" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-module__with-icon__qlg76 link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__black__y9ZH7 text-module__bold__chuBM text-module__extra_small__8Buss">Privacy</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="NewTabSymbol" class="link-module__new-tab-symbol__d53s7"><path fill="#666" d="M15 6c.6 0 1 .4 1 1s-.4 1-1 1H9c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1v14a1.1 1.1 0 0 0 .2.6c.1.2.4.4.8.4h14c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-6c0-.6.4-1 1-1s1 .4 1 1v6a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H9a3 3 0 0 1-2.2-.9A3 3 0 0 1 6 23V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3Zm10 0 .4.1.5.5.1.4v6c0 .6-.4 1-1 1s-1-.4-1-1V9.4l-5.3 5.3a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3 1 1 0 0 1-.7-.3 1 1 0 0 1 0-1.4L22.6 8H19c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1Z"></path></svg><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">, opens new tab</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" target="_blank" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.thomsonreuters.com/en/policies/copyright" rel="noopener" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-module__with-icon__qlg76 link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__black__y9ZH7 text-module__bold__chuBM text-module__extra_small__8Buss">Copyright</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="NewTabSymbol" class="link-module__new-tab-symbol__d53s7"><path fill="#666" d="M15 6c.6 0 1 .4 1 1s-.4 1-1 1H9c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1v14a1.1 1.1 0 0 0 .2.6c.1.2.4.4.8.4h14c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-6c0-.6.4-1 1-1s1 .4 1 1v6a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H9a3 3 0 0 1-2.2-.9A3 3 0 0 1 6 23V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3Zm10 0 .4.1.5.5.1.4v6c0 .6-.4 1-1 1s-1-.4-1-1V9.4l-5.3 5.3a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3 1 1 0 0 1-.7-.3 1 1 0 0 1 0-1.4L22.6 8H19c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1Z"></path></svg><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">, opens new tab</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" target="_blank" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.thomsonreuters.com/en/policies/digital-accessibility-policy.html" rel="noopener" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-module__with-icon__qlg76 link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__black__y9ZH7 text-module__bold__chuBM text-module__extra_small__8Buss">Digital Accessibility</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="NewTabSymbol" class="link-module__new-tab-symbol__d53s7"><path fill="#666" d="M15 6c.6 0 1 .4 1 1s-.4 1-1 1H9c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1v14a1.1 1.1 0 0 0 .2.6c.1.2.4.4.8.4h14c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-6c0-.6.4-1 1-1s1 .4 1 1v6a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H9a3 3 0 0 1-2.2-.9A3 3 0 0 1 6 23V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3Zm10 0 .4.1.5.5.1.4v6c0 .6-.4 1-1 1s-1-.4-1-1V9.4l-5.3 5.3a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3 1 1 0 0 1-.7-.3 1 1 0 0 1 0-1.4L22.6 8H19c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1Z"></path></svg><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">, opens new tab</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" target="_self" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/info-pages/contact-us/" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__black__y9ZH7 text-module__bold__chuBM text-module__extra_small__8Buss">Corrections</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" target="_blank" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="/info-pages/data-disclosure-and-sources/" rel="noopener" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-module__with-icon__qlg76 link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__black__y9ZH7 text-module__bold__chuBM text-module__extra_small__8Buss">Data Disclosure and Sources</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="NewTabSymbol" class="link-module__new-tab-symbol__d53s7"><path fill="#666" d="M15 6c.6 0 1 .4 1 1s-.4 1-1 1H9c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1v14a1.1 1.1 0 0 0 .2.6c.1.2.4.4.8.4h14c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-6c0-.6.4-1 1-1s1 .4 1 1v6a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H9a3 3 0 0 1-2.2-.9A3 3 0 0 1 6 23V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3Zm10 0 .4.1.5.5.1.4v6c0 .6-.4 1-1 1s-1-.4-1-1V9.4l-5.3 5.3a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3 1 1 0 0 1-.7-.3 1 1 0 0 1 0-1.4L22.6 8H19c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1Z"></path></svg><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">, opens new tab</span></a></li><li class="link-group-module__item__Za3t6"><a data-testid="Link" target="_blank" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://trdigital.iad1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_8kte8gArGyCGVhz" rel="noopener" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__medium__2Rl30 text-module__default__R2Ckt link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC link-module__with-icon__qlg76 link-group-module__link__BcHeN"><span data-testid="LinkGroupItem" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__black__y9ZH7 text-module__bold__chuBM text-module__extra_small__8Buss">Site Feedback</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="presentation" data-testid="NewTabSymbol" class="link-module__new-tab-symbol__d53s7"><path fill="#666" d="M15 6c.6 0 1 .4 1 1s-.4 1-1 1H9c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1v14a1.1 1.1 0 0 0 .2.6c.1.2.4.4.8.4h14c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-6c0-.6.4-1 1-1s1 .4 1 1v6a3 3 0 0 1-3 3H9a3 3 0 0 1-2.2-.9A3 3 0 0 1 6 23V9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3Zm10 0 .4.1.5.5.1.4v6c0 .6-.4 1-1 1s-1-.4-1-1V9.4l-5.3 5.3a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3 1 1 0 0 1-.7-.3 1 1 0 0 1 0-1.4L22.6 8H19c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1Z"></path></svg><span style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">, opens new tab</span></a></li></ul></section></div><p data-testid="Body" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__dark-grey__UFC18 text-module__regular__qJJtA text-module__extra_small__8Buss body-module__base__o--Cl body-module__extra_small_body__Bfz20 site-footer-module__copyright__RDwpO site-footer-module__right-column__RMJjv">© 2026 Reuters. <a data-testid="Link" referrerPolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" href="https://www.thomsonreuters.com/en/policies/copyright.html" class="text-module__text__0GDob text-module__inherit-color__PhuPF text-module__inherit-font__1P1hv text-module__inherit-size__EyiQW link-module__link__INqxZ link-module__underline_on_hover__YTwYC">All rights reserved</a></p></div></section></footer></div></div><div data-testid="QualtricsContent" id="ZN_8qfK42aZO5fsR2R"></div><script id="fusion-metadata" type="application/javascript">window.Fusion=window.Fusion||{};Fusion.arcSite="reuters";Fusion.contextPath="/pf";Fusion.mxId="00000000";Fusion.deployment="346";Fusion.globalContent={"statusCode":200,"message":"Success","result":{"id":"YDSSA5VK3NPR5FTEDUMIQLYOTU","canonical_url":"/business/energy/us-eases-sanctions-venezuelan-oil-industry-2026-01-29/","website":"reuters","web":"US eases some sanctions on Venezuelan oil industry","native":"US eases some sanctions on Venezuelan oil industry","published":true,"published_time":"2026-01-29T21:59:02.329Z","article_type":"Standard","display_my_news":true,"display_newsletter_signup":true,"display_notifications":true,"display_related_media":true,"display_related_organizations":true,"content_code":"metered","source":{"name":"Reuters","original_name":"Reuters"},"additional_properties":{"article_properties":{"place":"WASHINGTON"}},"properties":{"id":"YSK4Z322EZMUTMAX7ADZRR4PKA","module_my_news":true,"module_newsletter_signup":true,"module_notifications":true,"module_related_media":true,"module_related_organizations":true},"sign_off":"Reporting by Reporting by Timothy Gardner, Marianna Parraga, Christian Martinez and Daphne Psaledakis;\nEditing by Rod Nickel, Nathan Crooks, Richard Valdmanis and Lisa Shumaker","dateline":["WASHINGTON, Jan 29 (Reuters)"],"language":"en","slug":"USA-VENEZUELA/OIL-LICENSE (UPDATE 4, PIX)","version":"0.10.11","shared_url":"/business/energy/us-eases-sanctions-venezuelan-oil-industry-2026-01-29/","created_date":"2026-01-29T21:46:23.183Z","type":"story","title":"US eases some sanctions on Venezuelan oil industry","basic_headline":"US eases some sanctions on Venezuelan oil industry","distributor":"Reuters","description":"The Trump administration on Thursday eased some sanctions on Venezuela's oil industry to encourage U.S. investment, after U.S. forces ousted the South American country's President Nicolas Maduro earlier this month.","primary_media_type":"image","primary_tag":{"short_bio":"Exploration & Production","description":"Exploration & Production","slug":"repi-exploration-production","text":"REPI:EXPLORATION-PRODUCTION","is_topic":true,"can_follow":true,"topic_url":"/business/energy/exploration-production/"},"word_count":665,"read_minutes":4,"header_controls":{"premium_dek":"Yes","hero_image_ratio":"16:9","hero_image_gradient":"None","hero_image_text_placement":"Bottom dark"},"headlines":{"basic":"US eases some sanctions on Venezuelan oil industry"},"thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/MJIV2HU2ENOUPFSPTLESCV2LKU.jpg","caption":"Installations at the El Palito refinery of Venezuelan state oil company PDVSA, after the National Assembly approved a major reform of the country's main oil law, in Puerto Cabello, Venezuela, January 22, 2026. REUTERS/Gaby Oraa","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/MJIV2HU2ENOUPFSPTLESCV2LKU.jpg?auth=e02c014ad3abae3ec84d4152c3e42fe5874579ec230a0c3e2b6aa68c896e016c","location":"PUERTO CABELLO, VENEZUELA","id":"MJIV2HU2ENOUPFSPTLESCV2LKU","authors":"Gaby Oraa","alt_text":"Installations of El Palito refinery of Venezuelan state oil company PDVSA, in Puerto Cabello","width":5066,"height":3442,"subtitle":"Installations of El Palito refinery of Venezuelan state oil company PDVSA, in Puerto Cabello","slug":"VENEZUELA-OIL-LAW","updated_at":"2026-01-29T23:38:33Z","company":"Reuters","purchase_licensing_path":"https://www.reutersconnect.com/item/installations-of-el-palito-refinery-of-venezuelan-state-oil-company-pdvsa-in-puerto-cabello/dGFnOnJldXRlcnMuY29tLDIwMjY6bmV3c21sX1JDMkY2SkFJQ1gxVg%3D%3D/?utm_medium=rcom-article-media&utm_campaign=rcom-rcp-lead"},"authors":[{"id":"timothy.gardner@thomsonreuters.com","name":"Timothy Gardner","first_name":"Timothy","last_name":"Gardner","company":"Reuters","thumbnail":{"url":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/arc-authors/reuters/1bb7724b-8fde-4826-bdd0-f0f535c72cd1.png","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fs3.amazonaws.com%2Farc-authors%2Freuters%2F1bb7724b-8fde-4826-bdd0-f0f535c72cd1.png?auth=7bbb8c4ffa85576094b8fc43b04397dae6367ec3080896a1c0ed9c2869edb43a"},"social_links":[{"site":"email","url":"mailto:timothy.gardner@thomsonreuters.com"},{"site":"twitter","url":"https://x.com/timogard"},{"site":"linkedin","url":"https://www.linkedin.com/in/timothy-gardner-1448953/"}],"byline":"Timothy Gardner","description":"Timothy reports on energy and environment policy and is based in Washington, D.C. His coverage ranges from the latest in nuclear power, to environment regulations, to U.S. sanctions and geopolitics. He has been a member of three teams in the past two years that have won Reuters best journalism of the year awards. As a cyclist he is happiest outside.","topic_url":"/authors/timothy-gardner/","role":"Energy and Environment Correspondent"},{"id":"marianna.parraga@thomsonreuters.com","name":"Marianna Parraga","first_name":"Marianna","last_name":"Parraga","company":"Reuters","thumbnail":{"url":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/arc-authors/reuters/30e89cdb-f8b7-42a0-876b-459747be0bf2.png","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fs3.amazonaws.com%2Farc-authors%2Freuters%2F30e89cdb-f8b7-42a0-876b-459747be0bf2.png?auth=ae3edfc2050cce7acb606f71bc188a8e85e817a12f59260a210fe5bd6fb0d60a"},"social_links":[{"site":"email","url":"mailto:marianna.parraga@thomsonreuters.com"},{"site":"twitter","url":"https://x.com/@mariannaparraga"},{"site":"linkedin","url":"https://www.linkedin.com/in/marianna-p%C3%A1rraga-7833b08b/"}],"byline":"Marianna Parraga","description":"Focused on energy-related sanctions, corruption and money laundering with 20 years of experience covering Latin America's oil and gas industries. Born in Venezuela and based in Houston, she is author of the book \"Oro Rojo\" about Venezuela's troubled state-run company PDVSA and Mom to three boys.","topic_url":"/authors/marianna-parraga/","role":"Latin America Energy Correspondent"}],"display_time":"2026-01-29T21:59:02.329Z","updated_time":"2026-01-30T01:48:16.378Z","excerpt":{"content":"The Trump administration on Thursday eased some sanctions on Venezuela's oil industry to encourage U.S. investment, after U.S. forces ousted the South American country's President Nicolas Maduro earlier this month.","type":"paragraph"},"content_elements":[{"content":"The Trump administration on Thursday eased some sanctions on Venezuela's oil industry to encourage U.S. investment, after U.S. forces ousted the South American country's President Nicolas Maduro earlier this month.","type":"paragraph"},{"content":"The U.S. Treasury authorized transactions involving the government of Venezuela and state oil company PDVSA related to \"the lifting, exportation, reexportation, sale, resale, supply, storage, marketing, purchase, delivery, or transportation of Venezuelan-origin oil, including the refining of such oil, by an established U.S. entity.\"","type":"paragraph"},{"content":"The authorization, known as a general license, did not include language lifting sanctions on production of Venezuelan oil. A White House official confirmed the measure kept sanctions on production of Venezuelan crude, adding it \"would help flow existing product\" and that there will soon be more announcements on easing of sanctions.","type":"paragraph"},{"content":"The move could unlock billions of dollars in new U.S. investment into Venezuela's crippled energy sector, but it excludes firms from rivals like China and Russia, signaling an \"America First\" approach to the nation's reconstruction.","type":"paragraph"},{"content":"The easing of some sanctions marks a pronounced shift from the previous strategy of granting individual exemptions.","type":"paragraph"},{"content":"During President Donald Trump's first administration, the Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control designated Venezuela's entire energy industry as subject to U.S. sanctions in 2019 after Maduro's first re-election, which Washington did not recognize.","type":"paragraph"},{"content":"The license does not authorize any payment terms that are not commercially reasonable, involve debt swaps or payments in gold, or are denominated in digital currency.","type":"paragraph"},{"content":"The license excludes any transactions involving persons or entities located in or controlled by Russia, Iran, North Korea and Cuba. It also excludes transactions involving blocked vessels and entities \"organized under the laws of Venezuela or the United States that is owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by or in a joint venture with a person located in or organized under the laws of the People’s Republic of China.\"","type":"paragraph"},{"level":1,"content":"AMERICA FIRST","type":"header"},{"content":"Oil producers Chevron <a href=\"https://www.reuters.com/markets/companies/CVX.N\" target=\"_blank\">(CVX.N)</a>, Repsol <a href=\"https://www.reuters.com/markets/companies/REP.MC\" target=\"_blank\">(REP.MC)</a> and ENI <a href=\"https://www.reuters.com/markets/companies/ENI.MI\" target=\"_blank\">(ENI.MI)</a>, refiner Reliance Industries <a href=\"https://www.reuters.com/markets/companies/RELI.NS\" target=\"_blank\">(RELI.NS)</a>, and some U.S. oil service providers had sought licenses in recent weeks to expand output or exports from the OPEC member. The companies are partners and customers of PDVSA.","type":"paragraph"},{"content":"Jeremy Paner, a lawyer at Hughes Hubbard & Reed and a former OFAC sanctions investigator, said the authorization is broad in the sense that it opens up many operations including refining, transportation and \"lifting\" of Venezuelan oil.","type":"paragraph"},{"content":"But he said the scope is narrow in that it only applies to U.S. companies.","type":"paragraph"},{"content":"Kevin Book, an analyst at ClearView Energy Partners, said the authorization could provide clarity for U.S. companies considering new investments while maintaining the previous standard of case-by-case review for non-U.S. entities.","type":"paragraph"},{"content":"“In short, it appears to offer ‘America First, Others Ask’ sanctions relief.”","type":"paragraph"},{"content":"The large number of individual requests to the U.S. government had delayed progress on plans to expand exports and get investment moving quickly into Venezuela, two sources said this week.","type":"paragraph"},{"content":"The new OFAC license, meanwhile, came as lawmakers in Venezuela on Thursday approved a <a href=\"https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/sweeping-oil-reform-venezuela-approved-operators-expected-gain-autonomy-2026-01-29/\">sweetened reform</a> of the country's main oil law that is expected to grant autonomy to private producers in joint ventures or under new contracts to operate their projects and commercialize the output. It also formalizes an oil production-sharing model first introduced by Maduro and negotiated with little-known energy firms in recent years.","type":"paragraph"},{"content":"Following the U.S. capture of Maduro, the Trump administration is pursuing a <a href=\"https://www.reuters.com/markets/commodities/big-oil-offers-reality-check-trumps-venezuela-dream-2026-01-12/\">$100 billion reconstruction plan</a> for the country's oil industry, and intends to manage the oil sales \"indefinitely.\" The effort builds on an initial <a href=\"https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/venezuela-us-talks-export-venezuelan-oil-us-sources-say-2026-01-06/\">$2 billion deal</a> that Washington and Caracas reached in January to export Venezuelan crude oil, including to U.S. refiners.","type":"paragraph"},{"content":"Francisco Monaldi, director of the Latin American Energy Program at Rice University's Baker Institute in Houston, said he wondered if the exclusion of Russian and Chinese production would make it hard for PDVSA to operate or market oil from those ventures. Ventures with those countries produce about 22% of the oil, he said.","type":"paragraph"},{"content":"“If they cannot export the oil coming from these ventures, that's a big problem.”","type":"paragraph"}],"promo_items":{"images":[{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/MJIV2HU2ENOUPFSPTLESCV2LKU.jpg","caption":"Installations at the El Palito refinery of Venezuelan state oil company PDVSA, after the National Assembly approved a major reform of the country's main oil law, in Puerto Cabello, Venezuela, January 22, 2026. REUTERS/Gaby Oraa","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/MJIV2HU2ENOUPFSPTLESCV2LKU.jpg?auth=e02c014ad3abae3ec84d4152c3e42fe5874579ec230a0c3e2b6aa68c896e016c","location":"PUERTO CABELLO, VENEZUELA","id":"MJIV2HU2ENOUPFSPTLESCV2LKU","authors":"Gaby Oraa","alt_text":"Installations of El Palito refinery of Venezuelan state oil company PDVSA, in Puerto Cabello","width":5066,"height":3442,"subtitle":"Installations of El Palito refinery of Venezuelan state oil company PDVSA, in Puerto Cabello","slug":"VENEZUELA-OIL-LAW","updated_at":"2026-01-29T23:38:33Z","company":"Reuters","purchase_licensing_path":"https://www.reutersconnect.com/item/installations-of-el-palito-refinery-of-venezuelan-state-oil-company-pdvsa-in-puerto-cabello/dGFnOnJldXRlcnMuY29tLDIwMjY6bmV3c21sX1JDMkY2SkFJQ1gxVg%3D%3D/?utm_medium=rcom-article-media&utm_campaign=rcom-rcp-lead"}]},"related_content":{"images":[{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/MJIV2HU2ENOUPFSPTLESCV2LKU.jpg","caption":"Installations at the El Palito refinery of Venezuelan state oil company PDVSA, after the National Assembly approved a major reform of the country's main oil law, in Puerto Cabello, Venezuela, January 22, 2026. REUTERS/Gaby Oraa","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/MJIV2HU2ENOUPFSPTLESCV2LKU.jpg?auth=e02c014ad3abae3ec84d4152c3e42fe5874579ec230a0c3e2b6aa68c896e016c","location":"PUERTO CABELLO, VENEZUELA","id":"MJIV2HU2ENOUPFSPTLESCV2LKU","authors":"Gaby Oraa","alt_text":"Installations of El Palito refinery of Venezuelan state oil company PDVSA, in Puerto Cabello","width":5066,"height":3442,"subtitle":"Installations of El Palito refinery of Venezuelan state oil company PDVSA, in Puerto Cabello","slug":"VENEZUELA-OIL-LAW","updated_at":"2026-01-29T23:38:33Z","company":"Reuters","purchase_licensing_path":"https://www.reutersconnect.com/item/installations-of-el-palito-refinery-of-venezuelan-state-oil-company-pdvsa-in-puerto-cabello/dGFnOnJldXRlcnMuY29tLDIwMjY6bmV3c21sX1JDMkY2SkFJQ1gxVg%3D%3D/?utm_medium=rcom-article-media&utm_campaign=rcom-rcp-lead"}]},"taxonomy":{"shared_url":"/business/energy/us-eases-sanctions-venezuelan-oil-industry-2026-01-29/","section":{"id":"/business/energy/","ad_unit_code":"/energy","website":"reuters","name":"Energy","page_title":"Energy","parent":{"id":"/business/","ad_unit_code":"/business","website":"reuters","name":"Business","page_title":"Business","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"businesslogo"}},"can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"energylogo"}},"top_parent_section":{"id":"/business/","ad_unit_code":"/business","website":"reuters","name":"Business","page_title":"Business","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"businesslogo"}},"parent_section_name":"Business","ads_primary_section":{"id":"/business/energy/","ad_unit_code":"/energy","website":"reuters","name":"Energy","page_title":"Energy","parent":{"id":"/business/","ad_unit_code":"/business","website":"reuters","name":"Business","page_title":"Business","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"businesslogo"}},"can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"energylogo"},"video_playlistId":"sectors-upclose","mobile_ad_unit_path":"/4735792/app.reuters/business/energy/home"},"other_sections":[{"id":"/world/","ad_unit_code":"/world","website":"reuters","name":"World","page_title":"World","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false"}},{"id":"/world/americas/","ad_unit_code":"/americas","website":"reuters","name":"Americas","page_title":"Americas","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false"}},{"id":"/business/energy/","ad_unit_code":"/energy","website":"reuters","name":"Energy","page_title":"Energy","parent":{"id":"/business/","ad_unit_code":"/business","website":"reuters","name":"Business","page_title":"Business","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"businesslogo"}},"can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"energylogo"}},{"id":"/markets/commodities/","ad_unit_code":"/commodities","website":"reuters","name":"Commodities","page_title":"Commodities","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"true","sponsor_logo_type":"marketscommoditieslogo"}},{"id":"/markets/emerging/","ad_unit_code":"/emerging","website":"reuters","name":"Emerging Markets","page_title":"Emerging Markets","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"true","sponsor_logo_type":"marketsemerginglogo"}}],"tags":[{"short_bio":"Exploration & Production","description":"Exploration & Production","slug":"repi-exploration-production","text":"REPI:EXPLORATION-PRODUCTION","is_topic":true,"can_follow":true,"topic_url":"/business/energy/exploration-production/"},{"short_bio":"N2:CLJ","description":"N2:CLJ","slug":"n2-clj","text":"CLJ","topic_url":"/tags/n2-clj/"},{"short_bio":"N2:CMPNY","description":"N2:CMPNY","slug":"n2-cmpny","text":"CMPNY","topic_url":"/tags/n2-cmpny/"},{"short_bio":"N2:COM","description":"N2:COM","slug":"n2-com","text":"COM","topic_url":"/tags/n2-com/"},{"short_bio":"N2:CRIM","description":"N2:CRIM","slug":"n2-crim","text":"CRIM","topic_url":"/tags/n2-crim/"},{"short_bio":"N2:CRU","description":"N2:CRU","slug":"n2-cru","text":"CRU","topic_url":"/tags/n2-cru/"},{"short_bio":"N2:CWP","description":"N2:CWP","slug":"n2-cwp","text":"CWP","topic_url":"/tags/n2-cwp/"},{"short_bio":"N2:DIP","description":"N2:DIP","slug":"n2-dip","text":"DIP","topic_url":"/tags/n2-dip/"},{"short_bio":"N2:DRU","description":"N2:DRU","slug":"n2-dru","text":"DRU","topic_url":"/tags/n2-dru/"},{"short_bio":"N2:ENER","description":"N2:ENER","slug":"n2-ener","text":"ENER","topic_url":"/tags/n2-ener/"},{"short_bio":"N2:ENFF","description":"N2:ENFF","slug":"n2-enff","text":"ENFF","topic_url":"/tags/n2-enff/"},{"short_bio":"N2:ENG","description":"N2:ENG","slug":"n2-eng","text":"ENG","topic_url":"/tags/n2-eng/"},{"short_bio":"N2:ENQSVC","description":"N2:ENQSVC","slug":"n2-enqsvc","text":"ENQSVC","topic_url":"/tags/n2-enqsvc/"},{"short_bio":"N2:ENR","description":"N2:ENR","slug":"n2-enr","text":"ENR","topic_url":"/tags/n2-enr/"},{"short_bio":"N2:EXPRO","description":"N2:EXPRO","slug":"n2-expro","text":"EXPRO","topic_url":"/tags/n2-expro/"},{"short_bio":"N2:EXPRO1","description":"N2:EXPRO1","slug":"n2-expro1","text":"EXPRO1","topic_url":"/tags/n2-expro1/"},{"short_bio":"N2:GASU","description":"N2:GASU","slug":"n2-gasu","text":"GASU","topic_url":"/tags/n2-gasu/"},{"short_bio":"N2:GEN","description":"N2:GEN","slug":"n2-gen","text":"GEN","topic_url":"/tags/n2-gen/"},{"short_bio":"N2:NARC","description":"N2:NARC","slug":"n2-narc","text":"NARC","topic_url":"/tags/n2-narc/"},{"short_bio":"N2:NGASD","description":"N2:NGASD","slug":"n2-ngasd","text":"NGASD","topic_url":"/tags/n2-ngasd/"},{"short_bio":"N2:NRG","description":"N2:NRG","slug":"n2-nrg","text":"NRG","topic_url":"/tags/n2-nrg/"},{"short_bio":"N2:OILG","description":"N2:OILG","slug":"n2-oilg","text":"OILG","topic_url":"/tags/n2-oilg/"},{"short_bio":"N2:OILI","description":"N2:OILI","slug":"n2-oili","text":"OILI","topic_url":"/tags/n2-oili/"},{"short_bio":"N2:OILQ","description":"N2:OILQ","slug":"n2-oilq","text":"OILQ","topic_url":"/tags/n2-oilq/"},{"short_bio":"N2:OILQ1","description":"N2:OILQ1","slug":"n2-oilq1","text":"OILQ1","topic_url":"/tags/n2-oilq1/"},{"short_bio":"N2:POL","description":"N2:POL","slug":"n2-pol","text":"POL","topic_url":"/tags/n2-pol/"},{"short_bio":"N2:PUBL","description":"N2:PUBL","slug":"n2-publ","text":"PUBL","topic_url":"/tags/n2-publ/"},{"short_bio":"N2:REFI","description":"N2:REFI","slug":"n2-refi","text":"REFI","topic_url":"/tags/n2-refi/"},{"short_bio":"N2:REFI1","description":"N2:REFI1","slug":"n2-refi1","text":"REFI1","topic_url":"/tags/n2-refi1/"},{"short_bio":"N2:SECUR","description":"N2:SECUR","slug":"n2-secur","text":"SECUR","topic_url":"/tags/n2-secur/"},{"short_bio":"N2:UTIL","description":"N2:UTIL","slug":"n2-util","text":"UTIL","topic_url":"/tags/n2-util/"},{"short_bio":"N2:AMERS","description":"N2:AMERS","slug":"n2-amers","text":"AMERS","topic_url":"/tags/n2-amers/"},{"short_bio":"N2:US","description":"N2:US","slug":"n2-us","text":"US","topic_url":"/tags/n2-us/"},{"short_bio":"N2:VE","description":"N2:VE","slug":"n2-ve","text":"VE","topic_url":"/tags/n2-ve/"},{"short_bio":"N2:NAMER","description":"N2:NAMER","slug":"n2-namer","text":"NAMER","topic_url":"/tags/n2-namer/"},{"short_bio":"N2:EMRG","description":"N2:EMRG","slug":"n2-emrg","text":"EMRG","topic_url":"/tags/n2-emrg/"},{"short_bio":"N2:LATAM","description":"N2:LATAM","slug":"n2-latam","text":"LATAM","topic_url":"/tags/n2-latam/"},{"short_bio":"N2:SAMER","description":"N2:SAMER","slug":"n2-samer","text":"SAMER","topic_url":"/tags/n2-samer/"},{"short_bio":"Refining","description":"Refining","slug":"repi-refining","text":"REPI:REFINING","is_topic":true,"can_follow":true,"topic_url":"/business/energy/refining/"},{"short_bio":"N2:BACT","description":"N2:BACT","slug":"n2-bact","text":"BACT","topic_url":"/tags/n2-bact/"},{"short_bio":"N2:BIZ","description":"N2:BIZ","slug":"n2-biz","text":"BIZ","topic_url":"/tags/n2-biz/"},{"short_bio":"N2:CPROD","description":"N2:CPROD","slug":"n2-cprod","text":"CPROD","topic_url":"/tags/n2-cprod/"},{"short_bio":"N2:TRD","description":"N2:TRD","slug":"n2-trd","text":"TRD","topic_url":"/tags/n2-trd/"},{"short_bio":"N2:TRDEMB","description":"N2:TRDEMB","slug":"n2-trdemb","text":"TRDEMB","topic_url":"/tags/n2-trdemb/"},{"short_bio":"N2:XPAND","description":"N2:XPAND","slug":"n2-xpand","text":"XPAND","topic_url":"/tags/n2-xpand/"},{"short_bio":"Fuel Oil","description":"Fuel Oil","slug":"repi-fuel-oil","text":"REPI:FUEL-OIL","is_topic":true,"can_follow":true,"topic_url":"/business/energy/fuel-oil/"},{"short_bio":"TOPIC:MARKETS-COMMODITIES-ENERGY","description":"TOPIC:MARKETS-COMMODITIES-ENERGY","slug":"topic-markets-commodities-energy","text":"TOPIC:MARKETS-COMMODITIES-ENERGY","topic_url":"/tags/topic-markets-commodities-energy/"},{"short_bio":"ENERGY","description":"ENERGY","slug":"energy","text":"ENERGY","topic_url":"/tags/energy/"},{"short_bio":"DEST:OUSNRG","description":"DEST:OUSNRG","slug":"dest-ousnrg","text":"DEST:OUSNRG","topic_url":"/tags/dest-ousnrg/"},{"short_bio":"DEST:OUSTPM","description":"DEST:OUSTPM","slug":"dest-oustpm","text":"DEST:OUSTPM","topic_url":"/tags/dest-oustpm/"},{"short_bio":"DEST:OCATPM","description":"DEST:OCATPM","slug":"dest-ocatpm","text":"DEST:OCATPM","topic_url":"/tags/dest-ocatpm/"},{"short_bio":"Venezuela","description":"Venezuela","slug":"rules-venezuela","text":"RULES:VENEZUELA","is_topic":true,"can_follow":true,"topic_url":"/world/venezuela/"},{"short_bio":"PACKAGE:US-TOP-NEWS","description":"PACKAGE:US-TOP-NEWS","slug":"package-us-top-news","text":"PACKAGE:US-TOP-NEWS","topic_url":"/tags/package-us-top-news/"},{"short_bio":"N2:ASIA","description":"N2:ASIA","slug":"n2-asia","text":"ASIA","topic_url":"/tags/n2-asia/"},{"short_bio":"N2:EUROP","description":"N2:EUROP","slug":"n2-europ","text":"EUROP","topic_url":"/tags/n2-europ/"},{"short_bio":"N2:LATCRU","description":"N2:LATCRU","slug":"n2-latcru","text":"LATCRU","topic_url":"/tags/n2-latcru/"},{"short_bio":"N2:NEWS1","description":"N2:NEWS1","slug":"n2-news1","text":"NEWS1","topic_url":"/tags/n2-news1/"},{"short_bio":"N2:REGS","description":"N2:REGS","slug":"n2-regs","text":"REGS","topic_url":"/tags/n2-regs/"},{"short_bio":"N2:ES","description":"N2:ES","slug":"n2-es","text":"ES","topic_url":"/tags/n2-es/"},{"short_bio":"N2:IN","description":"N2:IN","slug":"n2-in","text":"IN","topic_url":"/tags/n2-in/"},{"short_bio":"N2:IT","description":"N2:IT","slug":"n2-it","text":"IT","topic_url":"/tags/n2-it/"},{"short_bio":"TOPIC:ENERGY-OIL-GAS","description":"TOPIC:ENERGY-OIL-GAS","slug":"topic-energy-oil-gas","text":"TOPIC:ENERGY-OIL-GAS","topic_url":"/tags/topic-energy-oil-gas/"},{"short_bio":"N2:AMCRU","description":"N2:AMCRU","slug":"n2-amcru","text":"AMCRU","topic_url":"/tags/n2-amcru/"},{"short_bio":"N2:SASIA","description":"N2:SASIA","slug":"n2-sasia","text":"SASIA","topic_url":"/tags/n2-sasia/"},{"short_bio":"N2:WEU","description":"N2:WEU","slug":"n2-weu","text":"WEU","topic_url":"/tags/n2-weu/"},{"short_bio":"N2:EZC","description":"N2:EZC","slug":"n2-ezc","text":"EZC","topic_url":"/tags/n2-ezc/"},{"short_bio":"N2:EMEA","description":"N2:EMEA","slug":"n2-emea","text":"EMEA","topic_url":"/tags/n2-emea/"},{"short_bio":"N2:ASXPAC","description":"N2:ASXPAC","slug":"n2-asxpac","text":"ASXPAC","topic_url":"/tags/n2-asxpac/"},{"short_bio":"N2:TOPNWS","description":"N2:TOPNWS","slug":"n2-topnws","text":"TOPNWS","topic_url":"/tags/n2-topnws/"},{"short_bio":"N2:CU","description":"N2:CU","slug":"n2-cu","text":"CU","topic_url":"/tags/n2-cu/"},{"short_bio":"N2:CARIBN","description":"N2:CARIBN","slug":"n2-caribn","text":"CARIBN","topic_url":"/tags/n2-caribn/"},{"short_bio":"N2:TOPCMB","description":"N2:TOPCMB","slug":"n2-topcmb","text":"TOPCMB","topic_url":"/tags/n2-topcmb/"}],"n2":[{"code":"CLJ","name":"Crime / Law / Justice","description":"N2:CLJ","topic_url":"/tags/n2-clj/"},{"code":"CMPNY","name":"Company News","description":"N2:CMPNY","topic_url":"/tags/n2-cmpny/"},{"code":"COM","name":"Commodities Markets","description":"N2:COM","topic_url":"/tags/n2-com/"},{"code":"CRIM","name":"Crime","description":"N2:CRIM","topic_url":"/tags/n2-crim/"},{"code":"CRU","name":"Crude Oil","description":"N2:CRU","topic_url":"/tags/n2-cru/"},{"code":"CWP","name":"Conflicts / War / Peace","description":"N2:CWP","topic_url":"/tags/n2-cwp/"},{"code":"DIP","name":"Diplomacy / Foreign Policy","description":"N2:DIP","topic_url":"/tags/n2-dip/"},{"code":"DRU","description":"N2:DRU","topic_url":"/tags/n2-dru/"},{"code":"ENER","name":"Energy (TRBC level 1)","description":"N2:ENER","topic_url":"/tags/n2-ener/"},{"code":"ENFF","name":"Energy - Fossil Fuels (TRBC level 2)","description":"N2:ENFF","topic_url":"/tags/n2-enff/"},{"code":"ENG","description":"N2:ENG","topic_url":"/tags/n2-eng/"},{"code":"ENQSVC","name":"Oil & Gas Related Equipment and Services (TRBC level 3)","description":"N2:ENQSVC","topic_url":"/tags/n2-enqsvc/"},{"code":"ENR","description":"N2:ENR","topic_url":"/tags/n2-enr/"},{"code":"EXPRO","name":"Oil & Gas Exploration and Production (TRBC level 4)","description":"N2:EXPRO","topic_url":"/tags/n2-expro/"},{"code":"EXPRO1","name":"Oil & Gas Exploration and Production (NEC) (TRBC level 5)","description":"N2:EXPRO1","topic_url":"/tags/n2-expro1/"},{"code":"GASU","name":"Natural Gas Utilities (TRBC level 4)","description":"N2:GASU","topic_url":"/tags/n2-gasu/"},{"code":"GEN","name":"General News","description":"N2:GEN","topic_url":"/tags/n2-gen/"},{"code":"NARC","name":"Drug Trafficking / Narcotics","description":"N2:NARC","topic_url":"/tags/n2-narc/"},{"code":"NGASD","name":"Natural Gas Distribution (TRBC level 5)","description":"N2:NGASD","topic_url":"/tags/n2-ngasd/"},{"code":"NRG","name":"Energy Markets","description":"N2:NRG","topic_url":"/tags/n2-nrg/"},{"code":"OILG","name":"Oil & Gas (TRBC level 3)","description":"N2:OILG","topic_url":"/tags/n2-oilg/"},{"code":"OILI","name":"Integrated Oil & Gas (TRBC level 5)","description":"N2:OILI","topic_url":"/tags/n2-oili/"},{"code":"OILQ","name":"Oil Related Services and Equipment (TRBC level 4)","description":"N2:OILQ","topic_url":"/tags/n2-oilq/"},{"code":"OILQ1","name":"Oil Related Services and Equipment (NEC) (TRBC level 5)","description":"N2:OILQ1","topic_url":"/tags/n2-oilq1/"},{"code":"POL","name":"Government / Politics","description":"N2:POL","topic_url":"/tags/n2-pol/"},{"code":"PUBL","name":"Public Company News","description":"N2:PUBL","topic_url":"/tags/n2-publ/"},{"code":"REFI","name":"Oil & Gas Refining and Marketing (TRBC level 4)","description":"N2:REFI","topic_url":"/tags/n2-refi/"},{"code":"REFI1","name":"Oil & Gas Refining and Marketing (NEC) (TRBC level 5)","description":"N2:REFI1","topic_url":"/tags/n2-refi1/"},{"code":"SECUR","name":"International / National Security","description":"N2:SECUR","topic_url":"/tags/n2-secur/"},{"code":"UTIL","name":"Utilities (TRBC level 2)","description":"N2:UTIL","topic_url":"/tags/n2-util/"},{"code":"AMERS","name":"Americas","description":"N2:AMERS","topic_url":"/tags/n2-amers/"},{"code":"US","name":"United States","description":"N2:US","topic_url":"/tags/n2-us/"},{"code":"VE","name":"Venezuela","description":"N2:VE","topic_url":"/tags/n2-ve/"},{"code":"NAMER","name":"North America","description":"N2:NAMER","topic_url":"/tags/n2-namer/"},{"code":"EMRG","name":"Emerging Market Countries","description":"N2:EMRG","topic_url":"/tags/n2-emrg/"},{"code":"LATAM","name":"South America / Central America","description":"N2:LATAM","topic_url":"/tags/n2-latam/"},{"code":"SAMER","name":"South America","description":"N2:SAMER","topic_url":"/tags/n2-samer/"},{"code":"BACT","name":"Corporate Events","description":"N2:BACT","topic_url":"/tags/n2-bact/"},{"code":"BIZ","description":"N2:BIZ","topic_url":"/tags/n2-biz/"},{"code":"CPROD","name":"Products / Services","description":"N2:CPROD","topic_url":"/tags/n2-cprod/"},{"code":"TRD","name":"International Trade","description":"N2:TRD","topic_url":"/tags/n2-trd/"},{"code":"TRDEMB","name":"Embargoes / Sanctions","description":"N2:TRDEMB","topic_url":"/tags/n2-trdemb/"},{"code":"XPAND","name":"Expansions / New Markets / New Units","description":"N2:XPAND","topic_url":"/tags/n2-xpand/"},{"code":"ASIA","name":"Asia / Pacific","description":"N2:ASIA","topic_url":"/tags/n2-asia/"},{"code":"EUROP","name":"Europe","description":"N2:EUROP","topic_url":"/tags/n2-europ/"},{"code":"LATCRU","name":"Latin America Crudes","description":"N2:LATCRU","topic_url":"/tags/n2-latcru/"},{"code":"NEWS1","name":"Major News","description":"N2:NEWS1","topic_url":"/tags/n2-news1/"},{"code":"REGS","name":"Corporate / Market Regulation","description":"N2:REGS","topic_url":"/tags/n2-regs/"},{"code":"ES","name":"Spain","description":"N2:ES","topic_url":"/tags/n2-es/"},{"code":"IN","name":"India","description":"N2:IN","topic_url":"/tags/n2-in/"},{"code":"IT","name":"Italy","description":"N2:IT","topic_url":"/tags/n2-it/"},{"code":"AMCRU","name":"Americas Crudes","description":"N2:AMCRU","topic_url":"/tags/n2-amcru/"},{"code":"SASIA","name":"South Asia","description":"N2:SASIA","topic_url":"/tags/n2-sasia/"},{"code":"WEU","name":"Western Europe","description":"N2:WEU","topic_url":"/tags/n2-weu/"},{"code":"EZC","name":"Euro Zone","description":"N2:EZC","topic_url":"/tags/n2-ezc/"},{"code":"EMEA","name":"Europe, Middle East and Africa","description":"N2:EMEA","topic_url":"/tags/n2-emea/"},{"code":"ASXPAC","name":"Asia","description":"N2:ASXPAC","topic_url":"/tags/n2-asxpac/"},{"code":"TOPNWS","name":"Reuters Top News","description":"N2:TOPNWS","topic_url":"/tags/n2-topnws/"},{"code":"CU","name":"Cuba","description":"N2:CU","topic_url":"/tags/n2-cu/"},{"code":"CARIBN","name":"Caribbean","description":"N2:CARIBN","topic_url":"/tags/n2-caribn/"},{"code":"TOPCMB","name":"Top News","description":"N2:TOPCMB","topic_url":"/tags/n2-topcmb/"}],"ad_topics":["com","DeathInjrConft","crime","engy","engy","drugs","pol","trade"],"ad_unit_path":"/4735792/reuters.com/business/energy/article","mobile_ad_unit_path":"/4735792/app.reuters/business/energy/article","keywords":["USA","VENEZUELA/OIL","LICENSE (UPDATE 4, PIX)"],"usn":"S0N3WU03Z","tag_topic_count":4,"show_tags":true},"summary":[{"description":"Broad US license eases some sanctions on Venezuelan oil"},{"description":"Does not ease measures on production of Venezuelan crude"},{"description":"Represents shift from issuing individual licenses"},{"description":"Transactions with entities in Cuba not allowed"}],"companies":[{"code":"P:5055424391","name":"Baker Hughes Co","topic_url":"/company/baker-hughes-co/","topic_display_name":"Company","display":true,"thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM.jpg","caption":"The Wall St. sign is seen outside the door to the New York Stock Exchange in New York's financial district February 4, 2014. REUTERS/Brendan McDermid (UNITED STATES - Tags: BUSINESS) - GM1EA25038Q01","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM.jpg?auth=70f5c67e422e1b3e7dd056783e186704920996c0ee15c8f7bd92bb0e7d9acbca","id":"ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM","authors":"Brendan McDermid","alt_text":"TOPIC:DEFAULT_COMPANIES_THUMBNAIL","width":800,"height":533,"subtitle":"TOPIC:DEFAULT_COMPANIES_THUMBNAIL","slug":"MARKETS-STOCKS/","updated_at":"2021-05-28T13:35:56Z"}},{"code":"P:4295903744","name":"Chevron Corp","topic_url":"/company/chevron-corp/","topic_display_name":"Company","display":true,"thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM.jpg","caption":"The Wall St. sign is seen outside the door to the New York Stock Exchange in New York's financial district February 4, 2014. REUTERS/Brendan McDermid (UNITED STATES - Tags: BUSINESS) - GM1EA25038Q01","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM.jpg?auth=70f5c67e422e1b3e7dd056783e186704920996c0ee15c8f7bd92bb0e7d9acbca","id":"ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM","authors":"Brendan McDermid","alt_text":"TOPIC:DEFAULT_COMPANIES_THUMBNAIL","width":800,"height":533,"subtitle":"TOPIC:DEFAULT_COMPANIES_THUMBNAIL","slug":"MARKETS-STOCKS/","updated_at":"2021-05-28T13:35:56Z"}},{"code":"P:4295903051","name":"Conocophillips","topic_url":"/company/conocophillips/","topic_display_name":"Company","display":true,"thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM.jpg","caption":"The Wall St. sign is seen outside the door to the New York Stock Exchange in New York's financial district February 4, 2014. REUTERS/Brendan McDermid (UNITED STATES - Tags: BUSINESS) - GM1EA25038Q01","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM.jpg?auth=70f5c67e422e1b3e7dd056783e186704920996c0ee15c8f7bd92bb0e7d9acbca","id":"ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM","authors":"Brendan McDermid","alt_text":"TOPIC:DEFAULT_COMPANIES_THUMBNAIL","width":800,"height":533,"subtitle":"TOPIC:DEFAULT_COMPANIES_THUMBNAIL","slug":"MARKETS-STOCKS/","updated_at":"2021-05-28T13:35:56Z"}},{"code":"P:4295912121","name":"Exxon Mobil Corp","topic_url":"/company/exxon-mobil-corp/","topic_display_name":"Company","display":true,"thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM.jpg","caption":"The Wall St. sign is seen outside the door to the New York Stock Exchange in New York's financial district February 4, 2014. REUTERS/Brendan McDermid (UNITED STATES - Tags: BUSINESS) - GM1EA25038Q01","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM.jpg?auth=70f5c67e422e1b3e7dd056783e186704920996c0ee15c8f7bd92bb0e7d9acbca","id":"ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM","authors":"Brendan McDermid","alt_text":"TOPIC:DEFAULT_COMPANIES_THUMBNAIL","width":800,"height":533,"subtitle":"TOPIC:DEFAULT_COMPANIES_THUMBNAIL","slug":"MARKETS-STOCKS/","updated_at":"2021-05-28T13:35:56Z"}},{"code":"P:4295904116","name":"Halliburton Co","topic_url":"/company/halliburton-co/","topic_display_name":"Company","display":true,"thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM.jpg","caption":"The Wall St. sign is seen outside the door to the New York Stock Exchange in New York's financial district February 4, 2014. REUTERS/Brendan McDermid (UNITED STATES - Tags: BUSINESS) - GM1EA25038Q01","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM.jpg?auth=70f5c67e422e1b3e7dd056783e186704920996c0ee15c8f7bd92bb0e7d9acbca","id":"ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM","authors":"Brendan McDermid","alt_text":"TOPIC:DEFAULT_COMPANIES_THUMBNAIL","width":800,"height":533,"subtitle":"TOPIC:DEFAULT_COMPANIES_THUMBNAIL","slug":"MARKETS-STOCKS/","updated_at":"2021-05-28T13:35:56Z"}},{"code":"P:5001438555","name":"Marathon Petroleum Corp","topic_url":"/company/marathon-petroleum-corp/","topic_display_name":"Company","display":true,"thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM.jpg","caption":"The Wall St. sign is seen outside the door to the New York Stock Exchange in New York's financial district February 4, 2014. REUTERS/Brendan McDermid (UNITED STATES - Tags: BUSINESS) - GM1EA25038Q01","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM.jpg?auth=70f5c67e422e1b3e7dd056783e186704920996c0ee15c8f7bd92bb0e7d9acbca","id":"ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM","authors":"Brendan McDermid","alt_text":"TOPIC:DEFAULT_COMPANIES_THUMBNAIL","width":800,"height":533,"subtitle":"TOPIC:DEFAULT_COMPANIES_THUMBNAIL","slug":"MARKETS-STOCKS/","updated_at":"2021-05-28T13:35:56Z"}},{"code":"P:5036398194","name":"PBF Energy Inc","topic_url":"/company/pbf-energy-inc/","topic_display_name":"Company","display":true,"thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM.jpg","caption":"The Wall St. sign is seen outside the door to the New York Stock Exchange in New York's financial district February 4, 2014. REUTERS/Brendan McDermid (UNITED STATES - Tags: BUSINESS) - GM1EA25038Q01","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM.jpg?auth=70f5c67e422e1b3e7dd056783e186704920996c0ee15c8f7bd92bb0e7d9acbca","id":"ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM","authors":"Brendan McDermid","alt_text":"TOPIC:DEFAULT_COMPANIES_THUMBNAIL","width":800,"height":533,"subtitle":"TOPIC:DEFAULT_COMPANIES_THUMBNAIL","slug":"MARKETS-STOCKS/","updated_at":"2021-05-28T13:35:56Z"}},{"code":"P:5037128948","name":"Phillips 66","topic_url":"/company/phillips-66/","topic_display_name":"Company","display":true,"thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM.jpg","caption":"The Wall St. sign is seen outside the door to the New York Stock Exchange in New York's financial district February 4, 2014. REUTERS/Brendan McDermid (UNITED STATES - Tags: BUSINESS) - GM1EA25038Q01","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM.jpg?auth=70f5c67e422e1b3e7dd056783e186704920996c0ee15c8f7bd92bb0e7d9acbca","id":"ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM","authors":"Brendan McDermid","alt_text":"TOPIC:DEFAULT_COMPANIES_THUMBNAIL","width":800,"height":533,"subtitle":"TOPIC:DEFAULT_COMPANIES_THUMBNAIL","slug":"MARKETS-STOCKS/","updated_at":"2021-05-28T13:35:56Z"}},{"code":"P:4295904888","name":"Slb NV","topic_url":"/company/slb-nv/","topic_display_name":"Company","display":true,"thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM.jpg","caption":"The Wall St. sign is seen outside the door to the New York Stock Exchange in New York's financial district February 4, 2014. REUTERS/Brendan McDermid (UNITED STATES - Tags: BUSINESS) - GM1EA25038Q01","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM.jpg?auth=70f5c67e422e1b3e7dd056783e186704920996c0ee15c8f7bd92bb0e7d9acbca","id":"ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM","authors":"Brendan McDermid","alt_text":"TOPIC:DEFAULT_COMPANIES_THUMBNAIL","width":800,"height":533,"subtitle":"TOPIC:DEFAULT_COMPANIES_THUMBNAIL","slug":"MARKETS-STOCKS/","updated_at":"2021-05-28T13:35:56Z"}},{"code":"P:4295905198","name":"Valero Energy Corp","topic_url":"/company/valero-energy-corp/","topic_display_name":"Company","display":true,"thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM.jpg","caption":"The Wall St. sign is seen outside the door to the New York Stock Exchange in New York's financial district February 4, 2014. REUTERS/Brendan McDermid (UNITED STATES - Tags: BUSINESS) - GM1EA25038Q01","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM.jpg?auth=70f5c67e422e1b3e7dd056783e186704920996c0ee15c8f7bd92bb0e7d9acbca","id":"ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM","authors":"Brendan McDermid","alt_text":"TOPIC:DEFAULT_COMPANIES_THUMBNAIL","width":800,"height":533,"subtitle":"TOPIC:DEFAULT_COMPANIES_THUMBNAIL","slug":"MARKETS-STOCKS/","updated_at":"2021-05-28T13:35:56Z"}},{"code":"P:4295875633","name":"Eni SpA","topic_url":"/company/eni-spa/","topic_display_name":"Company","display":true,"thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM.jpg","caption":"The Wall St. sign is seen outside the door to the New York Stock Exchange in New York's financial district February 4, 2014. REUTERS/Brendan McDermid (UNITED STATES - Tags: BUSINESS) - GM1EA25038Q01","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM.jpg?auth=70f5c67e422e1b3e7dd056783e186704920996c0ee15c8f7bd92bb0e7d9acbca","id":"ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM","authors":"Brendan McDermid","alt_text":"TOPIC:DEFAULT_COMPANIES_THUMBNAIL","width":800,"height":533,"subtitle":"TOPIC:DEFAULT_COMPANIES_THUMBNAIL","slug":"MARKETS-STOCKS/","updated_at":"2021-05-28T13:35:56Z"}},{"code":"P:4295916203","name":"Petroleos de Venezuela SA","topic_url":"/company/petroleos-de-venezuela-sa/","topic_display_name":"Company","display":true,"thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM.jpg","caption":"The Wall St. sign is seen outside the door to the New York Stock Exchange in New York's financial district February 4, 2014. REUTERS/Brendan McDermid (UNITED STATES - Tags: BUSINESS) - GM1EA25038Q01","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM.jpg?auth=70f5c67e422e1b3e7dd056783e186704920996c0ee15c8f7bd92bb0e7d9acbca","id":"ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM","authors":"Brendan McDermid","alt_text":"TOPIC:DEFAULT_COMPANIES_THUMBNAIL","width":800,"height":533,"subtitle":"TOPIC:DEFAULT_COMPANIES_THUMBNAIL","slug":"MARKETS-STOCKS/","updated_at":"2021-05-28T13:35:56Z"}},{"code":"P:4295872979","name":"Reliance Industries Ltd","topic_url":"/company/reliance-industries-ltd/","topic_display_name":"Company","display":true,"thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM.jpg","caption":"The Wall St. sign is seen outside the door to the New York Stock Exchange in New York's financial district February 4, 2014. REUTERS/Brendan McDermid (UNITED STATES - Tags: BUSINESS) - GM1EA25038Q01","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM.jpg?auth=70f5c67e422e1b3e7dd056783e186704920996c0ee15c8f7bd92bb0e7d9acbca","id":"ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM","authors":"Brendan McDermid","alt_text":"TOPIC:DEFAULT_COMPANIES_THUMBNAIL","width":800,"height":533,"subtitle":"TOPIC:DEFAULT_COMPANIES_THUMBNAIL","slug":"MARKETS-STOCKS/","updated_at":"2021-05-28T13:35:56Z"}},{"code":"P:4295889563","name":"Repsol SA","topic_url":"/company/repsol-sa/","topic_display_name":"Company","display":true,"thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM.jpg","caption":"The Wall St. sign is seen outside the door to the New York Stock Exchange in New York's financial district February 4, 2014. REUTERS/Brendan McDermid (UNITED STATES - Tags: BUSINESS) - GM1EA25038Q01","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM.jpg?auth=70f5c67e422e1b3e7dd056783e186704920996c0ee15c8f7bd92bb0e7d9acbca","id":"ZCQ5SPBKNNGXDJUYVFRTM36JYM","authors":"Brendan McDermid","alt_text":"TOPIC:DEFAULT_COMPANIES_THUMBNAIL","width":800,"height":533,"subtitle":"TOPIC:DEFAULT_COMPANIES_THUMBNAIL","slug":"MARKETS-STOCKS/","updated_at":"2021-05-28T13:35:56Z"}}],"newsletters":[{"name":"Reuters Power Up","promoBoxDescription":"The Reuters Power Up newsletter provides everything you need to know about the global energy industry.","landingPageUrl":"/newsletters/reuters-power-up/","sailThruId":"reuters_power_up"},{"name":"Reuters Sustainable Switch","promoBoxDescription":"Make sense of the latest ESG trends affecting companies and governments with the Reuters Sustainable Switch newsletter.","landingPageUrl":"/newsletters/reuters-sustainable-switch/","sailThruId":"sustainable_switch"},{"name":"Reuters Sustainable Finance","promoBoxDescription":"Stay up to date on the key companies, data, and decisions in the ESG world with the Reuters Sustainable Finance newsletter.","landingPageUrl":"/newsletters/reuters-sustainable-finance/","sailThruId":"sustainable_finance"},{"name":"The Week in Breakingviews","promoBoxDescription":"The Week in Breakingviews newsletter offers insights and ideas from Reuters' global financial commentary team.","landingPageUrl":"/newsletters/the-week-in-breakingviews/","sailThruId":"week_in_BV"},{"name":"Reuters Daily Briefing","promoBoxDescription":"The Reuters Daily Briefing newsletter provides all the news you need to start your day.","landingPageUrl":"/newsletters/daily-briefing/","sailThruId":"newsletter_subscription"}],"notification_settings":{"title":"Business","braze_custom_attribute":"application_business_alert"},"dart_zones":{"topic":"com,crime,conft,engy,drugs,pol,trade"},"eleven_labs":{"project_id":"wA6CxonxXvIBD708fAAK","html_snippet":"<div id=\"elevenlabs-audionative-widget\" data-height=\"90\" data-width=\"100%\" data-frameborder=\"no\" data-scrolling=\"no\" data-publicuserid=\"4755746b1f90e57c3c83176ebb4062380b8a9a1a2e7bf22c8d2d745486357d64\" data-playerurl=\"https://elevenlabs.io/player/index.html\" data-projectid=\"wA6CxonxXvIBD708fAAK\" >Loading the <a href=\"https://elevenlabs.io/text-to-speech\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Elevenlabs Text to Speech</a> AudioNative Player...</div><script src=\"https://elevenlabs.io/player/audioNativeHelper.js\" type=\"text/javascript\"><\/script>","audio_url":"https://eleven-public-cdn.elevenlabs.io/audio-native/4755746b1f90e57c3c83176ebb4062380b8a9a1a2e7bf22c8d2d745486357d64/wA6CxonxXvIBD708fAAK/078tWkPi01AAPrCHOVLI.mp3"},"response_time":1769742263003},"_id":"3bdf2a6ddb5471db4108c9d085a6d9f18b0f812656ae9d833d0fcfc972c084ad"};Fusion.globalContentConfig={"source":"article-by-id-or-url-v1","query":{"uri":"/business/energy/us-eases-sanctions-venezuelan-oil-industry-2026-01-29/","website":"reuters","published":"true","website_url":"/business/energy/us-eases-sanctions-venezuelan-oil-industry-2026-01-29/","arc-site":"reuters"}};Fusion.lastModified=1769742263154;Fusion.contentCache={"site-hierarchy-by-name-v1":{"{\"hierarchy_name\":\"Website\",\"website\":\"reuters\"}":{"data":{"statusCode":200,"message":"Success","result":{"id":"/","website":"reuters","name":"Reuters","language":"en","type":"section","node_type":"section","children":[{"id":"/world/","ad_unit_code":"/world","website":"reuters","name":"World","page_title":"World","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false"},"node_type":"section","children":[{"id":"/world/africa/","ad_unit_code":"/africa","website":"reuters","name":"Africa","page_title":"Africa","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/world/americas/","ad_unit_code":"/americas","website":"reuters","name":"Americas","page_title":"Americas","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/world/asia-pacific/","ad_unit_code":"/apac","website":"reuters","name":"Asia Pacific","page_title":"Asia Pacific","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"true"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/world/china/","ad_unit_code":"/world/china","website":"reuters","name":"China","page_title":"China","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/world/europe/","ad_unit_code":"/world/europe","website":"reuters","name":"Europe","page_title":"Europe","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/world/india/","ad_unit_code":"/india","website":"reuters","name":"India","page_title":"India","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/world/israel-hamas/","ad_unit_code":"/israelhamas","website":"reuters","name":"Israel and Hamas at War","description":"The Hamas Oct. 7 attacks on Israel unleashed a fresh cycle of violence that has rocked the Middle East","page_title":"Israel and Hamas at War","can_follow":true,"language":"en","template_type":"topic","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/world/japan/","ad_unit_code":"/japan","website":"reuters","name":"Japan","page_title":"Japan","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/world/middle-east/","ad_unit_code":"/middleeast","website":"reuters","name":"Middle East","page_title":"Middle East","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/world/ukraine-russia-war/","ad_unit_code":"/ukrainecrisis","website":"reuters","name":"Ukraine and Russia at War","description":"Russia’s invasion of Ukraine started the deadliest war on European soil in more than 70 years.","page_title":"Ukraine and Russia at War","can_follow":true,"language":"en","template_type":"topic","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"topiceventlogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/world/uk/","ad_unit_code":"/uk","website":"reuters","name":"United Kingdom","page_title":"United Kingdom","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"uklogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/world/us/","ad_unit_code":"/us","website":"reuters","name":"United States","page_title":"United States","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"true","sponsor_logo_type":"uslogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/world/reuters-next/","ad_unit_code":"/reutersnext","website":"reuters","name":"Reuters NEXT New York","description":"Tech, luxury, media and metals executives discuss key economic drivers ","page_title":"Reuters NEXT New York","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"reutersnextlogo"},"node_type":"section"}]},{"id":"/business/","ad_unit_code":"/business","website":"reuters","name":"Business","page_title":"Business","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"businesslogo"},"node_type":"section","children":[{"id":"/business/aerospace-defense/","ad_unit_code":"/aerospace","website":"reuters","name":"Aerospace & Defense","page_title":"Aerospace & Defense","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"aerospacelogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/business/autos-transportation/","ad_unit_code":"/autos","website":"reuters","name":"Autos & Transportation","page_title":"Autos & Transportation","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"autoslogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/business/davos/","ad_unit_code":"/davos","website":"reuters","name":"Davos","description":"World Economic Forum in Davos","page_title":"Davos","language":"en","template_type":"topic","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"davoslogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/business/energy/","ad_unit_code":"/energy","website":"reuters","name":"Energy","page_title":"Energy","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"energylogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/business/environment/","ad_unit_code":"/environment","website":"reuters","name":"Environment","page_title":"Environment","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"environmentlogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/business/finance/","ad_unit_code":"/finance","website":"reuters","name":"Finance","page_title":"Finance","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsor_logo_type":"financelogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/","ad_unit_code":"/healthcare","website":"reuters","name":"Healthcare & Pharmaceuticals","page_title":"Healthcare & Pharmaceuticals","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"healthcarelogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/business/media-telecom/","ad_unit_code":"/media","website":"reuters","name":"Media & Telecom","page_title":"Media & Telecom","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"medialogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/business/retail-consumer/","ad_unit_code":"/consumer","website":"reuters","name":"Retail & Consumer","page_title":"Retail & Consumer","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"consumerlogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/business/future-of-health/","ad_unit_code":"/futureofhealth","website":"reuters","name":"Future of Health","description":"The science and business powering tomorrow's medicine.","page_title":"Future of Health","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"futureofhealthlogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/business/future-of-money/","ad_unit_code":"/futureofmoney","website":"reuters","name":"Future of Money","description":"Making sense of cryptocurrency, fintech and digital payments.","page_title":"Future of Money","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"futureofmoneylogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/business/take-five/","ad_unit_code":"/takefive","website":"reuters","name":"Take Five","description":"The economic, political and business news to watch in the week ahead.","page_title":"Take Five","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"true","sponsor_logo_type":"takefivelogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/business/world-at-work/","ad_unit_code":"/worldatwork","website":"reuters","name":"World at Work","description":"How companies and countries are reimagining the way we work, live and play.","page_title":"World at Work","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"worldatworklogo"},"node_type":"section"}]},{"id":"/markets/","ad_unit_code":"/markets","website":"reuters","name":"Markets","page_title":"Markets","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"true","sponsor_logo_type":"marketslogo"},"node_type":"section","children":[{"id":"/markets/on-the-money/","ad_unit_code":"/markets/onthemoney","website":"reuters","name":"On the Money","description":"Your guide to savings, investing, retirement, taxes, credit, family finances and more with the latest news, commentary and analysis.","page_title":"On the Money","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/markets/asia/","ad_unit_code":"/asia","website":"reuters","name":"Asian Markets","page_title":"Asian Markets","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"true","sponsor_logo_type":"marketsasialogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/markets/carbon/","ad_unit_code":"/carbon","website":"reuters","name":"Carbon Markets","page_title":"Carbon Markets","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsor_logo_type":"marketscarbonlogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/markets/commodities/","ad_unit_code":"/commodities","website":"reuters","name":"Commodities","page_title":"Commodities","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"true","sponsor_logo_type":"marketscommoditieslogo"},"node_type":"section","children":[{"id":"/markets/commodities/agriculture/","ad_unit_code":"/agriculture","website":"reuters","name":"Agriculture","page_title":"Agriculture","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"true","sponsor_logo_type":"marketscommoditieslogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/markets/commodities/energy/","ad_unit_code":"/energy","website":"reuters","name":"Energy","page_title":"Energy","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"marketscommoditieslogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/markets/commodities/livestock/","ad_unit_code":"/livestock","website":"reuters","name":"Livestock","page_title":"Livestock","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"true","sponsor_logo_type":"marketscommoditieslogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/markets/commodities/metals/","ad_unit_code":"/metals","website":"reuters","name":"Metals","page_title":"Metals","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"marketscommoditieslogo"},"node_type":"section"}]},{"id":"/markets/currencies/","ad_unit_code":"/currencies","website":"reuters","name":"Currencies","page_title":"Currencies","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsor_logo_type":"marketscurrencieslogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/markets/deals/","ad_unit_code":"/deals","website":"reuters","name":"Deals","page_title":"Deals","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"true","sponsor_logo_type":"marketsdealslogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/markets/emerging/","ad_unit_code":"/emerging","website":"reuters","name":"Emerging Markets","page_title":"Emerging Markets","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"true","sponsor_logo_type":"marketsemerginglogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/markets/etf/","ad_unit_code":"/etf","website":"reuters","name":"ETFs","page_title":"ETFs","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"marketsemerginglogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/markets/europe/","ad_unit_code":"/europe","website":"reuters","name":"European Markets","page_title":"European Markets","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"true","sponsor_logo_type":"marketseuropelogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/markets/funds/","ad_unit_code":"/funds","website":"reuters","name":"Funds","page_title":"Funds","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"marketsfundslogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/markets/global-market-data/","ad_unit_code":"/global","website":"reuters","name":"Global Market Data","page_title":"Global Market Data","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"marketsgloballogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/markets/rates-bonds/","ad_unit_code":"/bonds","website":"reuters","name":"Rates & Bonds","page_title":"Rates & Bonds","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"marketsratesbondslogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/markets/stocks/","ad_unit_code":"/stocks","website":"reuters","name":"Stocks","page_title":"Stocks","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"marketsstockslogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/markets/us/","ad_unit_code":"/us","website":"reuters","name":"U.S. Markets","page_title":"U.S. Markets","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"marketsuslogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/markets/wealth/","ad_unit_code":"/wealth","website":"reuters","name":"Wealth","page_title":"Wealth","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsor_logo_type":"wealthlogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/markets/econ-world/","ad_unit_code":"/markets/econ","website":"reuters","name":"Econ World","description":"The latest news and expert analysis about the state of the global economy.","page_title":"Econ World","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"true","sponsor_logo_type":"econworldlogo"},"node_type":"section"}]},{"id":"/sustainability/","ad_unit_code":"/sustainable","website":"reuters","name":"Sustainability","page_title":"Sustainable Business","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false"},"node_type":"section","children":[{"id":"/sustainability/boards-policy-regulation/","ad_unit_code":"/boards","website":"reuters","name":"Boards, Policy & Regulation","page_title":"Boards, Policy & Regulation","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/sustainability/climate-energy/","ad_unit_code":"/climate","website":"reuters","name":"Climate & Energy","page_title":"Climate & Energy","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/sustainability/land-use-biodiversity/","ad_unit_code":"/landuse","website":"reuters","name":"Land Use & Biodiversity","page_title":"Land Use & Biodiversity","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"landusebiodiversitylogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/sustainability/society-equity/","ad_unit_code":"/society","website":"reuters","name":"Society & Equity","page_title":"Society & Equity","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"societyequitylogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/sustainability/sustainable-finance-reporting/","ad_unit_code":"/finance","website":"reuters","name":"Sustainable Finance & Reporting","page_title":"Sustainable Finance & Reporting","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"boardspolicyregulationlogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/sustainability/the-switch/","ad_unit_code":"/the-switch","website":"reuters","name":"The Switch","description":"The people, technology and companies working toward a sustainable future","page_title":"The Switch","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"theswitchlogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/sustainability/reuters-impact/","ad_unit_code":"/reutersimpact","website":"reuters","name":"Reuters Impact","description":"Tackling climate change with businesses, scientists and thinkers","page_title":"Reuters Impact","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"reutersimpactlogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/sustainability/cop/","ad_unit_code":"/cop","website":"reuters","name":"COP30","description":"The latest news from the U.N. COP30 climate summit","page_title":"COP30","language":"en","template_type":"topic","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"coplogo"},"node_type":"section"}]},{"id":"/legal/","ad_unit_code":"/legal","website":"reuters","name":"Legal","page_title":"Legal","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"legallogo"},"node_type":"section","children":[{"id":"/legal/government/","ad_unit_code":"/government","website":"reuters","name":"Government","page_title":"Government","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"legalgovernmentlogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/legal/legalindustry/","ad_unit_code":"/industry","website":"reuters","name":"Legal Industry","page_title":"Legal Industry","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"legallegalindustrylogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/legal/litigation/","ad_unit_code":"/litigation","website":"reuters","name":"Litigation","page_title":"Litigation","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"legallitigationlogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/legal/transactional/","ad_unit_code":"/transactional","website":"reuters","name":"Transactional","page_title":"Transactional","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"legaltransactionallogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/legal/us-supreme-court/","ad_unit_code":"/scotus","website":"reuters","name":"US Supreme Court","page_title":"US Supreme Court","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsor_logo_type":"legalussupremecourtlogo"},"node_type":"section"}]},{"id":"/commentary/","ad_unit_code":"/commentary","website":"reuters","name":"Commentary","description":"Columns from Reuters Open Interest and Reuters Breakingviews.","page_title":"Commentary","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"commentarylogo"},"node_type":"section","children":[{"id":"/commentary/breakingviews/","ad_unit_code":"/commentary/breakingviews","website":"reuters","name":"Breakingviews","description":"Breakingviews provides financial professionals with unique agenda-setting insight on the major financial news stories as they break globally every day","page_title":"Breakingviews","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"breakingviewslogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/breakingviews/predictions/","ad_unit_code":"/predictions","website":"reuters","name":"Breakingviews Predictions","page_title":"Breakingviews Predictions","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"true","sponsor_logo_type":"breakingviewspredictionslogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/commentary/reuters-open-interest/","ad_unit_code":"/commentary/roi","website":"reuters","name":"ROI: Reuters Open Interest","description":"ROI offers data-driven expert commentary on the trends driving global markets.","page_title":"ROI: Reuters Open Interest","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false"},"node_type":"section"}]},{"id":"/technology/","ad_unit_code":"/technology","website":"reuters","name":"Technology","page_title":"Technology","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"true","sponsor_logo_type":"technologylogo"},"node_type":"section","children":[{"id":"/technology/artificial-intelligence/","ad_unit_code":"/ai","website":"reuters","name":"Artificial Intelligence","description":"How Artificial Intelligence is creating the next normal","page_title":"Artificial Intelligence","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"true","sponsor_logo_type":"ailogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/technology/cybersecurity/","ad_unit_code":"/cybersec","website":"reuters","name":"Cybersecurity","page_title":"Cybersecurity","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsor_logo_type":"cybersecuritylogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/technology/space/","ad_unit_code":"/space","website":"reuters","name":"Space","page_title":"Space","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsor_logo_type":"spacelogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/technology/disrupted/","ad_unit_code":"/disrupted","website":"reuters","name":"Disrupted","description":"How innovation in technology is transforming business, communications and entertainment","page_title":"Disrupted","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"true","sponsor_logo_type":"disruptedlogo"},"node_type":"section"}]},{"id":"/investigations/","ad_unit_code":"/investigation","website":"reuters","name":"Investigations","description":"Investigations, explanatory journalism and long-form narratives by Reuters journalists around the world.","page_title":"Reuters Investigates","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsor_logo_type":"investigationslogo"},"node_type":"section","site":{"site_url":"https://www.reuters.com/investigations/"}},{"id":"/sports/","ad_unit_code":"/sports","website":"reuters","name":"Sports","page_title":"Sports","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"sportslogo"},"node_type":"section","children":[{"id":"/sports/athletics/","ad_unit_code":"/athletics","website":"reuters","name":"Athletics","page_title":"Athletics","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"athleticslogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/sports/baseball/","ad_unit_code":"/baseball","website":"reuters","name":"Baseball","page_title":"Baseball","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"baseballlogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/sports/basketball/","ad_unit_code":"/basketball","website":"reuters","name":"Basketball","page_title":"Basketball","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"basketballlogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/sports/cricket/","ad_unit_code":"/cricket","website":"reuters","name":"Cricket","page_title":"Cricket","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"cricketlogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/sports/cycling/","ad_unit_code":"/cycling","website":"reuters","name":"Cycling","page_title":"Cycling","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"cyclinglogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/sports/formula1/","ad_unit_code":"/formula1","website":"reuters","name":"Formula 1","page_title":"Formula 1","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"formula1logo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/sports/golf/","ad_unit_code":"/golf","website":"reuters","name":"Golf","page_title":"Golf","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"golflogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/sports/nfl/","ad_unit_code":"/nfl","website":"reuters","name":"NFL","page_title":"NFL","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"nfllogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/sports/nhl/","ad_unit_code":"/nhl","website":"reuters","name":"NHL","page_title":"NHL","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"nhllogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/sports/soccer/","ad_unit_code":"/soccer","website":"reuters","name":"Soccer","page_title":"Soccer","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"soccerlogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/sports/tennis/","ad_unit_code":"/tennis","website":"reuters","name":"Tennis","page_title":"Tennis","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"tennislogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/sports/olympics/","ad_unit_code":"/olympics","website":"reuters","name":"Winter Olympics","description":"News about the Milano Cortina 2026 Olympic Games including latest stories and live updates","page_title":"Milano Cortina 2026 Winter Olympics","language":"en","template_type":"topic","short_description":"News about the Milano Cortina 2026 Olympic Games including latest stories and live updates","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"olympicslogo"},"node_type":"section"}]},{"id":"/science/","ad_unit_code":"/science","website":"reuters","name":"Science","page_title":"Science","can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"sciencelogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/lifestyle/","ad_unit_code":"/lifestyle","website":"reuters","name":"Lifestyle","page_title":"Lifestyle","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"lifestylelogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/city-memo/","ad_unit_code":"/citymemo","website":"reuters","name":"City Memo","description":"The inside view on what to do in the most interesting places around the world","page_title":"City Memo","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsor_logo_type":"city-memologo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/graphics/","ad_unit_code":"/graphics","website":"reuters","name":"Graphics","description":"The latest Graphics on politics, sports, culture, science and environment from our journalists around the world","page_title":"Graphics","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"graphicslogo"},"node_type":"section","site":{"site_url":"https://www.reuters.com/graphics/"}},{"id":"/pictures/","ad_unit_code":"/pictures","website":"reuters","name":"Pictures","page_title":"Pictures","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"pictureslogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/wider-image/","ad_unit_code":"/widerimage","website":"reuters","name":"Wider Image","description":"The home for Reuters in-depth visual storytelling","page_title":"The Wider Image","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"widerimagelogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/podcasts/","ad_unit_code":"/podcasts","website":"reuters","name":"Podcasts","description":"The latest news podcasts from around the world by our frontline journalists.","page_title":"Podcasts","language":"en","network_id":"7d3db05a-8c41-11ed-a109-9b062d29da32","podcast_id":"e3c7d1b2-8c45-11ed-80a2-172771c99810","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"podcastslogo"},"node_type":"section","children":[{"id":"/podcasts/reuters-world-news/","ad_unit_code":"/podcasts/worldnews","website":"reuters","name":"Reuters World News","description":"Everything you need to know about your world in 10 minutes. Go straight to the source with a ten-minute news briefing by Reuters frontline journalists. Join host Kim Vinnell as she takes you around the world every weekday.","page_title":"Reuters World News","language":"en","network_id":"7d3db05a-8c41-11ed-a109-9b062d29da32","podcast_id":"e3c7d1b2-8c45-11ed-80a2-172771c99810","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"podcastslogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/podcasts/reuters-morning-bid/","ad_unit_code":"/podcasts/morning","website":"reuters","name":"Reuters Morning Bid","description":"The conversational weekday markets and finance podcast hosted by Mike Dolan and Anna Szymanski. Providing listeners with a breakdown of the day’s key market news in a chatty, yet informative manner.","page_title":"Reuters Morning Bid","language":"en","network_id":"7d3db05a-8c41-11ed-a109-9b062d29da32","podcast_id":"8d7badb4-26b3-11f0-a040-1fe12f445fb2","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsor_logo_type":"podcastslogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/podcasts/reuters-econ-world/","ad_unit_code":"/podcasts/econworld","website":"reuters","name":"Reuters Econ World","description":"Join Reuters journalist Carmel Crimmins every week as she and her guests pick apart a key economic principle behind the world’s news. Get beyond buzzwords and technical terms to understand the ideas and debates shaping the global economic agenda.","page_title":"Reuters Econ World","language":"en","network_id":"7d3db05a-8c41-11ed-a109-9b062d29da32","podcast_id":"3c37d102-0c70-11ef-9f2a-d3c80df1fc79","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"podcastslogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/podcasts/on-assignment/","ad_unit_code":"/podcasts/onassignment","website":"reuters","name":"On Assignment","description":"Dive into the stories behind the news with a new podcast from Reuters. We take you past the headlines right to the heart of the action. From the frontlines of war to corporate boardrooms and the centers of political power, listen to our award-winning investigative journalists around the world make sense of the most important stories today.","page_title":"On Assignment","language":"en","network_id":"7d3db05a-8c41-11ed-a109-9b062d29da32","podcast_id":"e3c7d1b2-8c45-11ed-80a2-172771c99810","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"podcastslogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/podcasts/viewsroom/","ad_unit_code":"/podcasts/viewsroom","website":"reuters","name":"Viewsroom","description":"Pull up a chair and join the debate about the biggest stories in global business and finance. Breakingviews columnists talk about the big numbers, crunchy deals and nasty spats in global business and economics, offering a weekly dose of financial insight that goes beyond the concise and provocative views readers get from our columns every day.","page_title":"Viewsroom","language":"en","network_id":"aa71465a-a087-11ec-8680-73c03cf16654","podcast_id":"3f585882-b431-11ec-b607-27400e0231df","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"podcastslogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/podcasts/the-big-view/","ad_unit_code":"/podcasts/bigview","website":"reuters","name":"The Big View","description":"Reuters Breakingviews columnists tap their best contacts to explore the biggest issues driving business and markets today. Every Tuesday, Global Editor Peter Thal Larsen and his team tackle a pressing question with a senior executive, financier, policymaker, or other expert. The Big View helps you understand what is going on, explore all sides of the argument, and think about what happens next.","page_title":"The Big View","language":"en","network_id":"aa71465a-a087-11ec-8680-73c03cf16654","podcast_id":"b1c9fd44-b431-11ec-90ef-133914fde813","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"podcastslogo"},"node_type":"section"}]},{"id":"/live/","ad_unit_code":"/live","website":"reuters","name":"Live","page_title":"Live","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsor_logo_type":"livelogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/fact-check/","ad_unit_code":"/fact-check","website":"reuters","name":"Fact Check","description":"Examining social media narratives and misinformation","page_title":"Reuters Fact Check","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"fact-checklogo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/video/","ad_unit_code":"/video","website":"reuters","name":"Video","page_title":"Video","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"videologo"},"node_type":"section"},{"id":"/sponsored/","ad_unit_code":"/sponsored","website":"reuters","name":"Sponsored Content","page_title":"Sponsored Content","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsor_logo_type":"sponsoredlogo"},"node_type":"section","children":[{"id":"/sponsored/reuters-plus/","ad_unit_code":"/reuters-plus","website":"reuters","name":"Reuters Plus","page_title":"Reuters Plus","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsor_logo_type":"sponsoredreuterspluslogo"},"node_type":"section","site":{"site_url":"https://www.reutersagency.com/en/services/reuters-plus-content-studio/"}},{"id":"/press-releases/","ad_unit_code":"/press-releases","website":"reuters","name":"Press Releases","page_title":"Press Releases","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsor_logo_type":"press-releaseslogo"},"node_type":"section"}]}],"response_time":1769742246409},"_id":"5819879f8916c5a2b721fa7d522bc0f04ad0c5a8217ed731b2e02cbb8ff9fc04"},"expires":1769742546411,"lastModified":1769742246340}},"articles-by-section-alias-or-id-v1":{"{\"fetch_type\":\"collection_or_section\",\"section_id\":\"/business/energy/\",\"size\":6,\"website\":\"reuters\"}":{"data":{"statusCode":200,"message":"Success","result":{"parent_section_name":"Business","pagination":{"size":6,"expected_size":6,"total_size":500,"orderby":"display_date:desc"},"date_modified":"2026-01-29T23:36:57.258Z","fetch_type":"collection","articles":[{"id":"YDSSA5VK3NPR5FTEDUMIQLYOTU","canonical_url":"/business/energy/us-eases-sanctions-venezuelan-oil-industry-2026-01-29/","website":"reuters","web":"US eases some sanctions on Venezuelan oil industry","native":"US eases some sanctions on Venezuelan oil industry","published":true,"updated_time":"2026-01-30T01:48:16.378Z","published_time":"2026-01-29T21:59:02.329Z","article_type":"Standard","display_my_news":true,"display_newsletter_signup":true,"display_notifications":true,"display_related_media":true,"display_related_organizations":true,"content_code":"metered","source":{"name":"Reuters","original_name":"Reuters"},"company_rics":"BKR.O,COP.N,CVX.N,HAL.N,MPC.N,PBF.N,PSX.N,SLB.N,VLO.N,XOM.N,ENI.MI,PDVSA.UL,RELI.NS,REP.MC","title":"US eases some sanctions on Venezuelan oil industry","basic_headline":"US eases some sanctions on Venezuelan oil industry","distributor":"Reuters","description":"The Trump administration on Thursday eased some sanctions on Venezuela's oil industry to encourage U.S. investment, after U.S. forces ousted the South American country's President Nicolas Maduro earlier this month.","primary_media_type":"image","primary_tag":{"short_bio":"Exploration & Production","description":"Exploration & Production","slug":"repi-exploration-production","text":"REPI:EXPLORATION-PRODUCTION","is_topic":true,"can_follow":true,"topic_url":"/business/energy/exploration-production/"},"word_count":944,"read_minutes":5,"kicker":{"name":"Energy","path":"/business/energy/","names":["Business","Energy"]},"ad_topics":["com","DeathInjrConft","crime","engy","engy","drugs","pol","trade"],"thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/MJIV2HU2ENOUPFSPTLESCV2LKU.jpg","caption":"Installations at the El Palito refinery of Venezuelan state oil company PDVSA, after the National Assembly approved a major reform of the country's main oil law, in Puerto Cabello, Venezuela, January 22, 2026. REUTERS/Gaby Oraa","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/MJIV2HU2ENOUPFSPTLESCV2LKU.jpg?auth=e02c014ad3abae3ec84d4152c3e42fe5874579ec230a0c3e2b6aa68c896e016c","location":"PUERTO CABELLO, VENEZUELA","id":"MJIV2HU2ENOUPFSPTLESCV2LKU","authors":"Gaby Oraa","alt_text":"Installations of El Palito refinery of Venezuelan state oil company PDVSA, in Puerto Cabello","width":5066,"height":3442,"subtitle":"Installations of El Palito refinery of Venezuelan state oil company PDVSA, in Puerto Cabello","slug":"VENEZUELA-OIL-LAW","updated_at":"2026-01-29T23:38:33Z","company":"Reuters","purchase_licensing_path":"https://www.reutersconnect.com/item/installations-of-el-palito-refinery-of-venezuelan-state-oil-company-pdvsa-in-puerto-cabello/dGFnOnJldXRlcnMuY29tLDIwMjY6bmV3c21sX1JDMkY2SkFJQ1gxVg%3D%3D/?utm_medium=rcom-article-media&utm_campaign=rcom-rcp-lead"},"display_time":"2026-01-29T21:59:02.329Z","authors":[{"id":"timothy.gardner@thomsonreuters.com","name":"Timothy Gardner","first_name":"Timothy","last_name":"Gardner","company":"Reuters","thumbnail":{"url":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/arc-authors/reuters/1bb7724b-8fde-4826-bdd0-f0f535c72cd1.png","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fs3.amazonaws.com%2Farc-authors%2Freuters%2F1bb7724b-8fde-4826-bdd0-f0f535c72cd1.png?auth=7bbb8c4ffa85576094b8fc43b04397dae6367ec3080896a1c0ed9c2869edb43a"},"social_links":[{"site":"email","url":"mailto:timothy.gardner@thomsonreuters.com"},{"site":"twitter","url":"https://x.com/timogard"},{"site":"linkedin","url":"https://www.linkedin.com/in/timothy-gardner-1448953/"}],"byline":"Timothy Gardner","description":"Timothy reports on energy and environment policy and is based in Washington, D.C. His coverage ranges from the latest in nuclear power, to environment regulations, to U.S. sanctions and geopolitics. He has been a member of three teams in the past two years that have won Reuters best journalism of the year awards. As a cyclist he is happiest outside.","topic_url":"/authors/timothy-gardner/","role":"Energy and Environment Correspondent"},{"id":"marianna.parraga@thomsonreuters.com","name":"Marianna Parraga","first_name":"Marianna","last_name":"Parraga","company":"Reuters","thumbnail":{"url":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/arc-authors/reuters/30e89cdb-f8b7-42a0-876b-459747be0bf2.png","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fs3.amazonaws.com%2Farc-authors%2Freuters%2F30e89cdb-f8b7-42a0-876b-459747be0bf2.png?auth=ae3edfc2050cce7acb606f71bc188a8e85e817a12f59260a210fe5bd6fb0d60a"},"social_links":[{"site":"email","url":"mailto:marianna.parraga@thomsonreuters.com"},{"site":"twitter","url":"https://x.com/@mariannaparraga"},{"site":"linkedin","url":"https://www.linkedin.com/in/marianna-p%C3%A1rraga-7833b08b/"}],"byline":"Marianna Parraga","description":"Focused on energy-related sanctions, corruption and money laundering with 20 years of experience covering Latin America's oil and gas industries. Born in Venezuela and based in Houston, she is author of the book \"Oro Rojo\" about Venezuela's troubled state-run company PDVSA and Mom to three boys.","topic_url":"/authors/marianna-parraga/","role":"Latin America Energy Correspondent"}]},{"id":"KIBF2K7N4ZP4JJBMYBE3Z3LK4E","canonical_url":"/world/americas/trump-impose-tariffs-goods-nations-nations-giving-oil-cuba-white-house-says-2026-01-29/","website":"reuters","web":"Trump threatens tariffs on any nation supplying Cuba with oil","native":"Trump threatens tariffs on any nation supplying Cuba with oil","published":true,"updated_time":"2026-01-29T23:51:38.657Z","published_time":"2026-01-29T23:10:24.581Z","article_type":"Standard","display_my_news":true,"display_newsletter_signup":true,"display_notifications":true,"display_related_media":true,"display_related_organizations":true,"content_code":"metered","source":{"name":"Reuters","original_name":"Reuters"},"title":"Trump threatens tariffs on any nation supplying Cuba with oil","basic_headline":"Trump threatens tariffs on any nation supplying Cuba with oil","distributor":"Reuters","description":"U.S. President Donald Trump on Thursday threatened new tariffs on countries supplying oil to Cuba, escalating a pressure campaign against the Communist-run island.","primary_media_type":"image","primary_tag":{"short_bio":"Donald Trump","description":"Donald Trump","slug":"rules-trump","text":"RULES:TRUMP","can_follow":true,"topic_url":"/world/trump/"},"word_count":217,"read_minutes":2,"kicker":{"name":"World","path":"/world/","names":["World","Americas"]},"ad_topics":["com","engy","engy","pol","trade"],"thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/L7EN23JCJFLAJFNMBX2CSRS6JU.jpg","caption":"The Liberian-flagged oil-chemical tanker Ocean Mariner sails through Havana Bay as U.S.-Cuba tensions rise after U.S. President Donald Trump vowed to stop Venezuelan oil and money from reaching Cuba and suggested the communist-run island to strike a deal with Washington, in Havana, Cuba, January 11, 2026. REUTERS/Norlys Perez","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/L7EN23JCJFLAJFNMBX2CSRS6JU.jpg?auth=bf322c6dc44e2712e319225223268a9f40668035829eb51570e20021a5d0323d","location":"HAVANA, CUBA","id":"L7EN23JCJFLAJFNMBX2CSRS6JU","authors":"Norlys Perez","alt_text":"Cuba defiant after Trump says island to receive no more Venezuelan oil or money","width":5000,"height":3193,"subtitle":"Cuba defiant after Trump says island to receive no more Venezuelan oil or money","slug":"USA-TRUMP-CUBA","updated_at":"2026-01-29T23:35:24Z","company":"Reuters","purchase_licensing_path":"https://www.reutersconnect.com/item/cuba-defiant-after-trump-says-island-to-receive-no-more-venezuelan-oil-or-money/dGFnOnJldXRlcnMuY29tLDIwMjY6bmV3c21sX1JDMjRaSUFDTEE3Ng%3D%3D/?utm_medium=rcom-article-media&utm_campaign=rcom-rcp-lead"},"display_time":"2026-01-29T23:10:24.581Z","authors":[{"id":"kanishka.singh@thomsonreuters.com","name":"Kanishka Singh","first_name":"Kanishka","last_name":"Singh","company":"Reuters","thumbnail":{"url":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/arc-authors/reuters/bd0746ed-6ac4-493e-b9f0-92e4423a949b.png","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fs3.amazonaws.com%2Farc-authors%2Freuters%2Fbd0746ed-6ac4-493e-b9f0-92e4423a949b.png?auth=b6e52686a42079f2601137f45d8b0d5442d8aceebb7503656f82c8985d16fa9d"},"social_links":[{"site":"email","url":"mailto:Kanishka.Singh@thomsonreuters.com"},{"site":"twitter","url":"https://x.com/kanishka183"}],"byline":"Kanishka Singh","description":"Kanishka Singh is a breaking news reporter for Reuters in Washington DC, who primarily covers US politics and national affairs in his current role. His past breaking news coverage has spanned across a range of topics like the Black Lives Matter movement; the US elections; the 2021 Capitol riots and their follow up probes; the Brexit deal; US-China trade tensions; the NATO withdrawal from Afghanistan; the COVID-19 pandemic; and a 2019 Supreme Court verdict on a religious dispute site in his native India.","topic_url":"/authors/kanishka-singh/","role":"Breaking News Reporter"},{"id":"jasper.ward@thomsonreuters.com","name":"Jasper Ward","first_name":"Jasper","last_name":"Ward","company":"Reuters","thumbnail":{"url":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/arc-authors/reuters/914b351c-cee9-4a60-8c26-b4c0314de8f0.png","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fs3.amazonaws.com%2Farc-authors%2Freuters%2F914b351c-cee9-4a60-8c26-b4c0314de8f0.png?auth=afd843fe33a60a3a321d828da3190feafa428d8ba846c58dfa7b2e981f66a450"},"social_links":[{"site":"email","url":"mailto:Jasper.Ward@thomsonreuters.com"},{"site":"twitter","url":"https://x.com/jasperward94"}],"byline":"Jasper Ward","description":"Jasper Ward is a breaking news reporter in Washington. She primarily covers national affairs and U.S. politics. Jasper was previously based in The Bahamas where she covered the collapse of FTX and the subsequent arrest of its founder Sam Bankman-Fried. She was a part of the Reuters team that won the Gerald Loeb Award for breaking news for its FTX coverage.","topic_url":"/authors/jasper-ward/","role":"Breaking news correspondent "}]},{"id":"3WWXLE6VPJMGLNGLQGHPED4AYE","canonical_url":"/business/energy/sweeping-oil-reform-venezuela-approved-operators-expected-gain-autonomy-2026-01-29/","website":"reuters","web":"Sweeping oil reform in Venezuela approved, operators expected to gain autonomy","native":"Sweeping oil reform in Venezuela approved, operators expected to gain autonomy","published":true,"updated_time":"2026-01-29T23:38:40.197Z","published_time":"2026-01-29T23:36:57.258Z","article_type":"Standard","display_my_news":true,"display_newsletter_signup":true,"display_notifications":true,"display_related_media":true,"display_related_organizations":true,"content_code":"metered","source":{"name":"Reuters","original_name":"Reuters"},"company_rics":"COP.N,PDVSA.UL,XOM.N","title":"Sweeping oil reform in Venezuela approved, operators expected to gain autonomy","basic_headline":"Sweeping oil reform in Venezuela approved, operators expected to gain autonomy","distributor":"Reuters","description":"Lawmakers approved in a final vote on Thursday a sweeping reform of Venezuela's main oil law after sweetening a proposal by interim President Delcy Rodriguez to lower taxes, expand the oil ministry's decision power, grant autonomy for private producers and make possible asset transfers and outsourcings.","primary_media_type":"gallery","primary_tag":{"short_bio":"Exploration & Production","description":"Exploration & Production","slug":"repi-exploration-production","text":"REPI:EXPLORATION-PRODUCTION","is_topic":true,"can_follow":true,"topic_url":"/business/energy/exploration-production/"},"word_count":830,"read_minutes":5,"kicker":{"name":"Energy","path":"/business/energy/","names":["Business","Energy"]},"ad_topics":["com","engy","engy","legal","pol","tax"],"thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/UQ3HLJSLYNJ53O2VAQ6OPFC6SQ.jpg","caption":"Installations at the El Palito refinery of Venezuelan state oil company PDVSA, after the National Assembly approved a major reform of the country's main oil law, in Puerto Cabello, Venezuela, January 22, 2026. REUTERS/Gaby Oraa","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/UQ3HLJSLYNJ53O2VAQ6OPFC6SQ.jpg?auth=fc07759e4b18ff121d16856ea1305ca50169d046ef166901e28f3645864b86f2","location":"PUERTO CABELLO, VENEZUELA","id":"UQ3HLJSLYNJ53O2VAQ6OPFC6SQ","authors":"Gaby Oraa","alt_text":"Installations of El Palito refinery of Venezuelan state oil company PDVSA, in Puerto Cabello","width":4227,"height":2812,"subtitle":"Installations of El Palito refinery of Venezuelan state oil company PDVSA, in Puerto Cabello","slug":"VENEZUELA-OIL-LAW","updated_at":"2026-01-29T23:38:35Z","company":"Reuters","purchase_licensing_path":"https://www.reutersconnect.com/item/installations-of-el-palito-refinery-of-venezuelan-state-oil-company-pdvsa-in-puerto-cabello/dGFnOnJldXRlcnMuY29tLDIwMjY6bmV3c21sX1JDMkY2SkEzOTZMQQ%3D%3D/?utm_medium=rcom-article-media&utm_campaign=rcom-rcp-lead"},"display_time":"2026-01-29T23:36:57.258Z","authors":[{"id":"marianna.parraga@thomsonreuters.com","name":"Marianna Parraga","first_name":"Marianna","last_name":"Parraga","company":"Reuters","thumbnail":{"url":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/arc-authors/reuters/30e89cdb-f8b7-42a0-876b-459747be0bf2.png","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fs3.amazonaws.com%2Farc-authors%2Freuters%2F30e89cdb-f8b7-42a0-876b-459747be0bf2.png?auth=ae3edfc2050cce7acb606f71bc188a8e85e817a12f59260a210fe5bd6fb0d60a"},"social_links":[{"site":"email","url":"mailto:marianna.parraga@thomsonreuters.com"},{"site":"twitter","url":"https://x.com/@mariannaparraga"},{"site":"linkedin","url":"https://www.linkedin.com/in/marianna-p%C3%A1rraga-7833b08b/"}],"byline":"Marianna Parraga","description":"Focused on energy-related sanctions, corruption and money laundering with 20 years of experience covering Latin America's oil and gas industries. Born in Venezuela and based in Houston, she is author of the book \"Oro Rojo\" about Venezuela's troubled state-run company PDVSA and Mom to three boys.","topic_url":"/authors/marianna-parraga/","role":"Latin America Energy Correspondent"}]},{"id":"3GSDD47R7RI5DJ6BVOATBF7QNQ","canonical_url":"/business/energy/oil-prices-rise-third-day-increasing-concerns-iran-attack-2026-01-29/","website":"reuters","web":"Oil prices surge 3% to five-month high on worries US could attack Iran","native":"Oil prices surge 3% to five-month high on worries US could attack Iran","published":true,"updated_time":"2026-01-29T20:32:56.439Z","published_time":"2026-01-29T02:27:46.58Z","article_type":"Standard","display_my_news":true,"display_newsletter_signup":true,"display_notifications":true,"display_related_media":true,"display_related_organizations":true,"content_code":"metered","source":{"name":"Reuters","original_name":"Reuters"},"company_rics":"CG.O,CVX.N,LKOH.MM,VLO.N,XOM.N","title":"Oil prices surge 3% to five-month high on worries US could attack Iran","basic_headline":"Oil prices surge 3% to five-month high on worries US could attack Iran","distributor":"Reuters","description":"Oil prices climbed 3% to a five-month high on Thursday on rising concerns that global supplies could be disrupted if the U.S. attacks Iran, one of OPEC's biggest crude producers.","primary_media_type":"image","primary_tag":{"short_bio":"Storage","description":"Storage","slug":"repi-storage","text":"REPI:STORAGE","is_topic":true,"can_follow":true,"topic_url":"/business/energy/storage/"},"word_count":1062,"read_minutes":6,"kicker":{"name":"Energy","path":"/business/energy/","names":["Business","Energy"]},"ad_topics":["com","DeathInjrConft","derv","econ","engy","engy","ivbk","pol"],"thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/NQCTFX7TSBN5VNJKWTOJ2WP5M4.jpg","caption":"A pump jack operates near a gas turbine power plant in the Permian Basin oil field outside of Odessa, Texas, U.S. February 18, 2025. REUTERS/Eli Hartman","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/NQCTFX7TSBN5VNJKWTOJ2WP5M4.jpg?auth=d6d8a7009dfdfb83484086242e95b936d4eb8307f0b8546599a209dc0aec174f","location":"ODESSA, TX, UNITED STATES","id":"NQCTFX7TSBN5VNJKWTOJ2WP5M4","authors":"Eli Hartman","alt_text":"Permian Basin oil field near Odessa","width":5500,"height":3667,"subtitle":"Permian Basin oil field near Odessa","slug":"USA-OIL-FRACKING","updated_at":"2026-01-29T02:27:45Z","company":"Reuters","purchase_licensing_path":"https://www.reutersconnect.com/item/permian-basin-oil-field-near-odessa/dGFnOnJldXRlcnMuY29tLDIwMjU6bmV3c21sX1JDMjJYQ0FQN0VQTg%3D%3D/?utm_medium=rcom-article-media&utm_campaign=rcom-rcp-lead"},"display_time":"2026-01-29T12:21:43Z","authors":[{"id":"scott.disavino@thomsonreuters.com","name":"Scott Disavino","first_name":"Scott","last_name":"Disavino","company":"Reuters","thumbnail":{"url":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/arc-authors/reuters/9083c1af-cc65-45b8-b03f-a67d3779d66d.png","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fs3.amazonaws.com%2Farc-authors%2Freuters%2F9083c1af-cc65-45b8-b03f-a67d3779d66d.png?auth=4fadb8c40731b5b5e7c2c178955f343da2d8985e54d2b1ed51cb50d2c8762889"},"social_links":[{"site":"email","url":"mailto:scott.disavino@thomsonreuters.com"},{"site":"twitter","url":"https://x.com/scottdisavino"},{"site":"linkedin","url":"https://www.linkedin.com/in/linkedin.com/in/scott-disavino-73914134"}],"byline":"Scott Disavino","description":"Covers the North American power and natural gas markets.","topic_url":"/authors/scott-disavino/","role":"Reporter"}]},{"id":"XIVHLJAYXFLOBIWZ36Z5AUFSUM","canonical_url":"/business/energy/us-faces-growing-risks-power-outages-due-rising-winter-demand-changing-fuel-mix-2026-01-29/","website":"reuters","web":"US faces growing risks of power outages due to rising winter demand, changing fuel mix","native":"US faces growing risks of power outages due to rising winter demand, changing fuel mix","published":true,"updated_time":"2026-01-29T19:37:54.114Z","published_time":"2026-01-29T19:37:02.707Z","article_type":"Standard","display_my_news":true,"display_newsletter_signup":true,"display_notifications":true,"display_related_media":true,"display_related_organizations":true,"content_code":"metered","source":{"name":"Reuters","original_name":"Reuters"},"title":"US faces growing risks of power outages due to rising winter demand, changing fuel mix","basic_headline":"US faces growing risks of power outages due to rising winter demand, changing fuel mix","distributor":"Reuters","description":"The risk of U.S. power outages is worsening due to a changing mix of electricity supplies and rapidly growing demand in the winter months, the North American Electric Reliability Corporation said on Thursday.","primary_media_type":"image","primary_tag":{"short_bio":"Regulatory Oversight","description":"Regulatory Oversight","slug":"rsbi-regulatory-oversight","text":"RSBI:REGULATORY-OVERSIGHT","is_topic":true,"can_follow":true,"topic_url":"/sustainability/regulatory-oversight/"},"word_count":394,"read_minutes":2,"kicker":{"name":"Energy","path":"/business/energy/","names":["Business","Energy"]},"ad_topics":["com","engy","engy"],"thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/SOZCCJ5BPZMAJKSVVONONPJPOE.jpg","caption":"A person uses a flashlight inside an apartment during a blackout that affected about 130,000 residents, according to the Pacific Gas and Electric Company, in San Francisco, California, U.S., December 21, 2025. REUTERS/Carlos Barria ","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/SOZCCJ5BPZMAJKSVVONONPJPOE.jpg?auth=8b6a4fb4a9850aafff96791f4d1d98d3b22dce1f0826b72532090b5bb717901b","location":"San Francisco, CA, UNITED STATES","id":"SOZCCJ5BPZMAJKSVVONONPJPOE","authors":"Carlos Barria","alt_text":"Major power outage hits San Francisco","width":6891,"height":4594,"subtitle":"Major power outage hits San Francisco","slug":"USA-SANFRANCISCO-OUTAGE","updated_at":"2026-01-29T19:37:10Z","company":"Reuters","purchase_licensing_path":"https://www.reutersconnect.com/item/major-power-outage-hits-san-francisco/dGFnOnJldXRlcnMuY29tLDIwMjU6bmV3c21sX1JDMlVLSUFJOFZNSg%3D%3D/?utm_medium=rcom-article-media&utm_campaign=rcom-rcp-lead"},"display_time":"2026-01-29T19:37:02.707Z","authors":[{"name":"Laila Kearney","thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/MBIVAJUOONDEBH26VPUYAC3JOE.jpg","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fcloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com%2Freuters%2FMBIVAJUOONDEBH26VPUYAC3JOE.jpg?auth=34a97b66b3d4973fd39ea7ee6654c323084cfeade6427c0b176937b92f387c46"},"byline":"Laila Kearney","topic_url":"/authors/laila-kearney/"},{"id":"tim.mclaughlin@thomsonreuters.com","name":"Tim McLaughlin","first_name":"Tim","last_name":"McLaughlin","company":"Reuters","thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/H24NV3AFCZCWPC463OG3JRYY7U.jpg","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fcloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com%2Freuters%2FH24NV3AFCZCWPC463OG3JRYY7U.jpg?auth=4dd3566d980534ddab2fb815cfdf9f08e04ca3d4f4dd0c88f6e42931b1e77167"},"social_links":[{"site":"email","url":"mailto:tim.mclaughlin@thomsonreuters.com"}],"byline":"Tim McLaughlin","topic_url":"/authors/tim-mclaughlin/"}]},{"id":"3MSBLBJQVJP65PLOKR5ZWJQBQA","canonical_url":"/business/energy/russias-lukoil-agrees-sell-international-assets-carlyle-2026-01-29/","website":"reuters","web":"US Carlyle Group agrees to buy Lukoil's global assets after sanctions pressure","native":"US Carlyle Group agrees to buy Lukoil's global assets after sanctions pressure","published":true,"updated_time":"2026-01-29T14:12:04.898Z","published_time":"2026-01-29T06:43:58.203Z","article_type":"Standard","display_my_news":true,"display_newsletter_signup":true,"display_notifications":true,"display_related_media":true,"display_related_organizations":true,"content_code":"metered","source":{"name":"Reuters","original_name":"Reuters"},"company_rics":"LKOH.MM,CG.O,ROSN.MM,CVX.N,XOM.N","title":"US Carlyle Group agrees to buy Lukoil's global assets after sanctions pressure","basic_headline":"US Carlyle Group agrees to buy Lukoil's global assets after sanctions pressure","distributor":"Reuters","description":"U.S. private equity firm Carlyle Group has agreed to an initial deal to buy most of Lukoil's foreign assets, which Russia's second-largest oil company is being forced to sell because of U.S. sanctions.","primary_media_type":"video","primary_tag":{"short_bio":"Exploration & Production","description":"Exploration & Production","slug":"repi-exploration-production","text":"REPI:EXPLORATION-PRODUCTION","is_topic":true,"can_follow":true,"topic_url":"/business/energy/exploration-production/"},"word_count":1088,"read_minutes":6,"kicker":{"name":"Energy","path":"/business/energy/","names":["Business","Energy"]},"ad_topics":["DeathInjrConft","engy","ivbk","pol","trade","DeathInjrConft"],"thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/5EZTTS5V6ZKQ5KFCTDS3CSLYBU.jpg","caption":"Pedestrians walk along a street past the headquarters of Lukoil in Moscow, Russia, January 29, 2026. REUTERS/Ramil Sitdikov","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/5EZTTS5V6ZKQ5KFCTDS3CSLYBU.jpg?auth=6f729c83feef9368f87582e723eb04abc139f4e27f7c6a11f07c9bc9f851519b","location":"MOSCOW, RUSSIA","id":"5EZTTS5V6ZKQ5KFCTDS3CSLYBU","authors":"Ramil Sitdikov","alt_text":"Views of Lukoil oil company's headquarters in Moscow","width":7497,"height":4956,"subtitle":"Views of Lukoil oil company's headquarters in Moscow","slug":"LUKOIL-CARLYLE-ASSETS-SALE","updated_at":"2026-01-29T14:07:44Z","company":"Reuters","purchase_licensing_path":"https://www.reutersconnect.com/item/views-of-lukoil-oil-companys-headquarters-in-moscow/dGFnOnJldXRlcnMuY29tLDIwMjY6bmV3c21sX1JDMllBSkFYN05POA%3D%3D/?utm_medium=rcom-article-media&utm_campaign=rcom-rcp-lead"},"display_time":"2026-01-29T12:53:05Z","authors":[{"id":"vladimir.soldatkin@thomsonreuters.com","name":"Vladimir Soldatkin","first_name":"Vladimir","last_name":"Soldatkin","company":"Reuters","thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/H24NV3AFCZCWPC463OG3JRYY7U.jpg","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fcloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com%2Freuters%2FH24NV3AFCZCWPC463OG3JRYY7U.jpg?auth=4dd3566d980534ddab2fb815cfdf9f08e04ca3d4f4dd0c88f6e42931b1e77167"},"social_links":[{"site":"email","url":"mailto:vladimir.soldatkin@thomsonreuters.com"}],"byline":"Vladimir Soldatkin","topic_url":"/authors/vladimir-soldatkin/"},{"id":"olesya.astakhova@thomsonreuters.com","name":"Olesya Astakhova","first_name":"Olesya","last_name":"Astakhova","company":"Reuters","thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/H24NV3AFCZCWPC463OG3JRYY7U.jpg","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fcloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com%2Freuters%2FH24NV3AFCZCWPC463OG3JRYY7U.jpg?auth=4dd3566d980534ddab2fb815cfdf9f08e04ca3d4f4dd0c88f6e42931b1e77167"},"social_links":[{"site":"email","url":"mailto:olesya.astakhova@thomsonreuters.com"}],"byline":"Olesya Astakhova","topic_url":"/authors/olesya-astakhova/"}]}],"section":{"id":"/business/energy/","ad_unit_code":"/energy","website":"reuters","name":"Energy","page_title":"Energy","parent":{"id":"/business/","ad_unit_code":"/business","website":"reuters","name":"Business","page_title":"Business","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"businesslogo"}},"can_follow":true,"language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"energylogo"},"video_playlistId":"sectors-upclose","mobile_ad_unit_path":"/4735792/app.reuters/business/energy/home","ad_unit_path":"/4735792/reuters.com/business/energy/home","collection_alias":"business-energy","section_about":"Find latest energy news from every corner of the globe at Reuters.com, your online source for breaking international news coverage.","title":"Energy News | Top Energy Headlines | Reuters","personalization":{"id":"/business/energy/","type":"SECTION","show_tags":true,"can_follow":true,"is_topic":true}},"ad_unit_path":"/4735792/reuters.com/business/energy/home","response_time":1769742212974},"_id":"ac05243703f7d6e326ccaf1e41c60e56b1e5e6113f64f8e6a58e6a72ed1011a7"},"expires":1769742512976,"lastModified":1769742212692},"{\"fetch_type\":\"section\",\"orderby\":\"last_updated_date:desc\",\"section_id\":\"/business/\",\"size\":6,\"website\":\"reuters\"}":{"data":{"statusCode":200,"message":"Success","result":{"parent_section_name":"Business","pagination":{"size":6,"expected_size":6,"total_size":10000,"orderby":"display_date:desc"},"date_modified":"2026-01-30T02:29:35.221Z","fetch_type":"section","articles":[{"id":"P2U47LNWDBI2LAIQRWGVKFZTVY","canonical_url":"/world/uk/london-metal-exchange-resumes-trade-after-one-hour-delay-2026-01-30/","website":"reuters","web":"London Metal Exchange resumes trade after one-hour delay","native":"London Metal Exchange resumes trade after one-hour delay","published":true,"updated_time":"2026-01-30T02:39:08.687Z","published_time":"2026-01-30T02:29:35.221Z","article_type":"Standard","display_my_news":true,"display_newsletter_signup":true,"display_notifications":true,"display_related_media":true,"display_related_organizations":true,"content_code":"metered","source":{"name":"Reuters","original_name":"Reuters"},"company_rics":"0388.HK","title":"London Metal Exchange resumes trade after one-hour delay","basic_headline":"London Metal Exchange resumes trade after one-hour delay","distributor":"Reuters","description":"The London Metal Exchange has resumed trading on Friday after a one-hour delay due to technical issues.","primary_media_type":"image","primary_tag":{"short_bio":"N2:BISV","description":"N2:BISV","slug":"n2-bisv","text":"BISV","topic_url":"/tags/n2-bisv/"},"word_count":86,"read_minutes":1,"kicker":{"path":"/world/","names":["World","United Kingdom"]},"ad_topics":["com","ivbk"],"thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/TUF6XVH24JONRJ7IF33I4F766U.jpg","caption":"Traders work on the floor of the London Metal Exchange, in London, Britain September 27, 2018. REUTERS/Simon Dawson/File Photo","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/TUF6XVH24JONRJ7IF33I4F766U.jpg?auth=1df2c00596aedb9c65b2a201f95bed1fddf7be37ee42b2677f43c8cedd440edb","location":"LONDON, United Kingdom","id":"TUF6XVH24JONRJ7IF33I4F766U","authors":"Simon Dawson","alt_text":"Traders work on the floor of the London Metal Exchange","width":5336,"height":3557,"subtitle":"Traders work on the floor of the London Metal Exchange","slug":"GLOBAL-MARKETS","updated_at":"2026-01-30T02:29:41Z","company":"Reuters","purchase_licensing_path":"https://www.reutersconnect.com/item/traders-work-on-the-floor-of-the-london-metal-exchange/dGFnOnJldXRlcnMuY29tLDIwMjY6bmV3c21sX1JDMlE1SkE0RlZYUA%3D%3D/?utm_medium=rcom-article-media&utm_campaign=rcom-rcp-lead"},"authors":[{"name":"Reuters","company":"Reuters","thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/H24NV3AFCZCWPC463OG3JRYY7U.jpg","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fcloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com%2Freuters%2FH24NV3AFCZCWPC463OG3JRYY7U.jpg?auth=4dd3566d980534ddab2fb815cfdf9f08e04ca3d4f4dd0c88f6e42931b1e77167"},"byline":"Reuters"}],"display_time":"2026-01-30T02:29:35.221Z"},{"id":"PSPVI53FYFIDPG7NMCD67YFBEI","canonical_url":"/world/india/indian-equity-benchmarks-set-muted-start-weak-rupee-rising-oil-prices-weigh-2026-01-30/","website":"reuters","web":"Indian equity benchmarks set for muted start; weak rupee, rising oil prices weigh","native":"Indian equity benchmarks set for muted start; weak rupee, rising oil prices weigh","headline_feature":"INDIA STOCKS","published":true,"updated_time":"2026-01-30T02:26:48.003Z","published_time":"2026-01-30T02:26:10.621Z","article_type":"Standard","display_my_news":true,"display_newsletter_signup":true,"display_notifications":true,"display_related_media":true,"display_related_organizations":true,"content_code":"metered","source":{"name":"Reuters","original_name":"Reuters"},"company_rics":"ITC.NS,PAYT.NS,SWIG.NS,TATM.NS","title":"Indian equity benchmarks set for muted start; weak rupee, rising oil prices weigh","basic_headline":"Indian equity benchmarks set for muted start; weak rupee, rising oil prices weigh","distributor":"Reuters","description":"India's equity benchmarks are likely to open little changed on Friday as optimism over upbeat commentary on the economy in the government's economic survey is offset by a weak rupee, persistent foreign fund outflows and higher oil prices.","primary_media_type":"image","primary_tag":{"short_bio":"N2:MKTREP","description":"N2:MKTREP","slug":"n2-mktrep","text":"MKTREP","topic_url":"/tags/n2-mktrep/"},"word_count":376,"read_minutes":2,"kicker":{"path":"/world/","names":["World","India"]},"ad_topics":["econ","stock"],"thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/WSSUKRRI6ZI3RJRA33PQPGXO6Y.jpg","caption":"People walk outside the National Stock Exchange (NSE) in Mumbai, India, October 22, 2024. REUTERS/Francis Mascarenhas","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/WSSUKRRI6ZI3RJRA33PQPGXO6Y.jpg?auth=99871db0735b660c37c50a78e2eec427c2a7cd3980be334547ef9e15f24b7612","location":"MUMBAI, INDIA","id":"WSSUKRRI6ZI3RJRA33PQPGXO6Y","authors":"Francis Mascarenhas","alt_text":"People walk outside the National Stock Exchange (NSE) in Mumbai","width":5500,"height":3667,"subtitle":"People walk outside the National Stock Exchange (NSE) in Mumbai","slug":"INDIA-NSE","updated_at":"2026-01-30T02:26:20Z","company":"Reuters","purchase_licensing_path":"https://www.reutersconnect.com/item/people-walk-outside-the-national-stock-exchange-nse-in-mumbai/dGFnOnJldXRlcnMuY29tLDIwMjQ6bmV3c21sX1JDMkVQQUEyS1NPMg%3D%3D/?utm_medium=rcom-article-media&utm_campaign=rcom-rcp-lead"},"authors":[{"name":"Reuters","company":"Reuters","thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/H24NV3AFCZCWPC463OG3JRYY7U.jpg","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fcloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com%2Freuters%2FH24NV3AFCZCWPC463OG3JRYY7U.jpg?auth=4dd3566d980534ddab2fb815cfdf9f08e04ca3d4f4dd0c88f6e42931b1e77167"},"byline":"Reuters"}],"display_time":"2026-01-30T02:26:10.621Z"},{"id":"NANCZGKRT5I3FGNWTKDV7FRBP4","canonical_url":"/world/india/gold-slips-firmer-dollar-set-best-month-since-1980-2026-01-30/","website":"reuters","web":"Gold slips on firmer dollar, but set for best month since 1980","native":"Gold slips on firmer dollar, but set for best month since 1980","headline_feature":"PRECIOUS","published":true,"updated_time":"2026-01-30T02:22:26.014Z","published_time":"2026-01-30T02:04:53.61Z","article_type":"Standard","display_my_news":true,"display_newsletter_signup":true,"display_notifications":true,"display_related_media":true,"display_related_organizations":true,"content_code":"metered","source":{"name":"Reuters","original_name":"Reuters"},"title":"Gold slips on firmer dollar, but set for best month since 1980","basic_headline":"Gold slips on firmer dollar, but set for best month since 1980","distributor":"Reuters","description":"Gold prices fell on Friday, pressured by a firmer dollar, but were set for their biggest monthly gain since 1980 as investors piled into the safe-haven metal amid persistent geopolitical and economic uncertainties.","primary_media_type":"video","primary_tag":{"short_bio":"TOPIC:MARKETS-COMMODITIES-METALS","description":"TOPIC:MARKETS-COMMODITIES-METALS","slug":"topic-markets-commodities-metals","text":"TOPIC:MARKETS-COMMODITIES-METALS","topic_url":"/tags/topic-markets-commodities-metals/"},"word_count":333,"read_minutes":2,"kicker":{"path":"/world/","names":["World","India"]},"ad_topics":["com","derv","econ","gld"],"thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/CSJORE3O5ZNZZGCETPE4QK2AZ4.jpg","caption":"Gold jewelry is displayed in a shop window in Manhattan’s diamond district as global gold prices hovered near all-time highs in New York City, January 7, 2026. REUTERS/Mike Segar","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/CSJORE3O5ZNZZGCETPE4QK2AZ4.jpg?auth=1e323648d170290c9ce201c1d17d69388adbdc154cbf61f568c7e30788574c65","location":"NEW YORK, NY, UNITED STATES","id":"CSJORE3O5ZNZZGCETPE4QK2AZ4","authors":"Mike Segar","alt_text":"Gold jewelry is displayed in a shop window as global gold prices hovered near all-time highs in New York","width":2584,"height":1711,"subtitle":"Gold jewelry is displayed in a shop window as global gold prices hovered near all-time highs in New York","slug":"GLOBAL-PRECIOUS","updated_at":"2026-01-30T02:04:57Z","company":"Reuters","purchase_licensing_path":"https://www.reutersconnect.com/item/gold-jewelry-is-displayed-in-a-shop-window-as-global-gold-prices-hovered-near-all-time-highs-in-new-york/dGFnOnJldXRlcnMuY29tLDIwMjY6bmV3c21sX1JDMkhXSUEzN09VTw%3D%3D/?utm_medium=rcom-article-media&utm_campaign=rcom-rcp-lead"},"authors":[{"name":"Reuters","company":"Reuters","thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/H24NV3AFCZCWPC463OG3JRYY7U.jpg","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fcloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com%2Freuters%2FH24NV3AFCZCWPC463OG3JRYY7U.jpg?auth=4dd3566d980534ddab2fb815cfdf9f08e04ca3d4f4dd0c88f6e42931b1e77167"},"byline":"Reuters"}],"display_time":"2026-01-30T02:04:53.61Z"},{"id":"6TY3JJEIHZPINCVM6HBD5XRBTY","canonical_url":"/world/us/former-fed-governor-warsh-met-with-trump-thursday-2026-01-30/","website":"reuters","web":"Former Fed Governor Warsh met with Trump on Thursday ","native":"Former Fed Governor Warsh met with Trump on Thursday ","published":true,"updated_time":"2026-01-30T02:35:04.724Z","published_time":"2026-01-30T02:01:31.597Z","article_type":"Standard","display_my_news":true,"display_newsletter_signup":true,"display_notifications":true,"display_related_media":true,"display_related_organizations":true,"content_code":"metered","source":{"name":"Reuters","original_name":"Reuters"},"title":"Former Fed Governor Warsh met with Trump on Thursday ","basic_headline":"Former Fed Governor Warsh met with Trump on Thursday ","distributor":"Reuters","description":"Former Federal Reserve Governor Kevin Warsh came to the White House for a meeting with U.S. President Donald Trump on Thursday, according one source familiar with the matter.","primary_media_type":"image","primary_tag":{"short_bio":"Donald Trump","description":"Donald Trump","slug":"rules-trump","text":"RULES:TRUMP","can_follow":true,"topic_url":"/world/trump/"},"word_count":77,"read_minutes":1,"kicker":{"name":"World","path":"/world/","names":["World","United States"]},"ad_topics":["econ","fixinc","pol"],"thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/Y3A3YORDCFOP7PZRREBJNTN5BU.jpg","caption":"Former U.S. Federal Reserve Governor Kevin Warsh speaks during a monetary policy conference at Stanford University’s Hoover Institution in Palo Alto, California, U.S. May 9, 2025. REUTERS/Ann Saphir","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/Y3A3YORDCFOP7PZRREBJNTN5BU.jpg?auth=079d675f57424ad7f2ffa023cc031db796e2cea944619453c790a64954f043dd","location":"Palo Alto, CA, UNITED STATES","id":"Y3A3YORDCFOP7PZRREBJNTN5BU","authors":"Ann Saphir","alt_text":"Former U.S. Federal Reserve Governor Kevin Warsh attends a monetary policy conference at Stanford University's Hoover Institution in Palo Alto, California","width":2283,"height":1530,"subtitle":"Former U.S. Federal Reserve Governor Kevin Warsh attends a monetary policy conference at Stanford University's Hoover Institution in Palo Alto, California","slug":"USA-FED","updated_at":"2026-01-30T02:34:54Z","company":"Reuters","purchase_licensing_path":"https://www.reutersconnect.com/item/former-us-federal-reserve-governor-kevin-warsh-attends-a-monetary-policy-conference-at-stanford-universitys-hoover-institution-in-palo-alto-california/dGFnOnJldXRlcnMuY29tLDIwMjU6bmV3c21sX1JDMkdFRUEwSjFITA%3D%3D/?utm_medium=rcom-article-media&utm_campaign=rcom-rcp-lead"},"authors":[{"name":"Reuters","company":"Reuters","thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/H24NV3AFCZCWPC463OG3JRYY7U.jpg","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fcloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com%2Freuters%2FH24NV3AFCZCWPC463OG3JRYY7U.jpg?auth=4dd3566d980534ddab2fb815cfdf9f08e04ca3d4f4dd0c88f6e42931b1e77167"},"byline":"Reuters"}],"display_time":"2026-01-30T02:01:31.597Z"},{"id":"345TN7QQMFP25JMH3JDPS6LMGU","canonical_url":"/business/sandisk-forecasts-profit-surge-secures-supply-deal-ai-fuels-storage-demand-2026-01-30/","website":"reuters","web":"Sandisk forecasts profit surge, secures supply deal as AI fuels storage demand","native":"Sandisk forecasts profit surge, secures supply deal as AI fuels storage demand","published":true,"updated_time":"2026-01-30T01:49:18.906Z","published_time":"2026-01-30T01:48:39.194Z","article_type":"Standard","display_my_news":true,"display_newsletter_signup":true,"display_notifications":true,"display_related_media":true,"display_related_organizations":true,"content_code":"metered","source":{"name":"Reuters","original_name":"Reuters"},"company_rics":"285A.T,SNDK.O","title":"Sandisk forecasts profit surge, secures supply deal as AI fuels storage demand","basic_headline":"Sandisk forecasts profit surge, secures supply deal as AI fuels storage demand","distributor":"Reuters","description":"Sandisk on Thursday predicted profits and sales well above Wall Street estimates and extended a major supply agreement, riding a surge in artificial-intelligence-driven demand for data storage.","primary_tag":{"short_bio":"Energy Storage","description":"Energy Storage","slug":"repi-energy-storage","text":"REPI:ENERGY-STORAGE","is_topic":true,"can_follow":true,"topic_url":"/business/energy/energy-storage/"},"word_count":298,"read_minutes":2,"kicker":{"name":"Business","path":"/business/","names":["Business"]},"ad_topics":["ivbk","sci","ai","tech"],"authors":[{"id":"stephen.nellis@thomsonreuters.com","name":"Stephen Nellis","first_name":"Stephen","last_name":"Nellis","company":"Reuters","thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/H24NV3AFCZCWPC463OG3JRYY7U.jpg","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fcloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com%2Freuters%2FH24NV3AFCZCWPC463OG3JRYY7U.jpg?auth=4dd3566d980534ddab2fb815cfdf9f08e04ca3d4f4dd0c88f6e42931b1e77167"},"social_links":[{"site":"email","url":"mailto:Stephen.Nellis@thomsonreuters.com"}],"byline":"Stephen Nellis","topic_url":"/authors/stephen-nellis/"}],"display_time":"2026-01-30T01:48:39.194Z","thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/466BJJQ7PVGY5O53NZ3KL65MHM.png","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/466BJJQ7PVGY5O53NZ3KL65MHM.png?auth=b9c3bf166c40a6778eb5672993fde7c30a15f48329026674eff92afd8da1d0ca","id":"466BJJQ7PVGY5O53NZ3KL65MHM","alt_text":"Reuters logo","width":1024,"height":740,"subtitle":"TOPIC:DEFAULT_TOPIC_THUMBNAIL","updated_at":"2024-06-12T16:56:46Z"},"thumbnail_dark":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/UPWWXXGZ3ZDL5M4W66EWOZVRKM.png","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/UPWWXXGZ3ZDL5M4W66EWOZVRKM.png?auth=ba7701b661297d5d41b0a5a31a96de94084a623f7ecd4feed0180a877b985a8e","id":"UPWWXXGZ3ZDL5M4W66EWOZVRKM","alt_text":"Reuters logo","width":1024,"height":683,"subtitle":"TOPIC:DEFAULT_TOPIC_THUMBNAIL_DARK","updated_at":"2024-07-09T10:18:58Z"}},{"id":"S3ATZEGN3NJN5AQM75EU4EEAI4","subtype":"slugdefault","canonical_url":"/world/china/global-markets-global-markets-2026-01-30/","website":"reuters","web":"Asia stocks choppy, on track for best month in three years","native":"Asia stocks choppy, on track for best month in three years","headline_feature":"GLOBAL MARKETS","published":true,"updated_time":"2026-01-30T01:50:41.364Z","published_time":"2026-01-30T01:46:58.307Z","article_type":"Standard","display_my_news":true,"display_newsletter_signup":true,"display_notifications":true,"display_related_media":true,"display_related_organizations":true,"content_code":"metered","source":{"name":"Reuters","original_name":"Reuters"},"company_rics":"AAPL.O,MSFT.O","title":"Asia stocks choppy, on track for best month in three years","basic_headline":"Asia stocks choppy, on track for best month in three years","distributor":"Reuters","description":"Stocks were volatile in early Asian trading on Friday after U.S. President Donald Trump endorsed a bipartisan deal to avert a fresh government shutdown and said he has decided who he will nominate to lead the Federal Reserve.","primary_media_type":"image","primary_tag":{"short_bio":"TOPIC:MARKETS-COMMODITIES-ENERGY","description":"TOPIC:MARKETS-COMMODITIES-ENERGY","slug":"topic-markets-commodities-energy","text":"TOPIC:MARKETS-COMMODITIES-ENERGY","topic_url":"/tags/topic-markets-commodities-energy/"},"word_count":629,"read_minutes":4,"kicker":{"path":"/world/","names":["World","China"]},"ad_topics":["com","engy","fixinc","forex","pol","stock","gld"],"thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/3R75SOUGARNOLAJQ3CNKNV5QCI.jpg","caption":"An investor stands in front of an electronic board showing stock information at a brokerage house, in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, February 25, 2016. REUTERS/China Daily ","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/3R75SOUGARNOLAJQ3CNKNV5QCI.jpg?auth=b7cc83bdbe51ae9f8c1f22c34bc0c1084881f0c889ce301f5a55c644dcfd5408","location":"Zhejiang, ZHEJIANG, China","id":"3R75SOUGARNOLAJQ3CNKNV5QCI","authors":"China Daily CDIC","alt_text":"An investor stands in front of an electronic board showing stock informationat a brokerage house, in Hangzhou","width":3567,"height":2367,"subtitle":"An investor stands in front of an electronic board showing stock informationat a brokerage house, in Hangzhou","slug":"CHINA-STOCKS-CLOSE","updated_at":"2026-01-30T01:50:30Z","company":"Reuters","purchase_licensing_path":"https://www.reutersconnect.com/item/an-investor-stands-in-front-of-an-electronic-board-showing-stock-informationat-a-brokerage-house-in-hangzhou/dGFnOnJldXRlcnMuY29tLDIwMTY6bmV3c21sX0QxQUVTUEFHVlpBQg%3D%3D/?utm_medium=rcom-article-media&utm_campaign=rcom-rcp-lead"},"authors":[{"id":"gregor.hunter@thomsonreuters.com","name":"Gregor Hunter","first_name":"Gregor","last_name":"Hunter","company":"Reuters","thumbnail":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/H24NV3AFCZCWPC463OG3JRYY7U.jpg","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/https%3A%2F%2Fcloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com%2Freuters%2FH24NV3AFCZCWPC463OG3JRYY7U.jpg?auth=4dd3566d980534ddab2fb815cfdf9f08e04ca3d4f4dd0c88f6e42931b1e77167"},"social_links":[{"site":"email","url":"mailto:Gregor.Hunter@thomsonreuters.com"}],"byline":"Gregor Hunter","topic_url":"/authors/gregor-hunter/"}],"display_time":"2026-01-30T01:46:58.307Z"}],"section":{"id":"/business/","ad_unit_code":"/business","website":"reuters","name":"Business","page_title":"Business","language":"en","type":"section","advertising":{"sponsored":"false","sponsor_logo_type":"businesslogo"},"video_playlistId":"6ffc0233e09c26943b265ef3abd575b2d872818b","mobile_ad_unit_path":"/4735792/app.reuters/business/home","ad_unit_path":"/4735792/reuters.com/business/home","collection_alias":"business-home","section_about":"Find latest business news from every corner of the globe at Reuters.com, your online source for breaking international news coverage.","title":"Business News | Today's International Headlines | Reuters","personalization":{"id":"/business/","type":"SECTION","show_tags":true}},"ad_unit_path":"/4735792/reuters.com/business/home","response_time":1769741990997},"_id":"041727c9f988a4c7504132def42703b8ad030e15755bceb053250c499de65c2e"},"expires":1769742290997,"lastModified":1769741990730}},"images-by-alias-v1":{"{\"alias\":\"lseg_image\"}":{"data":{"statusCode":200,"message":"Success","result":{"mobile":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/A5PB6UO6XVF4BH2TNV2NH3RZ3I.jpg","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/A5PB6UO6XVF4BH2TNV2NH3RZ3I.jpg?auth=0a7a5957a4a4a4e665b0a17501d85417b905dbc8077fe5b364f5c9927ffb13ac","id":"A5PB6UO6XVF4BH2TNV2NH3RZ3I","alt_text":"lseg_image_mobile","width":343,"height":100,"subtitle":"lseg_image_mobile","updated_at":"2023-08-10T17:04:42Z"},"tablet":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/DL3NOHAIMZHLPAJAAPFJKMXZPI.jpg","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/DL3NOHAIMZHLPAJAAPFJKMXZPI.jpg?auth=53211cc22be03a05c842117eaffed52fa1544d5fd63a2fa959b4c8a60e41b606","id":"DL3NOHAIMZHLPAJAAPFJKMXZPI","alt_text":"lseg_image_tablet","width":702,"height":70,"subtitle":"lseg_image_tablet","updated_at":"2023-08-10T17:04:42Z"},"desktop":{"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-2.images.arcpublishing.com/reuters/AE6BNNRLSVAQTFG5XHTC4AV6YI.jpg","type":"image","resizer_url":"https://www.reuters.com/resizer/v2/AE6BNNRLSVAQTFG5XHTC4AV6YI.jpg?auth=478607f9580e59952887585aa9bd6b5ccfb01803f53a5e2f61774ba20343b3cd","id":"AE6BNNRLSVAQTFG5XHTC4AV6YI","alt_text":"lseg_image_desktop","width":300,"height":145,"subtitle":"lseg_image_desktop","updated_at":"2023-08-10T17:04:42Z"},"response_time":1769742149315},"_id":"63ddb3024510e1e7d317a580acc19a6157c9cc35ee52d03a441661cf58cd3aa4"},"expires":1769742449316,"lastModified":1769742148964}},"graphql-proxy-v1":{"{\"headers\":\"{\\\"website\\\":\\\"reuters\\\"}\",\"query_name\":\"content_ingest_config_variables\",\"variables\":\"{\\\"contentIngestConfigVariablesInput\\\":{\\\"variable\\\":\\\"footer\\\"}}\"}":{"data":{"statusCode":200,"message":"Success","result":{"data":{"getContentIngestConfigVariables":{"contentIngestConfigVariables":[{"website":"reuters","variable":"footer","value":"{ \"latest_links\": [ { \"text\": \"Home\", \"url\": \"/\", \"self\": true }, { \"text\": \"Authors\", \"url\": \"/sitemap/authors/\", \"self\": true }, { \"text\": \"Topic Sitemap\", \"url\": \"/sitemap/topics/\", \"self\": true }, { \"text\": \"Archive\", \"url\": \"/archive/\", \"self\": true }, { \"text\": \"Article Sitemap\", \"url\": \"/sitemap/\", \"self\": true } ], \"browse_links\": [ { \"text\": \"World\", \"url\": \"/world/\", \"self\": true }, { \"text\": \"Business\", \"url\": \"/business/\", \"self\": true }, { \"text\": \"Markets\", \"url\": \"/markets/\", \"self\": true }, { \"text\": \"Sustainability\", \"url\": \"/sustainability/\", \"self\": true }, { \"text\": \"Legal\", \"url\": \"/legal/\", \"self\": true }, { \"text\": \"Breakingviews\", \"url\": \"/breakingviews/\", \"self\": true }, { \"text\": \"Technology\", \"url\": \"/technology/\", \"self\": true }, { \"text\": \"Investigations\", \"url\": \"/investigates/\", \"self\": true }, { \"text\": \"Sports\", \"url\": \"/sports/\", \"self\": true }, { \"text\": \"Science\", \"url\": \"/science/\", \"self\": true }, { \"text\": \"Lifestyle\", \"url\": \"/lifestyle/\", \"self\": true } ], \"media_links\": [ { \"text\": \"Videos\", \"url\": \"https://www.reuters.com/video/\", \"symbol\": \"videos\", \"self\": true }, { \"text\": \"Pictures\", \"url\": \"https://www.reuters.com/pictures/\", \"symbol\": \"pictures\", \"self\": true }, { \"text\": \"Graphics\", \"url\": \"https://www.reuters.com/graphics/\", \"symbol\": \"graphics\", \"self\": true }, { \"text\": \"Podcasts\", \"url\": \"https://www.reuters.com/podcasts/\", \"symbol\": \"podcast\", \"self\": true } ], \"about_links\": [ { \"text\": \"About Reuters\", \"url\": \"https://www.reutersprofessional.com/reuters-plus-studio/p/1\" }, { \"text\": \"Media Center\", \"url\": \"/media-center/\" }, { \"text\": \"Advertise with Us\", \"url\": \"https://www.reutersprofessional.com/advertise-with-us/p/1\" }, { \"text\": \"Careers\", \"url\": \"https://www.thomsonreuters.com/en/careers.html\" }, { \"text\": \"Reuters News Agency\", \"url\": \"https://www.reutersagency.com/en/?utm_source=website&utm_medium=reuters&utm_campaign=site-referral&utm_content=us&utm_term=0\" }, { \"text\": \"Brand Attribution Guidelines\", \"url\": \"https://www.reutersagency.com/en/brand-attribution-guidelines/\" }, { \"text\": \"Reuters and AI\", \"url\": \"/info-pages/reuters-and-ai/\" }, { \"text\": \"Reuters Leadership\", \"url\": \"https://www.reutersagency.com/en/about/leadership-team/\" }, { \"text\": \"Reuters Fact Check\", \"url\": \"/fact-check/\", \"self\": true, \"analyticsProps\": { \"category\": \"Global Footer\", \"label\": \"/fact-check/\", \"ui_element\": \"Reuters Fact Check\", \"ui_element_label\": \"Reuters Fact Check\", \"ui_element_location\": \"footer page\" } }, { \"text\": \"Reuters Diversity Report\", \"url\": \"https://www.reuters.com/graphics/DIVERSITY-REPORT/2024/xmpjbgdrapr/\" }, { \"text\": \"Commercial Disclosure (Japan)\", \"url\": \"https://www.reuters.com/info-pages/commercial-disclosure/\" } ], \"stay_informed_links\": [ { \"text\": \"Download the App (iOS)\", \"url\": \"https://apps.apple.com/app/reuters-news/id602660809\" }, { \"text\": \"Download the App (Android)\", \"url\": \"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.thomsonreuters.reuters\" }, { \"text\": \"Newsletters\", \"url\": \"https://reuters.com/newsletters/\", \"self\": true, \"analyticsProps\": { \"event_name\": \"registration.newsletter.signup.initiate\", \"subscribed_newsletter\": \" \", \"ui_element_location\": \"Footer\", \"label\": \"Newsletter sign up initiate\", \"ui_element\": \"newsletter_signup_initiate\" } }, { \"text\": \"Subscribe\", \"url\": \"\", \"self\": true, \"analyticsProps\": { \"event_name\": \"ui.interaction\", \"subscribed_newsletter\": \" \", \"ui_element_location\": \"Footer\", \"label\": \"/subscribe/offer/?journeyStart=Footer\", \"ui_element\": \"Subscription\" } } ], \"social_links\": [ { \"type\": \"twitter\", \"url\": \"https://x.com/reuters\" }, { \"type\": \"facebook\", \"url\": \"https://www.facebook.com/Reuters\" }, { \"type\": \"instagram\", \"url\": \"https://www.instagram.com/Reuters\" }, { \"type\": \"youtube\", \"url\": \"https://www.youtube.com/user/ReutersVideo\" }, { \"type\": \"linkedin\", \"url\": \"https://www.linkedin.com/company/10256858/\" }, { \"type\": \"whatsapp\", \"url\": \"https://www.whatsapp.com/channel/0029Va993qu5q08m6Tl6jP0U\" } ], \"company_description\": \"Reuters, the news and media division of Thomson Reuters, is the world’s largest multimedia news provider, reaching billions of people worldwide every day. Reuters provides business, financial, national and international news to professionals via desktop terminals, the world's media organizations, industry events and directly to consumers.\", \"refinitiv_products\": [ { \"name\": \"Workspace\", \"description\": \"Access unmatched financial data, news and content in a highly-customised workflow experience on desktop, web and mobile.\", \"url\": \"https://www.lseg.com/en/data-analytics/products/workspace?utm_source=reuters.com&utm_medium=footer&utm_campaign=Reuters_ProductPage_Links\" }, { \"name\": \"Data Catalogue\", \"description\": \"Browse an unrivalled portfolio of real-time and historical market data and insights from worldwide sources and experts.\", \"url\": \"https://www.lseg.com/en/data-analytics/financial-data/?utm_source=reuters.com&utm_medium=footer&utm_campaign=Reuters_DataCatalogPage_Links\" }, { \"name\": \"World-Check\", \"description\": \"Screen for heightened risk individual and entities globally to help uncover hidden risks in business relationships and human networks.\", \"url\": \"https://www.lseg.com/en/risk-intelligence/screening-solutions/world-check-kyc-screening?utm_source=reuters.com&utm_medium=footer&utm_campaign=Reuters_ProductPage_Links\" } ], \"ad_links\": [ { \"text\": \"Advertise With Us\", \"url\": \"https://www.reutersagency.com/en/services/advertising-solutions/\" }, { \"text\": \"Advertising Guidelines\", \"url\": \"/info-pages/advertising-guidelines/\", \"self\": true }, { \"text\": \"Purchase Licensing Rights\", \"url\": \"https://www.reutersagency.com/en/licensereuterscontent/?utm_medium=rcom-footer&utm_campaign=rcom-rcp-lead\", \"isLicenseContent\": true } ], \"misc_links\": [ { \"text\": \"Cookies\", \"url\": \"https://www.thomsonreuters.com/en/privacy-statement.html#cookies\" }, { \"text\": \"Terms & Conditions\", \"url\": \"/info-pages/terms-of-use/\", \"self\": true }, { \"text\": \"Privacy\", \"url\": \"https://www.thomsonreuters.com/en/privacy-statement.html\" }, { \"text\": \"Copyright\", \"url\": \"https://www.thomsonreuters.com/en/policies/copyright\" }, { \"text\": \"Digital Accessibility\", \"url\": \"https://www.thomsonreuters.com/en/policies/digital-accessibility-policy.html\" }, { \"text\": \"Corrections\", \"url\": \"/info-pages/contact-us/\", \"self\": true }, { \"text\": \"Data Disclosure and Sources\", \"url\": \"/info-pages/data-disclosure-and-sources/\" } , { \"text\": \"Site Feedback\", \"url\": \"https://trdigital.iad1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_8kte8gArGyCGVhz\" }, { \"text\": \"Commercial Disclosure (Japan)\", \"url\": \"https://www.reuters.com/info-pages/commercial-disclosure/\" } ], \"disclaimer_link\": \"https://www.reuters.com/info-pages/disclaimer/\", \"copyright_link\": \"https://www.thomsonreuters.com/en/policies/copyright.html\", \"copyright_year\": \"2025\" }","context":"page"}]}},"response_time":1769742255503},"_id":"d5d2e776ac4b9e5eeefa9e83071ba9a2883e60a8250032631629da29e1824dca"},"expires":1769742555503,"lastModified":1769742255382}}};Fusion.layout="regular-article";Fusion.metas={"title":{"value":"{{content.result.title}}","html":true},"ad:template":{"value":"article","html":true},"analytics:page_layout":{"value":"regular-article","html":true},"analytics:ad_layout":{"value":"leaderboard, right rail, sponsored","html":true},"sophi_type":{"value":"article","html":true},"category":{"value":"{{content.result.taxonomy.ads_primary_section.name}}","html":true}};Fusion.outputType="article";Fusion.template="template/tj4ucLze5nNC2zpfu";Fusion.tree={"collection":"layouts","type":"regular-article","props":{"collection":"layouts","type":"regular-article","id":"regular-article","childProps":[{"collection":"sections","id":0},{"collection":"sections","id":1},{"collection":"sections","id":2},{"collection":"sections","id":3},{"collection":"sections","id":4},{"collection":"sections","id":5},{"collection":"sections","id":6},{"collection":"sections","id":7},{"collection":"sections","id":8},{"collection":"sections","id":9}]},"children":[{"collection":"sections","props":{"collection":"sections","id":0},"children":[{"collection":"chains","type":"header-and-leaderboard","props":{"collection":"chains","type":"header-and-leaderboard","id":"c0f5crQValmJon","name":"Header and Leaderboard","customFields":{},"displayProperties":{}},"children":[{"collection":"features","type":"freestar/leaderboard","props":{"collection":"features","type":"freestar/leaderboard","id":"f0ftJiRbalmJv5","name":"Freestar Leaderboard","contentConfig":{"contentService":"","contentConfigValues":{},"inherit":true},"customFields":{"top":"NONE","bottom":"NONE","horizontal":"NONE","apply_max_width":false,"desktop_only_placement_name":null,"desktop_only_channel":"","desktop_only_template":"article","tablet_mobile_placement_name":"reuters_mobile_leaderboard","tablet_mobile_channel":"/4735792/reuters.com/business/energy/article","tablet_mobile_template":"article","desktop_only_type":"","tablet_mobile_type":"leaderboard","show_background":true,"mobile_only_placement_name":"reuters_mobile_leaderboard","mobile_only_channel":"/4735792/reuters.com/business/energy/article","mobile_only_type":"leaderboard","all_placement_name":"reuters_desktop_leaderboard_atf","all_channel":"/4735792/reuters.com/business/energy/article","all_type":"leaderboard"},"displayProperties":{},"localEdits":{},"variants":{}}},{"collection":"features","type":"markets/refinitivpromobar","props":{"collection":"features","type":"markets/refinitivpromobar","id":"f0fwEdGCalmJp7","name":"Markets: Refinitiv Promo Bar","contentConfig":{"contentService":"","contentConfigValues":{},"inherit":true},"customFields":{"mobilePromoText":"Learn more about","withDataPartnerDesktop":true,"withDataPartnerMobile":true,"promoText":"Exclusive news, data and analytics for financial market professionals","url":"/differentiator/","website":"reuters"},"displayProperties":{},"localEdits":{},"variants":{}}},{"collection":"features","type":"common/site-header","props":{"collection":"features","type":"common/site-header","id":"f0fQ8PPIalmJ4x","name":"Header - Don't Edit!","contentConfig":{"contentService":"","contentConfigValues":{},"inherit":true},"customFields":{"hierarchy_name":"Website","logo_url":"/","isSticky":true,"stickyPaddingTopDesktop":30,"search_page_url":"/site-search/","sign_in_url":"/account/sign-in/","sign_up_page_url":"/account/register/signup-options/","my_account_url":"/account/settings/profile/","company_page_base_url":"/markets/companies/","quote_page_base_url":"/markets/quote/","shouldUsePaywallCookie":null,"contact_us_page_url":null,"test_id":null},"displayProperties":{},"localEdits":{},"variants":{}}}]},{"collection":"features","type":"common/breaking-news","props":{"collection":"features","type":"common/breaking-news","id":"f0fDctkfblmJNS","name":"Breaking News","contentConfig":{"contentService":"","contentConfigValues":{},"inherit":true},"customFields":{"label":"","text":"Reuters Econ World: Protectionism","hyperlinkTitle":"Reuters NEXT Gulf: Join conversations with world leaders on the challenges and opportunities in the Middle East","linkUrl":"/world/reuters-next-gulf-live-politicians-business-leaders-discuss-challenges-2025-10-21/","timeFrom":1761138090367,"periodLength":8,"periodUnit":"h","top":"SPACING_75","bottom":"NONE","horizontal":"DESKTOP_ONLY","apply_max_width":true,"enabled":false,"test_id":null,"type":"live","podcast_image_id":"","display_on":"both","article_id":null,"kickerText":"","kickerIcon":null,"testId":null},"displayProperties":{},"localEdits":{},"variants":{}}}]},{"collection":"sections","props":{"collection":"sections","id":1},"children":[{"collection":"features","type":"article/article-wall","props":{"collection":"features","type":"article/article-wall","id":"f0faDOAaelmJTo","name":"Article Wall","contentConfig":{"contentService":"","contentConfigValues":{},"inherit":true},"customFields":{"enableSocialSignUp":true,"disableDismissablePaywall":true},"displayProperties":{},"localEdits":{},"variants":{}}},{"collection":"chains","type":"article","props":{"collection":"chains","type":"article","id":"c0flAIuEclmJUc","name":"Article-v2","customFields":{"adCharacterSplit":400,"share_buttons":true,"confirmation_email_sent_page_url":"/confirmationsent/","legal_marketing_page_url":"https://legal.thomsonreuters.com/en/products/reuters-legal-news","regwall_signup_url":"/account/register/sign-up/","regwall_signin_url":"/account/sign-in/","subscription_details_page_url":"","terms_page_url":"/info-pages/terms-of-use/","jw_key":"JoXo2VMr","exclude":"YDSSA5VK3NPR5FTEDUMIQLYOTU","replace_sub_with_reg_wall":true,"preroll_sz":"3x3|400x300|640x360|640x480|1280x720","trust_badge_url":"https://www.thomsonreuters.com/en/about-us/trust-principles.html","preroll_type":"article_preroll","licenseContentCaptionLabel":"Purchase Licensing Rights","licenseContentCaptionUrl":"https://www.reutersagency.com/en/licensereuterscontent/?utm_medium=rcom-article-media&utm_campaign=rcom-rcp-lead","licenseContentButtonLabel":"Purchase Licensing Rights","licenseContentButtonUrl":"https://www.reutersagency.com/en/licensereuterscontent/?utm_medium=rcom-article-media&utm_campaign=rcom-rcp-lead","showLicenseContentButton":true,"preroll_template":"article","preroll_ad_type":"video","preroll_client":"ca-video-pub-8200574565762874","preroll_plcmt":2,"postroll_type":"article_postroll","show_key_points_tab":false,"show_key_points_tab_to_internal_users":false,"show_key_points_tab_to_guest_users":false},"displayProperties":{}},"children":[{"collection":"features","type":"freestar/broker-button","props":{"collection":"features","type":"freestar/broker-button","id":"f0frOBhxblmJYU","name":"Broker Button Ad Slot","contentConfig":{"contentService":"","contentConfigValues":{},"inherit":true},"customFields":{"sections":"/markets","visible_on_screens":"FOR_TABLET_DOWN","before_characters":400,"top":"SPACING_SINGLE","bottom":"SPACING_SINGLE","horizontal":"ALWAYS","apply_max_width":true,"all_placement_name":"reuters_broker","all_channel":"/4735792/reuters.com/business/energy/article","all_type":"broker","sections_right_rail":"markets","visible_on_screens_right_rail":"mobile_and_tablet","primary_media_type":""},"displayProperties":{},"localEdits":{},"variants":{}}},{"collection":"features","type":"article/article-video","props":{"collection":"features","type":"article/article-video","id":"f0fLWRIBblmJ8r","name":"Article Video - Mobile","contentConfig":{"contentService":"","contentConfigValues":{},"inherit":true},"customFields":{"count":10,"top":"SPACING_SINGLE","bottom":"SPACING_SINGLE","horizontal":"NONE","apply_max_width":true,"before_characters":400,"placement":"in-article","location":"Article","playerDivId":"in-article-mobile-video-player","iu":"/4735792/reuters.com/business/energy/article","sz":"3x3|400x300|640x360|640x480|1280x720","template":"article","ad_type":"video","client":"ca-video-pub-8200574565762874","plcmt":2,"prerollType":"inline_preroll","midrollType":"inline_midroll","primary_media_type":"gallery,image","visible_on_screens":"FOR_TABLET_DOWN","isExco":true,"excoPlayerId":"","playerType":"connatix","cnxPlayerId":"d7a89af2-7f5b-4fc1-857f-55d3ed596c73","cnxScriptId":"1eea4eba-e472-4d2e-a0ea-54db387c3946"},"displayProperties":{},"localEdits":{},"variants":{}}},{"collection":"features","type":"freestar/ad-slot","props":{"collection":"features","type":"freestar/ad-slot","id":"f0fFwewFblmJBh","name":"DESKTOP - Freestar Ad Slot-1","contentConfig":{"contentService":"","contentConfigValues":{},"inherit":true},"customFields":{"top":"SPACING_SINGLE_THREE_QUARTERS","bottom":"SPACING_SINGLE_THREE_QUARTERS","horizontal":"NONE","apply_max_width":true,"before_characters":400,"fixedHeight":true,"desktop_only_placement_name":"reuters_desktop_native_1","desktop_only_channel":"/4735792/reuters.com/business/energy/article","desktop_only_type":"native","tablet_mobile_placement_name":null,"tablet_mobile_channel":"","tablet_mobile_type":"","visible_on_screens":"FOR_DESKTOP"},"displayProperties":{},"localEdits":{},"variants":{}}},{"collection":"features","type":"freestar/ad-slot","props":{"collection":"features","type":"freestar/ad-slot","id":"f0fBJdkAuHlL50u","name":"MOBILE - Freestar Ad Slot-1","contentConfig":{"contentService":"","contentConfigValues":{},"inherit":true},"customFields":{"top":"SPACING_SINGLE_THREE_QUARTERS","bottom":"SPACING_SINGLE_THREE_QUARTERS","horizontal":"NONE","apply_max_width":true,"before_characters":400,"fixedHeight":true,"desktop_only_placement_name":null,"desktop_only_channel":"","desktop_only_type":"","tablet_mobile_placement_name":"reuters_mobile_mpu_1","tablet_mobile_channel":"/4735792/reuters.com/business/energy/article","tablet_mobile_type":"mpu","pbInternal_cloneId":"f0fBJdkAuHlL50u","visible_on_screens":"FOR_TABLET_DOWN"},"displayProperties":{},"localEdits":{},"variants":{}}},{"collection":"features","type":"freestar/ad-slot","props":{"collection":"features","type":"freestar/ad-slot","id":"f0fLAHMIblmJgr","name":"DESKTOP - Freestar Ad Slot-2","contentConfig":{"contentService":"","contentConfigValues":{},"inherit":true},"customFields":{"top":"SPACING_SINGLE_THREE_QUARTERS","bottom":"SPACING_SINGLE_THREE_QUARTERS","horizontal":"NONE","apply_max_width":true,"before_characters":600,"fixedHeight":true,"desktop_only_placement_name":"reuters_desktop_native_2","desktop_only_channel":"/4735792/reuters.com/business/energy/article","desktop_only_type":"native2","tablet_mobile_placement_name":null,"tablet_mobile_channel":"","tablet_mobile_type":"","visible_on_screens":"FOR_DESKTOP"},"displayProperties":{},"localEdits":{},"variants":{}}},{"collection":"features","type":"freestar/ad-slot","props":{"collection":"features","type":"freestar/ad-slot","id":"f0fms16Lc56c4ki","name":"MOBILE - Freestar Ad Slot-2","contentConfig":{"contentService":"","contentConfigValues":{},"inherit":true},"customFields":{"top":"SPACING_SINGLE_THREE_QUARTERS","bottom":"SPACING_SINGLE_THREE_QUARTERS","horizontal":"NONE","apply_max_width":true,"before_characters":400,"fixedHeight":true,"desktop_only_placement_name":null,"desktop_only_channel":"","desktop_only_type":"","tablet_mobile_placement_name":"reuters_mobile_mpu_2","tablet_mobile_channel":"/4735792/reuters.com/business/energy/article","tablet_mobile_type":"native","pbInternal_cloneId":"f0fms16Lc56c4ki","visible_on_screens":"FOR_TABLET_DOWN"},"displayProperties":{},"localEdits":{},"variants":{}}},{"collection":"features","type":"article/article-video","props":{"collection":"features","type":"article/article-video","id":"f0f2dv8lclmJ2q","name":"DESKTOP - Article Video","contentConfig":{"contentService":"","contentConfigValues":{},"inherit":true},"customFields":{"count":10,"top":"SPACING_SINGLE","bottom":"SPACING_SINGLE","horizontal":"NONE","apply_max_width":true,"before_characters":800,"location":"Article","playerDivId":"in-article-desktop-video-player-1","iu":"/4735792/reuters.com/business/energy/article","sz":"3x3|400x300|640x360|640x480|1280x720","template":"article","ad_type":"video","client":"ca-video-pub-8200574565762874","plcmt":2,"prerollType":"inline_preroll","midrollType":"inline_midroll","primary_media_type":"gallery,image","visible_on_screens":"FOR_DESKTOP","isExco":true,"excoPlayerId":"","playerType":"connatix","cnxPlayerId":"d7a89af2-7f5b-4fc1-857f-55d3ed596c73","cnxScriptId":"1eea4eba-e472-4d2e-a0ea-54db387c3946"},"displayProperties":{},"localEdits":{},"variants":{}}},{"collection":"features","type":"freestar/ad-slot","props":{"collection":"features","type":"freestar/ad-slot","id":"f0fNWEbpclmJ0g","name":"DESKTOP - Freestar Ad Slot-3","contentConfig":{"contentService":"","contentConfigValues":{},"inherit":true},"customFields":{"top":"SPACING_SINGLE_THREE_QUARTERS","bottom":"SPACING_SINGLE_THREE_QUARTERS","horizontal":"NONE","apply_max_width":true,"before_characters":800,"fixedHeight":true,"desktop_only_placement_name":"reuters_desktop_native_3","desktop_only_channel":"/4735792/reuters.com/business/energy/article","desktop_only_type":"native3","tablet_mobile_placement_name":null,"tablet_mobile_channel":"","tablet_mobile_type":"","desktop_only_show_dianomi":true,"visible_on_screens":"FOR_DESKTOP"},"displayProperties":{},"localEdits":{},"variants":{}}},{"collection":"features","type":"freestar/ad-slot","props":{"collection":"features","type":"freestar/ad-slot","id":"f0fiUMQJ4drg4VK","name":"MOBILE - Freestar Ad Slot-3","contentConfig":{"contentService":"","contentConfigValues":{},"inherit":true},"customFields":{"top":"SPACING_SINGLE_THREE_QUARTERS","bottom":"SPACING_SINGLE_THREE_QUARTERS","horizontal":"NONE","apply_max_width":true,"before_characters":400,"fixedHeight":true,"desktop_only_placement_name":null,"desktop_only_channel":"","desktop_only_type":"","tablet_mobile_placement_name":"reuters_mobile_mpu_3","tablet_mobile_channel":"/4735792/reuters.com/business/energy/article","tablet_mobile_type":"native2","desktop_only_show_dianomi":true,"pbInternal_cloneId":"f0fiUMQJ4drg4VK","visible_on_screens":"FOR_TABLET_DOWN"},"displayProperties":{},"localEdits":{},"variants":{}}},{"collection":"features","type":"freestar/ad-slot","props":{"collection":"features","type":"freestar/ad-slot","id":"f0fWMjQxclmJ91","name":"Freestar Ad Slot-4","contentConfig":{"contentService":"","contentConfigValues":{},"inherit":true},"customFields":{"top":"SPACING_SINGLE_THREE_QUARTERS","bottom":"SPACING_SINGLE_THREE_QUARTERS","horizontal":"NONE","apply_max_width":true,"before_characters":400,"mobile_only_placement_name":null,"mobile_only_channel":"","mobile_only_type":"","fixedHeight":true,"tablet_mobile_placement_name":"reuters_mobile_mpu_4","tablet_mobile_channel":"/4735792/reuters.com/business/energy/article","tablet_mobile_type":"mpu2","tablet_mobile_show_dianomi":true},"displayProperties":{},"localEdits":{},"variants":{}}},{"collection":"features","type":"common/read-next-v2","props":{"collection":"features","type":"common/read-next-v2","id":"f0fyrlYAclmJ3R","name":"Read Next V2","contentConfig":{"contentService":"","contentConfigValues":{},"inherit":true},"customFields":{"articles_from":"Collection from Section or Section","label":"Read Next","section_id":"/business/energy/","size":5,"exclude":"YDSSA5VK3NPR5FTEDUMIQLYOTU","top":"NONE","bottom":"NONE","horizontal":"TABLET_MOBILE_ONLY","apply_max_width":true},"displayProperties":{},"localEdits":{},"variants":{}}}]}]},{"collection":"sections","props":{"collection":"sections","id":2},"children":[]},{"collection":"sections","props":{"collection":"sections","id":3},"children":[{"collection":"chains","type":"sticky-rail-chain","props":{"collection":"chains","type":"sticky-rail-chain","id":"c0ftELiBdlmJJO","name":"Sticky Rail","customFields":{"sticky_heights":["0px","1200px","1200px","1200px","1200px"],"sticky_assured":["true","true","false","false","false"],"sticky_groups":["2"]},"displayProperties":{}},"children":[{"collection":"features","type":"freestar/broker-button","props":{"collection":"features","type":"freestar/broker-button","id":"f0fxb6UkdlmJHq","name":"Broker Button Ad Slot","contentConfig":{"contentService":"","contentConfigValues":{},"inherit":true},"customFields":{"sections":"markets","visible_on_screens":"desktop_only","before_characters":null,"top":"NONE","bottom":"SPACING_SINGLE","horizontal":"NONE","apply_max_width":false,"all_placement_name":"reuters_broker","all_channel":"/4735792/reuters.com/business/energy/article","all_type":"broker","sections_right_rail":"markets","visible_on_screens_right_rail":"desktop_only"},"displayProperties":{},"localEdits":{},"variants":{}}},{"collection":"features","type":"freestar/ad-slot","props":{"collection":"features","type":"freestar/ad-slot","id":"f0fQ3lOodlmJPs","name":"Freestar Ad Slot-1","contentConfig":{"contentService":"","contentConfigValues":{},"inherit":true},"customFields":{"top":"NONE","bottom":"SPACING_SINGLE","horizontal":"NONE","apply_max_width":true,"before_characters":null,"desktop_only_placement_name":"reuters_desktop_right_rail_1","desktop_only_channel":"/4735792/reuters.com/business/energy/article","desktop_only_type":"mpu"},"displayProperties":{},"localEdits":{},"variants":{}}},{"collection":"features","type":"freestar/ad-slot","props":{"collection":"features","type":"freestar/ad-slot","id":"f0fBh7jrdlmJez","name":"Freestar Ad Slot-2","contentConfig":{"contentService":"","contentConfigValues":{},"inherit":true},"customFields":{"top":"NONE","bottom":"SPACING_SINGLE","horizontal":"NONE","apply_max_width":true,"before_characters":null,"desktop_only_placement_name":"reuters_desktop_right_rail_2","desktop_only_channel":"/4735792/reuters.com/business/energy/article","desktop_only_type":"mpu2"},"displayProperties":{},"localEdits":{},"variants":{}}},{"collection":"features","type":"freestar/ad-slot","props":{"collection":"features","type":"freestar/ad-slot","id":"f0fu0tBtdlmJWP","name":"Freestar Ad Slot-3","contentConfig":{"contentService":"","contentConfigValues":{},"inherit":true},"customFields":{"top":"NONE","bottom":"SPACING_SINGLE","horizontal":"NONE","apply_max_width":true,"before_characters":null,"desktop_only_placement_name":"reuters_desktop_right_rail_3","desktop_only_channel":"/4735792/reuters.com/business/energy/article","desktop_only_type":"mpu3"},"displayProperties":{},"localEdits":{},"variants":{}}},{"collection":"features","type":"freestar/ad-slot","props":{"collection":"features","type":"freestar/ad-slot","id":"f0f5eNOxdlmJQL","name":"Freestar Ad Slot-4","contentConfig":{"contentService":"","contentConfigValues":{},"inherit":true},"customFields":{"top":"NONE","bottom":"SPACING_SINGLE","horizontal":"NONE","apply_max_width":true,"before_characters":null,"desktop_only_placement_name":"reuters_desktop_right_rail_4","desktop_only_channel":"/4735792/reuters.com/business/energy/article","desktop_only_type":"mpu4"},"displayProperties":{},"localEdits":{},"variants":{}}}]}]},{"collection":"sections","props":{"collection":"sections","id":4},"children":[]},{"collection":"sections","props":{"collection":"sections","id":5},"children":[{"collection":"features","type":"freestar/ad-slot","props":{"collection":"features","type":"freestar/ad-slot","id":"f0fqbusNdlmJa8","name":"Freestar Ad Slot","contentConfig":{"contentService":"","contentConfigValues":{},"inherit":true},"customFields":{"top":"SPACING_SINGLE","bottom":"SPACING_SINGLE","horizontal":"TABLET_MOBILE_ONLY","apply_max_width":false,"before_characters":400,"desktop_only_placement_name":"reuters_recirc_end_unit","desktop_only_channel":"/4735792/reuters.com/business/energy/article","desktop_only_type":"recirc_endunit","desktop_only_variation":"hptod","tablet_mobile_placement_name":"reuters_recirc_end_unit","tablet_mobile_type":"recirc_endunit","tablet_mobile_channel":"/4735792/reuters.com/business/energy/article"},"displayProperties":{},"localEdits":{},"variants":{}}},{"collection":"features","type":"common/workspace-article-banner","props":{"collection":"features","type":"common/workspace-article-banner","id":"f0fHAvEPdlmJgY","name":"Workspace Article Banner","contentConfig":{"contentService":"","contentConfigValues":{},"inherit":true},"customFields":{"url":"https://www.lseg.com/en/data-analytics/products/workspace?utm_source=reuters.com&utm_medium=articlebanner&utm_campaign=Reuters_ProductPage_Links","imageAlias":"lseg_image","top":"SPACING_SINGLE","bottom":"SPACING_SINGLE","horizontal":"TABLET_MOBILE_ONLY","apply_max_width":false,"wealthImageAlias":"wealth_lseg_image","wealthUrl":"https://www.lseg.com/en/data-analytics/wealth-management-solutions/automate-advisor-workflow/workspace-wealth-advisors?utm_source=reuters.com&utm_medium=articlebanner&utm_campaign=Reuters_ProductPage_Links"},"displayProperties":{},"localEdits":{},"variants":{}}}]},{"collection":"sections","props":{"collection":"sections","id":6},"children":[]},{"collection":"sections","props":{"collection":"sections","id":7},"children":[{"collection":"features","type":"common/dianomi","props":{"collection":"features","type":"common/dianomi","id":"f0fQ0c0qr6p559Q","name":"Dianomi - Video","contentConfig":{"contentService":"","contentConfigValues":{},"inherit":true},"customFields":{"top":"SPACING_SINGLE","bottom":"SPACING_SINGLE","horizontal":"TABLET_MOBILE_ONLY","apply_max_width":true,"type":"VIDEO"},"displayProperties":{},"localEdits":{},"variants":{}}},{"collection":"features","type":"common/dianomi","props":{"collection":"features","type":"common/dianomi","id":"f0fcHL7WdlmJsS","name":"Dianomi","contentConfig":{"contentService":"","contentConfigValues":{},"inherit":true},"customFields":{"top":"SPACING_SINGLE","bottom":"SPACING_SINGLE","horizontal":"TABLET_MOBILE_ONLY","apply_max_width":true,"type":"TOP"},"displayProperties":{},"localEdits":{},"variants":{}}},{"collection":"features","type":"common/section-story-grid","props":{"collection":"features","type":"common/section-story-grid","id":"f0fPLWZXdlmJz1","name":"Section Stories","contentConfig":{"contentService":"","contentConfigValues":{},"inherit":true},"customFields":{"articles_from":"Section","id_or_alias":"/business/","size":5,"layout":"One Hero + Two Columns (no right rail)","ad_unit_path":"/4735792/reuters.com/business/energy/article","sophi_page":"","sophi_widget":"","exclude":"YDSSA5VK3NPR5FTEDUMIQLYOTU","top":"SPACING_SINGLE","bottom":"NONE","horizontal":"NONE","apply_max_width":true},"displayProperties":{},"localEdits":{},"variants":{}}},{"collection":"features","type":"common/dianomi","props":{"collection":"features","type":"common/dianomi","id":"f0fD92T0elmJb8","name":"Dianomi","contentConfig":{"contentService":"","contentConfigValues":{},"inherit":true},"customFields":{"top":"SPACING_SINGLE","bottom":"SPACING_SINGLE","horizontal":"TABLET_MOBILE_ONLY","apply_max_width":true,"type":"BOTTOM","pbInternal_cloneId":"f0fhbXUBXbFu4BM"},"displayProperties":{},"localEdits":{},"variants":{}}}]},{"collection":"sections","props":{"collection":"sections","id":8},"children":[{"collection":"features","type":"common/site-footer","props":{"collection":"features","type":"common/site-footer","id":"f0fKeJS5elmJdE","name":"Footer - Don't Edit!","contentConfig":{"contentService":"","contentConfigValues":{},"inherit":true},"customFields":{"latest_links":"[\n {\n \"text\": \"Home\",\n \"url\": \"/\",\n \"self\": true\n },\n {\n \"text\": \"Authors\",\n \"url\": \"/sitemap/authors/\",\n \"self\": true\n },\n {\n \"text\": \"Topic Sitemap\",\n \"url\": \"/sitemap/topics/\",\n \"self\": true\n },\n {\n \"text\": \"Archive\",\n \"url\": \"/archive/\",\n \"self\": true\n },\n {\n \"text\": \"Article Sitemap\",\n \"url\": \"/sitemap/\",\n \"self\": true\n }\n]","browse_links":"[\n {\n \"text\": \"World\",\n \"url\": \"/world/\",\n \"self\": true\n },\n {\n \"text\": \"Business\",\n \"url\": \"/business/\",\n \"self\": true\n },\n {\n \"text\": \"Markets\",\n \"url\": \"/markets/\",\n \"self\": true\n },\n {\n \"text\": \"Sustainability\",\n \"url\": \"/sustainability/\",\n \"self\": true\n },\n {\n \"text\": \"Legal\",\n \"url\": \"/legal/\",\n \"self\": true\n },\n {\n \"text\": \"Breakingviews\",\n \"url\": \"/breakingviews/\",\n \"self\": true\n },\n {\n \"text\": \"Technology\",\n \"url\": \"/technology/\",\n \"self\": true\n },\n {\n \"text\": \"Investigations\",\n \"url\": \"/investigations/\",\n \"self\": true\n },\n {\n \"text\": \"Sports\",\n \"url\": \"/sports/\",\n \"self\": true\n },\n {\n \"text\": \"Science\",\n \"url\": \"/science/\",\n \"self\": true\n },\n {\n \"text\": \"Lifestyle\",\n \"url\": \"/lifestyle/\",\n \"self\": true\n }\n]","media_links":"[{\n \"text\": \"Videos\",\n \"url\": \"https://www.reuters.com/video/\",\n \"symbol\": \"videos\",\n \"self\": true\n}, {\n \"text\": \"Pictures\",\n \"url\": \"https://www.reuters.com/pictures/\",\n \"symbol\": \"pictures\",\n \"self\": true\n}, {\n \"text\": \"Graphics\",\n \"url\": \"https://www.reuters.com/graphics/\",\n \"symbol\": \"graphics\",\n \"self\": true\n},{\n \"text\": \"Podcasts\",\n \"url\": \"https://www.reuters.com/podcasts/\",\n \"symbol\": \"podcast\",\n \"self\": true\n}]","about_links":"[\n {\n \"text\": \"About Reuters\",\n \"url\": \"https://www.reutersprofessional.com/reuters-plus-studio/p/1\"\n },\n{\n \"text\": \"Advertise with Us\",\n \"url\": \"https://www.reutersprofessional.com/advertise-with-us/p/1\"\n },\n {\n \"text\": \"Careers\",\n \"url\": \"https://www.thomsonreuters.com/en/careers\"\n },\n {\n \"text\": \"Reuters News Agency\",\n \"url\": \"https://reutersagency.com/?utm_source=website&utm_medium=reuters&utm_campaign=site-referral&utm_content=us&utm_term=0\"\n },\n {\n \"text\": \"Brand Attribution Guidelines\",\n \"url\": \"https://reutersagency.com/brand-attribution-guidelines/\"\n },\n {\n \"text\": \"Reuters and AI\",\n \"url\": \"/info-pages/reuters-and-ai/\"\n },\n {\n \"text\": \"Reuters Leadership\",\n \"url\": \"https://reutersagency.com/about/leadership-team/\"\n },\n {\n \"text\": \"Reuters Fact Check\",\n \"url\": \"/fact-check/\",\n \"self\": true,\n \"analyticsProps\": {\n \"category\": \"Global Footer\",\n \"label\": \"/fact-check/\",\n \"ui_element\": \"Reuters Fact Check\",\n \"ui_element_label\": \"Reuters Fact Check\",\n \"ui_element_location\": \"footer page\"\n }\n},\n {\n \"text\": \"Reuters Diversity Report\",\n \"url\": \"https://www.reuters.com/graphics/DIVERSITY-REPORT/2024/xmpjbgdrapr/\"\n },\n {\n \"text\": \"Commercial Disclosure (Japan)\",\n \"url\": \"https://www.reuters.com/info-pages/commercial-disclosure/\"\n }\n]","stay_informed_links":"[\n {\n \"text\": \"Download the App (iOS)\",\n \"url\": \"https://apps.apple.com/app/reuters-news/id602660809\"\n },\n {\n \"text\": \"Download the App (Android)\",\n \"url\": \"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.thomsonreuters.reuters\"\n },\n {\n \"text\": \"Newsletters\",\n \"url\": \"https://www.reuters.com/newsletters/\",\n \"self\": true,\n \"analyticsProps\": {\n \"event_name\": \"registration.newsletter.signup.initiate\",\n \"subscribed_newsletter\": \" \",\n \"ui_element_location\": \"Footer\",\n \"label\": \"Newsletter sign up initiate\",\n \"ui_element\": \"newsletter_signup_initiate\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"text\": \"Subscribe\",\n \"url\": \"/subscribe/offer/?journeyStart=Footer\",\n \"self\": true,\n \"analyticsProps\": {\n \"event_name\": \"ui.interaction\",\n \"ui_element_location\": \"Footer\",\n \"label\": \"/subscribe/offer/?journeyStart=Footer\",\n \"ui_element\": \"Subscription\"\n }\n }\n]","social_links":"[\n {\n \"type\": \"twitter\",\n \"url\": \"https://x.com/reuters\"\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"facebook\",\n \"url\": \"https://www.facebook.com/Reuters\"\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"instagram\",\n \"url\": \"https://www.instagram.com/Reuters\"\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"youtube\",\n \"url\": \"https://www.youtube.com/user/ReutersVideo\"\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"linkedin\",\n \"url\": \"https://www.linkedin.com/company/10256858/\"\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"whatsapp\",\n \"url\": \"https://www.whatsapp.com/channel/0029Va993qu5q08m6Tl6jP0U\"\n }\n]","company_description":"Reuters, the news and media division of Thomson Reuters, is the world’s largest multimedia news provider, reaching billions of people worldwide every day. Reuters provides business, financial, national and international news to professionals via desktop terminals, the world's media organizations, industry events and directly to consumers.","tr_products":"","refinitiv_products":"[\n {\n \"name\": \"Workspace\",\n \"description\": \"Access unmatched financial data, news and content in a highly-customised workflow experience on desktop, web and mobile.\",\n \"url\": \" https://www.lseg.com/en/data-analytics/products/workspace?utm_source=reuters.com&utm_medium=footer&utm_campaign=Reuters_ProductPage_Links\"\n },\n {\n \"name\": \"Data Catalogue\",\n \"description\": \" Browse an unrivalled portfolio of real-time and historical market data and insights from worldwide sources and experts.\",\n \"url\": \" https://www.lseg.com/en/data-analytics/financial-data/?utm_source=reuters.com&utm_medium=footer&utm_campaign=Reuters_DataCatalogPage_Links\"\n },\n {\n \"name\": \"World-Check\",\n \"description\": \"Screen for heightened risk individual and entities globally to help uncover hidden risks in business relationships and human networks.\",\n \"url\": \"https://www.lseg.com/en/risk-intelligence/screening-solutions/world-check-kyc-screening?utm_source=reuters.com&utm_medium=footer&utm_campaign=Reuters_ProductPage_Links\"\n }\n]","ad_links":"[\n {\n \"text\": \"Advertise With Us\",\n \"url\": \"https://www.reutersprofessional.com/advertising-solutions/p/1\"\n },\n {\n \"text\": \"Advertising Guidelines\",\n \"url\": \"/info-pages/advertising-guidelines/\",\n \"self\": true\n },\n {\n \"text\": \"Purchase Licensing Rights\",\n \"url\": \"https://www.reutersagency.com/en/licensereuterscontent/?utm_medium=rcom-footer&utm_campaign=rcom-rcp-lead\",\n \"isLicenseContent\": true\n}\n]","misc_links":"[\n {\n \"text\": \"Cookies\",\n \"url\": \"https://www.thomsonreuters.com/en/privacy-statement.html#cookies\"\n },\n {\n \"text\": \"Terms & Conditions\",\n \"url\": \"/info-pages/terms-of-use/\",\n \"self\": true\n },\n {\n \"text\": \"Privacy\",\n \"url\": \"https://www.thomsonreuters.com/en/privacy-statement.html\"\n },\n {\n \"text\": \"Copyright\",\n \"url\": \"https://www.thomsonreuters.com/en/policies/copyright\"\n },\n {\n \"text\": \"Digital Accessibility\",\n \"url\": \"https://www.thomsonreuters.com/en/policies/digital-accessibility-policy.html\"\n },\n {\n \"text\": \"Corrections\",\n \"url\": \"/info-pages/contact-us/\",\n \"self\": true\n },\n {\n \"text\": \"Data Disclosure and Sources\",\n \"url\": \"/info-pages/data-disclosure-and-sources/\"\n },\n {\n \"text\": \"Site Feedback\",\n \"url\": \"https://trdigital.iad1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_8kte8gArGyCGVhz\"\n }\n]","disclaimer_link":"https://www.reuters.com/info-pages/disclaimer/","copyright_link":"https://www.thomsonreuters.com/en/policies/copyright.html","copyright_year":"2026"},"displayProperties":{},"localEdits":{},"variants":{}}}]},{"collection":"sections","props":{"collection":"sections","id":9},"children":[]}]};Fusion.spa=false;Fusion.spaEnabled=false;</script></body></html>